GS1 Logistic Label...Figure 13. Bacardi Martini Portugal Logistics Label example..... 24 Figure 14....

All contents copyright © GS1 Portugal 2020 to 59

GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications

,

GS1 Logistic Label Standards and National Market Specifications

Version 2.0, Final, January 2020

The Global Language of Business



Document Summary

Document Valor current

Document name GS1 Logistics Label – Standards and National Market Specifications

Date of last modification November

Current document number Version 2.0

Status Final

Document description This document aims to provide recommendations and good practices using the GS1 Logistics Label in the Portuguese National Market

Contributors

Name Organization

Arnaldo Oliveira BACARDI MARTINI

Artur Andrade GS1 PORTUGAL

Carlos Cardoso INTERMARCHÉ

Cátia Gouveia GS1 PORTUGAL

Cristina Sousa JERÓNIMO MARTINS

Diogo Domingues L´OREAL

Fernando Silva NOBRE

Filipe Esteves GS1 PORTUGAL

Helena Figueira NÉSTLE

Henrique Cota LOGIC

João Simões BEIERSDORF

Joaquim Custódio SOVENA

Jorge Andrade SOVENA

Jorge Correia UNICER

José Aleixo JOHNSON & JOHNSON

José Fonseca SONAE

Luís Alves BEIERSDORF

Luís Branco DANONE

Luís Silva STEF

Marcos Carreira GS1 PORTUGAL

Marília Silva UNICER

Nuno Miranda GS1 PORTUGAL

Leonor Afonso AUCHAN

Patrícia Alonso SALVESEN LOGÍSTICA

Paulo Silva DHL

Pedro Ferreira SOCIEDADE CENTRAL DE CERVEJAS E BEBIDAS

Rui Rua JERÓNIMO MARTINS

Silvério Paixão GS1 PORTUGAL



Disclaimer On the date of publication, the information provided in this document is in line with the content of the GS1 General Specifications, Version 16 of January 2016. However, in response to technological developments and/or business/legal needs, this may be updated, and the updates will be published in due course.

While every effort has been made to ensure that the GS1 Standards contained in this document are correct,

GS1 Portugal and any other partners involved are exempted from any liability, direct or indirect, for related loss and damage due to the poor use/interpretation thereof.

Products and names of companies mentioned can be brands and/or registered trademarks of the respective companies.

Acknowledgments The development of the present document was made by the “GS1-128 Work Group”, having as base guideline the original English document “Standard International Logistic Label – STILL”, developed by GS1 GO and the remaining participant members as referred in the original document.

GS1 Portugal would like to thank both, the authors of the original document by providing an extraordinary starting point and to its own members involved in the GS1-128 Work Group for their valuable assistance and collaboration in the creation of this national best practices.



Contents

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 6

2. Benefits from using the GS1 System and the GS1 Logistics Label ....................... 6

3. The difference between numbering and barcoding .............................................. 7

4. Unique identification of trade items .................................................................... 8

4.1. GTIN (Fixed Measures)................................................................................................ 8

4.1.1. Consumer unit identification ................................................................................ 8

4.1.2. Transport box unit identification ........................................................................... 8

4.2. RCN (Variable Measures) ........................................................................................... 10

4.2.1. Consumer unit identification .............................................................................. 10

4.2.2. Transport box unit identification ......................................................................... 11

5. SSCC for unique identification of logistics units ................................................ 13

5.1. Using SSCC advantages (ISO 15459) .......................................................................... 14

5.2. Good practices for SSCC allocation ............................................................................. 14

5.2.1. SSCC management and traceability throughout the supply chain ........................... 14

6. GS1-128 Symbology (EAN/UCC 128)................................................................. 16

6.1. GS1-128 Symbology main benefits ............................................................................. 16

6.2. Application Identifiers (AI) ......................................................................................... 17

7. GS1-128 Logistics Label .................................................................................... 18

7.1. Legal Regulation....................................................................................................... 19

7.2. Party responsible for the content of the Logistic Label ................................................... 19

7.3. Homogeneous Pallets ................................................................................................ 19

7.3.1. GS1 Logistics Label structure (Homogeneous Pallets) ........................................... 19

7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data ................................................. 22

7.3.3. Portuguese Nacional Market good practices and examples ..................................... 24

7.3.4. Logistics label dimensions ................................................................................. 29

7.4. Heterogeneous Pallets ............................................................................................... 30

7.4.1. GS1 Logistics Label Structure (Heterogeneous Pallets) .......................................... 30

7.4.2. Recommendation for the National Market (Heterogeneous Pallets) ......................... 31

7.5. Transport Boxes ....................................................................................................... 36

7.6. Placement of the Logistics Label ................................................................................. 37

7.6.1. On Pallets ....................................................................................................... 37

7.6.2. On Transport Boxes .......................................................................................... 38

7.7. Quality Test ............................................................................................................. 39

8. Appendix 1 – GS1 Technical Components .......................................................... 40

8.1. GTIN ....................................................................................................................... 40

8.2. RCN ........................................................................................................................ 41

8.3. SSCC ...................................................................................................................... 43

8.4. GS1-128 Symbology ................................................................................................. 44

9. Appendix 2 – Application Identifiers List and Relationships .............................. 46

10. Appendix 3 – Glossary of Terms ........................................................................ 56

11. Appendix 4 – FAQ .............................................................................................. 58



List of Figures

Figure 1. SSCC vs. GS1-128 ........................................................................................ 7

Figure 2. Example of GTIN consumer unit identification ............................................ 8

Figure 3. Examples of GTIN-14 transport cases identification .................................... 9

Figure 4. Example of RCN consumer unit identification ............................................ 11

Figure 5. Example of GTIN-14 transportation box identification .............................. 12

Figure 6. Examples of SSCC logistic units identification (pallets) ............................. 13

Figure 7. Use of the SSCC in the supply chain........................................................... 15

Figure 8. Maintaining the SSCC throughout the supply chain ................................... 15

Figure 9. Example of a SSCC encoded in GS1-128 symbology ................................... 16

Figure 10. Extract from the Application Identifiers List ............................................ 17

Figure 11. GS1 Logistics Label .................................................................................. 20

Figure 12. Table of Application Identifiers recommended by the Portuguese business

sector and by GS1 Portugal ...................................................................................... 23

Figure 13. Bacardi Martini Portugal Logistics Label example .................................... 24

Figure 14. Danone Portugal Logistics Label example ............................................... 25

Figure 15. XPTO Produção e Comercialização de Produtos Agrícolas Logistics Label

example ................................................................................................................... 26

Figure 16. Nobre Alimentação Logistics Label example ............................................ 27

Figure 17. Desmanchas Portuguesas Logistics Label example ................................. 28

Figure 18. A6 Logistics Label dimensions examples ................................................. 29

Figure 19. Heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example ........................................ 30

Figure 20. Cross-docking heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example (national

market) .................................................................................................................... 31

Figure 21. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 1 .......... 32



Figure 24. Packing list structure for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet –

Scenario 3 ................................................................................................................ 34


Figure 26. Example of a label for transport boxes .................................................... 36

Figure 27. GS1 Logistics Label placement on pallets ................................................ 37

Figure 28. GS1 Logistics Label placement on transport boxes .................................. 38

Figure 29. Application Identifiers by numeric order ................................................. 46

Figure 30. Mandatory associations of Application Identifiers ................................... 50

Figure 31. Invalid Combinations of Application Identifiers....................................... 55



1. Introduction This document aims to provide guidelines on how to identify and barcoding information on logistic units using the GS1 Logistics Label.

It is a guide of best practices for the construction and use of the GS1 Logistics Label, aimed at bringing about a common approach, and which may serve as a point of reference for the majority

of logistic processes (reception, warehousing, preparation of orders, shipment and transportation, cross-docking, etc.).

Based on the GS1 Standards and Guidelines, this document was developed with the support of the “GS1-128 Work Group”, whose participants represent the various business partners in the

national supply chain, including Producers, Logistics Operators, Distributors and Retailers. This Work Group’s mission is to harmonize and create the best practices for the use of the GS1

Logistics Label and for the set of EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) GS1 Standards Messages.

All the recommendations described throughout this document come from GS1 recommendations aligned with the needs of the Portuguese market.

2. Benefits from using the GS1 System and the

GS1 Logistics Label

GS1 System

The use of standards for the numbering and barcoding of trade items, logistic units, locations,

assets, documents, among others, provides benefits in terms of the speed, accuracy in information management and also generates labor savings in the handling and distribution of goods throughout the entire supply chain. Companies should consider that the implementation and use of GS1 Standards helps them to work efficiently with their customers and business partners and mainly to improve their own in-house management of the supply chain.

Therefore, a number of benefits are common to all the parties involved in the supply chain:

• More accurate information

• Real-time information

• Reduced manual data entry

• Improved traceability (particularly in Product Recalls)

• Common identification for the whole industry and supply chain

• Improved stock handling

• Improved stock management

• Fewer errors in the orders processing (Picking)

• Fewer errors in the request shipment

GS1 Logistics Label

The GS1 Logistics Label is a global standard for all the parties involved in the supply chain. Using it brings the following main benefits:

• Single valid identification in the whole world for the logistic units

• Significant reduction in time, thanks to automatic data capture and verification in

reception and shipment

• Faster and more accurate and reliable information provided to the customer during

reception, thanks to the automatic reading of the label

• Reduction in time and costs thanks to the elimination of the successive labels applied by

the participants in the supply chain

• Reliable data thanks to the integration of the information that is contained on the label

with the GS1 international message standards for EDI

• Complete and automatic traceability throughout the logistics chain



3. The difference between numbering and

barcoding

The GS1 System makes a clear distinction between numbering and barcoding. Although in most

cases they are used together, it is very important to be clear about the difference between the two.

Numbering

The GS1 System is based on Identification Keys (the “Numbers”) for different applications. The application will determine how the number is to be used. The data structure of GS1 Identification

Keys provides an unmistakable universal identification. In this regard, based in a GS1 Company

Prefix Code there are GS1 Identification Keys that support the identification of trade items (GTIN), logistic units (SSCC), loads and/or shipments (GSIN), consignment (GINC), locations (GLN), documents (GDTI), services (GSRN), individual assets (GIAI) and returnable assets (GRAI) amongst others. Each of the GS1 Identification Key guarantees the connection between items and the information that is associated to them.

Barcoding

All GS1 Identification Keys (“Numbers”) used in the GS1 System can be represented in data carriers, among others, the barcodes are the most used. Barcodes are a means of representing data that can be read by computers. Reading them enables the automatic capture of the underlying data in each barcode, i.e. when an item is handled and the barcodes are decoded through optical scanners, the information is automatically made available to the computers.

With the improvement in technology and new application requirements, new data carriers such as the GS1 DataBar, GS1 DataMatrix and EPC/RFID have started to be used and adopted by the industry and by the supply chain. Barcodes are usually included in the production process and may also be applied throughout the supply chain according to the information that needs to be barcoded, being such of those examples the Logistics Label and the traceability information.

Note: This document starts by providing the guidelines for the identification of trade items

(consumer units, cases, pallets) and then the guidelines for barcoding of further trade items information which can be included in the GS1 Logistics Label.

(00)356098760000000129 Identification Key (“Number”): SSCC

GS1 Barcode (“Barcoding”):

GS1-128 (EAN/UCC 128)

Figure 1. SSCC vs. GS1-128



4. Unique identification of trade items

4.1. GTIN (Fixed Measures)

4.1.1. Consumer unit identification

The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is the GS1 Identification Key that clearly identifies any item (product) that can be sold, ordered or invoiced at any point of the supply chain. Each trade

item that is different from another is assigned a unique GTIN. The GTIN’s main function is to offer a single, unique distinct identification, so that it can be located in any database, for example, to obtain a price, record a sale, confirm a delivery or identify an order, at any point of the supply chain anywhere in the world. If the product undergoes a change in size, color, weight, description,

etc. a new GTIN is created that corresponds to a new trade item.

Generally, GTIN-13 is composed by a country flag number followed by a company number, a product reference and ending with a check digit.

The GTIN is used to identify consumer units and EAN-13 is the symbology to barcode GTIN-13 itself, as can be seen in the following figure:

Notes:

• For further information on the format and structure of the GTIN-13 please consult appendix 1

• For further information on the dimensions and rules of EAN-13 barcoding, please consult

the document “GS1 General Specifications”

4.1.2. Transport box unit identification

A trade item can take the form of a single unit or a group of various equal single units put together inside a corrugated cardboard box or a tray wrapped in plastic film, for packaging and transport.

For this purpose, a GTIN-14 clearly identifies a number of equal units grouped together in a transportation unit. There is the possibility of identifying different numbers of packed products contained in different boxes using a logistic variable.

The Logistic Variable is the digit that helps to differentiate the different levels of packaging of the same product and is only used in the identification of the GTIN-14:

• Digits 1 to 8 are used to identify 8 levels of homogeneous trade items groupings with fixed measures

• Digit 9 is used for trade items of variable measures (e.g. weight)

5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0 1 5

GS1 Identification Key GTIN-13: 05601234560015

In GS1 Barcode: EAN-13

Figure 2. Example of GTIN consumer unit identification



To group together different sets of equal units in different transport cases, new GTIN’s should be created.

GTIN-14 is used to identify the transport cases of consumer units and ITF-14 or GS1-128 are two possible symbologies for the barcoding of GTIN-14 itself, as it can be seen in the following figure:

Figure 3. Examples of GTIN-14 transport cases identification

• Box with 4 units of 5601234560015



GS1 Identification Key

GTIN-14: 25601234560019

• Box with 6 units of 5601234560015

In GS1 Barcode: ITF-14

• Box with 12 units of 5601234560015


(01)35601234560016In GS1 Barcode: GS1-128



The GTIN is the corner stone of GS1 Identification which allows to identify items and cases inside pallets and must be managed in the databases, following the hierarchical relationship between

the different trade items of the same consumer unit.

Notes:

• For further information on GTIN-14 format and structure please consult appendix 1 • For further information on the dimensions and rules for barcoding ITF-14 and GS1-128,

please consult the document ““GS1 General Specifications”

4.2. RCN (Variable Measures)

4.2.1. Consumer unit identification

Consumer units with variable measures are characterized by having attributes that normally vary in two ways: products with variable weight and products of variable quantity. Restricted Circulation Numbers (RCN’s) can be applied to identify and barcode products sold, ordered or

produced in quantities or weights that are not systematic equal.

So, a product of variable weight is one which, according to its production process or its nature, does not have a fixed weight. Certain presentations of products like fish, meat, cheese, fruit and vegetables, etc., can be consumer units with variable measures.

GS1 Portugal is responsible for identifying (allocate a number) to products of variable weight or quantity that are managed by producers/manufactures.

Then, following the GS1 Standard for national (Portugal) barcoding on products of variable weight

or quantity, producers will be responsible for encoding (marking with a barcode) their products individually, according to the numbers given by GS1 Portugal.

For retailers that wish to tell to producers/manufactures the code numbers (retailer internal reference) to use within their premises or who have own brands, the processes of identification (numbering) and marking (barcoding), becomes of their entirely responsibility.

Portuguese legislation requires, in the retail trade, that each unit of products of variable weight displayed for sale to be clearly marked with the price per kilo, weight and the amount to be paid

by the end consumer.

Based on the previous assumptions barcoding products of variable weight does not follow the same structure used for barcoding products of fixed measures (GTIN). Nevertheless, for variable weight products two components will have to be necessarily considered: the weight and the price per kilo. These data allow to determine the value of each variable weight consumer units

To encode the consumer unit public sale price:

• The Producer/Supplier - use the 27 prefix followed by the 5-digits product identification provided by GS1 Portugal-CODIPOR, plus 5-digits which represent the price with two implicit decimal places for the amount in Euros and, lastly, the check digit calculated automatically according to the standard algorithm.

• The Retailer - uses the 26 prefix 26 followed by the 5-digits product identification

assigned by the retailer himself, plus 5-digits which represent the price with two implicit decimal places for the amount in Euros and, lastly, the check digit calculated automatically according to the standard algorithm.



To encode the consumer unit weight:

• The Producer/Supplier - uses the 29 prefix followed by the 5-digits product identification provided by GS1 Portugal-CODIPOR, plus 5 digits which represent the weight with three implicit decimal places for the weight in grams and, lastly, the check digit calculated automatically according to the standard algorithm.

• The Retailer - uses the 28 prefix followed by the 5-digits product identification assigned by the retailer himself, plus 5-digits which represent the weight with three implicit decimal places for the weight in grams and, lastly, the check digit calculated

automatically according to the standard algorithm.

Note: For further information on the format and structure of the RCN please consult appendix 1.

The RCN is used to identify variable measure consumer units and EAN-13 barcode is used to

encode the RCN in the consumer unit.

Figure 4. Example of RCN consumer unit identification

4.2.2. Transport box unit identification

To identify a transportation box that contains products with variable measures, this is, variable weights, the use of the GTIN-14 identification number using the logistic variable 9 and the GS1 Company Prefix are required.

There are two ways for barcoding this type of information:

• Encoding the GTIN-14 in a ITF-14 barcode

• Encoding the GTIN-14 in a GS1-128 barcode, where is recommended the use of the

Application Identifiers (AI’s) to complement the information about weight and measures

The GTIN-14 is used to identify consumer units transport boxes and ITF-14 or GS1-128 are two possible symbologies for the barcoding of GTIN-14 itself, as it can be seen in the following figure:

Identification Key RCN in the database:

02912345050009 e.g.: 5 Kilograms

In GS1 Barcode: EAN-13

2 9 1 2 3 4 5 0 5 0 0 0 9

• 5 Digits for representation of the weight

• 3 Virtual decimal places for the weight in grams



Figure 5. Example of GTIN-14 transportation box identification

Notes:

• For the alternative of barcoding the GTIN-14 in a ITF-14 the information should be mentioned or printed on the transportation box

• The GS1-128 allows to encode information about the weight of the box

• For further information on the format and structure of the GTIN-14 please consult appendix 1

• For further information on the dimensions and rules for barcoding ITF-14 and GS1-128 symbologies, please consult the document “GS1 General Specifications”

Identification Key RCN in the database:

02912345050009 e.g. 5 kilograms

• Box with 4 units of 2912345050009 (4 x 5 kilograms, 20 kilograms)



• Box with 8 units of 2912345050009 (8 x 5 kilograms, 40 kilograms)


In GS1 Barcode: GS1-128




5. SSCC for unique identification of logistics units Logistic units are items made up for transport and distribution purposes, and pallets are one of the examples focused on throughout this section.

The Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC) is the GS1 Identification Key used to identify individual logistic units. The logistic unit can be any combination of units placed together in a box, pallet or truck, which this specific load unit needs to be handled through the supply chain.

The SSCC enables a logistic unit to be located individually, providing the benefit of tracking and control of the order, through its delivery and automatic reception.

The only obligatory requisite is that each logistic unit is identified with a single/unique serial

number, the SSCC. Scanning the SSCC barcoded in a GS1-128 symbol in each logistic unit allows the physical movement of units to be matched with the electronic flow of information (EDI messages) that refer to them.

The use of the SSCC for the identification of individual logistic units enables the implementation of a variety of applications, like cross-docking, shipment and automatic reception.

Extra information, such as the data of expiry dates, batches, shipment numbers, and locations (GLN’s), among others, can also be shown and barcode in the GS1 Logistics Label.

The SSCC acts as a single, global identifier and provides access to the information stored in the information systems, and may be transferred through EDI.

Figure 6. Examples of SSCC logistic units’ identification (pallets)

Note: The SSCC’s serial reference component provides a very extensive numeric capacity,

also guaranteeing a unique global identification.

SSCC 1

356012345600000016

SSCC 2

356012345600000023

SSCC 3

356012345600000030

(00)356012345600000016

In GS1 Barcode: GS1-128



5.1. Using SSCC advantages (ISO 15459)

A SSCC acts as a « License Plate » from the ISO standards. In fact, ISO defined this standard to give to each transport unit a unique identification worldwide. This standard allows every party in the supply chain to work with multiple sectors by ensuring that each transport unit has an

unambiguous identification.

As logistic units are handled by several parties - the sender, the receiver, one or more carriers, customs authorities, etc., there is a need to identify the unit so that reference can be made to associated information such as address, order number, contents of the unit, weight, sender, etc. The information is often held on computer systems and may be exchanged between parties

involved via EDI (Electronic Data Interchange).

There are considerable benefits if the identity of the unit is represented in barcode format, or

other RFID tag, and is attached to the unit so that:

• It can be read electronically, thus minimizing errors • One identity can be used by all parties • Each party can use the identity to look up its computer files to find the data associated

with the unit and the identify code is unique and cannot appear on any other item during the lifetime of the unit

5.2. Good practices for SSCC allocation

As already stated the SSCC is the only compulsory data on the logistic label, and normally it will

be created by the company that is constructing the logistic unit. The best practice is that the

creator of logistic unit should use its own GS1 Company Prefix.

If the logistic unit is not marked/identified with a SSCC when it is received, the subsequent party in the supply chain may and should allocate the SSCC. This party can be:

• Shipper

• Carrier or Freight Forwarder • Logistics Services Provider

• Distribution Centre

• …

This way logistic units must be identified in a standardized way using a SSCC so that it can be the key to logistical traceability.

If logistic unit is not broken or merged, it is recommended to maintain the initial SSCC throughout

the supply chain. If logistic unit is broken and then reconstituted or merged, it is a new logistic unit. In that case, the party who create the new logistic unit must create a new SSCC and must record and manage link between the initial SSCCs and the new one(s).

5.2.1. SSCC management and traceability throughout the supply chain

The important point to note is that the SSCC should remain the same for the whole lifetime of a logistic unit. In practical life, the SSCC is allocated when the logistic unit is built.

For example: Products are manufactured, assembled and stored on pallets in the production plant. Normally the pallet label included the SSCC is applied to the pallet at the end of the

production line. The SSCC remains on the pallet unit until the pallet is split e.g. in a warehouse or at the retailer.

The logistic unit may contain one or more labels with the same SSCC. But under no circumstances there must be different SSCC on the same logistic units simultaneously. From a traceability point of view, keeping the same SSCC on the logistic unit through the whole supply chain, gives all parties a common and unique reference back to the origin of the logistic unit who is responsible for the products.



This solution is cost efficient since the same label may be used without any cost of relabeling of the logistic units. Of course, the customer and carrier information may change through the supply

chain, and some additional labelling must be done related to this information. Furthermore, using the same SSCC enables transparent EDI messages through the supply chain e.g. by use of dispatch advice.

Figure 7. Use of the SSCC in the supply chain

In the above figure, the importer (Customer or the Logistics Service Provider) receives the logistic

unit from the supplier with the original label and SSCC and receives also a dispatch advice containing the same SSCC and a specification of the products within the logistic unit. When shipping the logistic unit to the retailer (Distribution Centre or directly to a Shop), the importer (Customer or the Logistics Service Provider) can use the same supplier section of the logistic label (if no items were added to or removed from the logistic unit), but have to add new customer and carrier information. He may also redirect the dispatch advice related to the information of

the logistic unit.

Reverse logistic needs also occur in the supply chain, e.g. food crises where recalls or withdraws are to be made. For these situations it is easier to ensure the logistic unit traceability when it keeps the same SSCC.

The SSCC is the basic identification system for the logistic units. ERP-systems should be constructed in a way that must prevent duplicates of the SSCC’s.

Note: Under no circumstances two different logistic units can have the same SSCC simultaneously.

Figure 8. Maintaining the SSCC throughout the supply chain

Importer

(Customer or the Logistics Service

Provider)

Retailer

(Distribution Center

Or Shop)



6. GS1-128 Symbology (EAN/UCC 128) The GS1-128 barcode symbol has been carefully designed through joint co-operation between GS1 and the Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility, Inc. (AIM Global).

Use of GS1-128 barcode symbols provides a high degree of security and distinguishes GS1 System Element Strings (data fields) from extraneous non-standard barcode symbols.

The GS1-128 symbology is used for GS1 Logistics Labels. This symbology, which is used exclusively for GS1 System defined data structures, is a highly refined, secure, and space efficient alphanumeric symbology. The data carried by GS1-128 symbols must be structured using GS1

Application Identifiers (AIs). This symbology is the only one to encode the Serial Shipping

Container Code (SSCC).

Through GS1-128 it is possible to encode and capture additional data, for example referring to products. With this symbology is possible to integrate data such as expiry dates, production batches numbers, quantities, weights, amongst other relevant data for the daily operations of organizations. However, the data encoded in GS1-128 symbology varies according to the type of product.

Note: The technical structure of GS1-128 symbology is detailed in Appendix 1.

6.1. GS1-128 Symbology main benefits

The main benefits associated to GS1-128 symbology came out from the use of the same barcode

by all parties involved in the supply chain, greatly facilitating communication and collaboration between partners, given that, they all use the same language.

So, this symbology enables the requests follow-up through the SSCC leading to traceability, to the introduction of complementary product information and enables the concatenation of the data in the various companies’ management systems.

In short, if GS1-128 symbology is correctly applied will provide gains through reduction of the order cycle, which, ultimately, leads to an increase in productivity.

Figure 9. Example of a SSCC encoded in GS1-128 symbology

SSCC: 356098760000000129

(00)356098760000000129



6.2. Application Identifiers (AI)

So that the system can recognize data that is encoded in GS1-128 barcodes, Application Identifiers (AI’s) are used. AI’s are small, pre-defined elements that are inserted in the sequence data of the barcode lines and which provide information on the meaning and format of the data

that follow them.

AI’s work as a list of generic codes of data fields for multiple sectors and applications in national and international supply chains. Each GS1 AI is comprised from two to four digits and provides the definition, format and structure of the data fields encoded in a GS1-128 barcode.

Each information encoded in GS1-128 must have an Application Identifier that determines the data, its format and structure. Concatenation is an effective means to include various Application Identifiers in a single barcode and should be used to save space on the label and optimize the

operation of scanning/reading. GS1 Identification Keys are complemented by the GS1 Application Identifiers.

For example:

• There is a GS1 AI for each GS1 Identification Key, allowing these to be encoded in GS1-128 (e.g. GTIN, SSCC, etc.)

• Additional data are always associated to a GS1 Identification Key

• GS1 AI’s allow complementary data (e.g. batch, expiry date, etc.) associated to the GS1

Identification Keys

According to the type of data to be encoded there is a specific structure for the use of the different Application Identifiers. Each AI can be formed by two, three or four digits, followed by the corresponding data field.

For example:

• AI (00) – SSCC, Format n2 + n18 (00)356012345600000012 • AI (10) – Batch, Format n2 + an..20 (10)abcd10x • AI (17) – Expiration Date, Format n2 + n6 (17)150201

Figure 10. Extract from the Application Identifiers List

Note: There are currently more than 150 Application Identifiers developed according

business partners’ needs (appendix 2).

Furthermore, the AI’s list recommended by the Portuguese business sector can be referred in the chapter “7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data”, page 21.

AI’s FULL TITLE FORMAT

00 SSCC - Serial Shipping Container Code n2 + n18

01 GTIN of the Consumer Unit / GTIN of the Dispatch Unit n2 +n14

02 GTIN of Products Contained in other units (mandatory with AI 37) n2 + n14

10 Batch Code n2 + an..20

11 Production Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6

13 Packaging Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6

15 Best Before Date (YY/MM/DD) (best by)

n2 + n6

17 Expiration Date (YY/MM/DD) (use by) n2 + n6

37 Quantity of the trade item contained in other units (mandatory with AI 02)

n2 + n..8

400 Customer’s Purchase Order Number n3 + an..30



7. GS1-128 Logistics Label Based upon and fully compliant with the GS1 General Specifications, the GS1 Logistics Label is a Global Standard for all parties in the supply chain. This standard enables the automatic

traceability of the logistic units, whether they are pallets or cases.

This label avoids the successive relabeling of logistic units as they move through the supply chain and gives the advantage and benefit to use only one logistic label. The GS1 Logistic Label must substitute the proprietary label existing with numerous (nonstandard) proprietary formats. The GS1 logistic label contains all information necessaries for usage during reception, warehousing, shipment and transport of goods from the picking location to the delivery point.

GS1 Logistics Label implementation addresses various needs expressed by the parties involved in the supply chain. It ensures the link, the synchronization and the consistency between the physical flow of goods and the information flow through the exchange of Standardized EDI messages (enhanced by GS1 eCom Standards for the exchange of electronic messages between trade partners).

The Logistics Label is designed to accommodate the information needs of all types of good.

Below are listed the main Benefits with the GS1 Logistic Label:

• Unique worldwide identification for the logistic unit

• Significant saving of time thanks to the automatic data capture and checking of the shipment

• Faster information more precise and reliable sent to the logistic service client during the receipt thanks to the scanning of the label

• Saving of time and cost thanks to the elimination of labels successively applied by each actor in the supply chain

• Enhanced information reliability thanks to the removal of multiple transcriptions and data capture for the same information

• Linkage with the standard and international EDI messages thanks to the information which is contained in the message

• Full traceability all along the logistic chain, notably thanks to the full compatibility with the standard ISO/IEC 15459 often referred to as the ‘ISO License Plate”.

In short, the advantages obtained from using the GS1 Logistics Label are observed in full when the same Logistics Label is used from the point of manufacture until the dismantling of the pallet.

This simple procedure eliminates unnecessary manual operating processes, such as the print and apply labels to pallets. It leads to cost reductions, increased productivity and the maximization of information accuracy and quality up to its arrival to the recipient’s warehouse. It allows automatic accounting of information that the supplier sends in the receptors information system.

This last process is only possible through standardized electronic communication.



7.1. Legal Regulation

According to many legal regulations the one who offers the product on the market is responsible for its quality and safety. To offer on the market means to store and present goods to be sold to clients, to deliver them as well as any other way to introduce these goods to the market, with

only exception of direct sale.

The creator of the label must put information on the logistic label of goods subject to legal regulations.

The GS1 Logistic Label produced by the manufacturer or on his behalf should be considered as a part of the logistic unit. It should not be damaged or destroyed in any stage in the supply chain

as long as the logistic unit remains.

7.2. Party responsible for the content of the Logistic Label

In this document, the description assumes that it is the consignor of the goods that produces the

logistic label and applies it to the package. This may be the manufacturer or Logistics Service Provider. Responsibility for the correctness of all the information contained on the label is assumed to rest with the consignor.

7.3. Homogeneous Pallets

A homogeneous pallet is comprised of products of the same type, i.e. the items which make up the pallet have the same GTIN, the same expiry date and the same batch number.

In this situation, besides the identification code of the pallet (SSCC), already explained, it is possible to encode additional data in a barcode. Data like the GTIN, and if there is an expiry date or a batch number, etc. can be applied directly after the consolidation of a logistic unit (usually

a pallet).

Each logistic unit should have its own SSCC as a unique identification code. Bear in mind that a logistic unit may carry one or more labels, but only one SSCC according to the GS1 System Standard.

Note: A SSCC can be reused one year after it was created if this will not cause any problems. Some specific regulatory, industry organization specific or traceability

requirements may extend this period.

7.3.1. GS1 Logistics Label structure (Homogeneous Pallets)

The GS1 Logistics Label is made up from three blocks:

• The lowest block contains the barcode information

• The middle block contains human readable information reflecting barcoded data (as a

safeguard if the barcode cannot be decoded)

• The top block is a free format “text box” usually used for addresses, logos, etc.



Figure 11. GS1 Logistics Label

Note: As seen in the GS1 Logistics Label above, it is divided in three blocks. Having all the information organized into a standard format and into three separate sections make it easier to interpret the information and process the associated units, either automatically or manually.

(01)15601234567899(10)1061

(00)356067890000000154

SSCC

356067890000000154 GTIN

15601234567899 Batch

1061

GS1-128 Barcode

Human Readable Interpretation

Free text

Data title

Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar Edifício K3 1649-038 Lisboa

Top

Blo

ck M

idd

le B

ock

Low

est B

lock

Human Readable Interpretation



7.3.1.1. Top Block

The top block contains free format information (Plain/Free Text) that has no barcode symbol equivalent and is entirely at the discretion of the labeler. This may include company specific codes or any other type of information. Companies often put their company name in this block.

7.3.1.2. Middle Block

O The middle block is comprised by human readable interpretation equivalent to data elements represented in barcode symbols. The information is text designed to support manual operations

and to facilitate key entry in menu driven systems, if necessary.

Regarding data content:

✓ The entire barcoded data must be given in Human Readable Interpretation

✓ The data content should be at least 7 mm in height

✓ Application Identifiers (AIs) are not included in Human Readable Interpretation and are

replaced by the data titles

Example: (00) 356067890000000154 by: SSCC 356067890000000154

Regarding data title, it is important to understand the following aspects:

• Data titles are the standard abbreviated descriptions of data fields used to denote the Human Readable Interpretation of encoded data

• They are prefixes of the Human Readable Interpretation to support manual interpretation of data fields. They can also be used adjacent to other text or barcode symbols to clarify content, such as the word “from” adjacent to a sender’s address

• Data titles should be used in English as specified in the ‘GS1 General Specifications’. In addition, data titles can be provided in the local language of the creator of the logistic unit

if necessary

• Other text information may be added that refers directly to the logistic unit

Note: The data titles can be consulted in the AI’s List (appendix 2).

7.3.1.3. Lowest Block

The lower block contains the GS1-128 barcodes that represent the data shown in the middle

block.

However, it should also have human readable interpretation essentially for the following points:

• As a backup key entry and diagnostic aid, a Human Readable Interpretation of each

barcode symbol shall be provided. It includes Application Identifiers and data content

• To facilitate key entry, Application Identifiers (AIs) should be set apart from the data by

parentheses

• The Human Readable Interpretation characters shall be no less than 3 mm high and clearly

legible below the symbol

Note: The brackets should not be encoded in the GS1-128 barcodes. A verification process

should be carried out to ensure the quality of symbol decoding.



7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data

The SSCC is applied in the Logistics Label as the unique identifier of the logistic unit, being the only obligatory data regardless of the product category.

It should also always be encoded in GS1-128 barcode and shown in numeric format. Thanks to the automatic capture of the SSCC code, the parties involved in the supply chain can ensure the logistic units traceability.

Other data can be used depending on the market needs, such as identification of the product (GTIN), batches, best before date, order number, etc.

The list of Application Identifiers (AI) below illustrates the identifiers recommended by the

Portuguese business sector and GS1 to encode data related with products of 7 different categories:

• Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)

• Fruit and vegetables

• Cured meat products

• Fish

• Meat

• Electronic

• OTC Pharmacy

Notes: Regarding table shown in figure 12 below, it is important to take into consideration

that:

a) Only one Application Identifier AI (01) or AI (02) can be use in the same barcode.

When AI (02) is applied, AI (37) and AI (00) are mandatory.

b) Only one Application Identifier AI (15) or AI (17) should be used. To indicate only Year

and Month, the Day (DD) should be filled in with "00".

c) The fourth digit of this AI indicates the position of the decimal place

d) Applied only together with AI (02)

e) The country identification defined in the Standard ISO 3166 is applied

f) (s) Indicates the sequence of the processor in the supply chain

➔ There are currently more than 140 Application Identifiers developed according business partners’ needs (appendix 2).

Considerations for data encoding in GS1 Logistics Label:

• Maximum of 48 characters, per barcode line up to a maximum width limit of 165mm

• Fixed data fields should be placed to the left of the barcode (e.g. GTIN, Experition date)

• The SSCC should be placed in the lowest barcode line



Figure 12. Table of Application Identifiers recommended by the Portuguese business sector and by GS1 Portugal

AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT FMCG

Fruit and

vegetables

Cured meat

products Fish Meat Electronics Parapharmacy

00 SSCC - Serial Shipping Container Code n2 + n18 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

01 (a) GTIN of the Consumer Unit / GTIN of the Dispatch Unit n2 +n14 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

02 (a) GTIN of the Products Contained in other units

(mandatory with AI 37) n2 + n14 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

10 Batch Code n2 + an..20 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

11 (b) Production Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6 ● ● ●

13 (b) Packaging Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6 ● ● ●

15 (b) Best Before Date (YY/MM/DD)

(best by) n2 + n6 ● ● ● ● ● ●

17 (b) Expiration Date (YY/MM/DD) (use by) n2 + n6 ● ● ● ● ● ●

21 Serial Number n2 + an..20 ● ●

251 Reference to Source Entity n3 + an..30 ●

30 Variable Count n2 + n..8 ● ● ● ●

310(n) (c) Net Weight (Kilograms) n4 + n6 ● ● ● ●

330(n) (c) Gross Weight (Kilograms) n4 + n6 ● ● ●

37 (d) Quantity of the trade item contained in other units

(mandatory with AI 02) n2 + n..8 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

400 Customer’s Purchase Order Number n3 + an..30 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

422 Country of Origin of the Trade Item (ISO-3166) n3 + n3 ● ● ● ● ● ●

423 Country of Initial Processing n3 + n..15 ●

425 Country of Disassembly n3+n3 ●

426 Country covering full process chain n3 + n3 ●

7005 Catch Area (FAO) n4 + an…12 ●

7006 First Freeze Date n4 + n6 ● ●

7007 Harvest Date (start date and end date) (YY/MM/DD) n4 + n12 ● ●

7008 FAO Code of Fish Species n4 + an..3 ●

7009 Fishing Gear Type n4 + an..10 ●

7010 Production method n4 + an..2 ●

703(s) (e); (f)

Processor Approval Number with ISO Country Code n4 + n3 + an..27

●

8002 Electronic Serial Number for Cellular Mobile Telephones n4 + an..20 ●

Key:

n – Numeric Characters n.. – Numeric Characters up to an.. - Alphanumeric up to



7.3.3. Portuguese Nacional Market good practices and examples

Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)

Figure 13. Bacardi Martini Portugal Logistics Label example



Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)

Figure 14. Danone Portugal Logistics Label example



Fruit and vegetables

Figure 15. XPTO Produção e Comercialização de Produtos Agrícolas Logistics Label example



Cured meat products

Figure 16. Nobre Alimentação Logistics Label example



Meat

Figure 17. Desmanchas Portuguesas Logistics Label example



7.3.4. Logistics label dimensions

The business requirements for most users of GS1 Logistic Labels are met by using one of following:

1) A6 (105 mm x 148 mm) – 4 x 6 inch, which is particularly suitable when only the SSCC,

or the SSCC and limited additional data, is encoded

or

2) A5 (148 mm x 210 mm) – 6 x 8 inch

However, the label can be any size that suits the labeler’s requirements, but it must be large enough to carry all the information required together with the GS1-128 barcodes. Factors

influencing label sizes include the amount and a type of data required the content and X-dimensions of the barcode symbols used, and the dimensions of the logistic unit to be labelled.

Observe the following figure which illustrates the correct dimensions to be adopted:

Figure 18. A6 Logistics Label dimensions examples

Rua Dr. Renato Paes de Barros, 14º andar 04530-001 S. Paulo

Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar 1649-038 Lisboa



7.4. Heterogeneous Pallets

Heterogeneous or mixed pallets are logistic units comprising items with different specifications, meaning that is a pallet that includes different products and references which have different GTIN’s, expiry dates, batch numbers, etc.

Each logistic unit should have its own SSCC, as a unique identification code. Bear in mind that a logistic unit may carry one or more labels, but only one SSCC. The GS1 Standard recommends that independently of being homogeneous or heterogeneous a specific logistic unit should only have one SSCC.

Note: A pallet with the same item reference but with different batch numbers should be

considered as a heterogeneous pallet.

7.4.1. GS1 Logistics Label Structure (Heterogeneous Pallets)

A heterogeneous pallet should contain only a label with the SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.

Information regarding the composition of the logistic unit should be sent beforehand via EDI

through a shipment advice message (DESADV in GS1 EANCOM® or Dispatch Advice in GS1 XML®) at the time of shipment.

After physical reception procedure logistic unit reception confirmation should be made through the Receiving Advice message (RECADV in GS1 EANCOM® or Receiving Advice in GS1 XML®).

SSCC:356098760000000129

(00)356098760000000129

Supplier Code: 56892100 XPT Distribuition Center National Road 123 Km 4,7

Free text

Humanamente Readable Interpretation

GS1-128 Barcode

Figure 19. Heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example



7.4.2. Recommendation for the National Market (Heterogeneous

Pallets)

All the recommendations described throughout this chapter come from the System of GS1 Standards aligned with the needs of the Portuguese market and in accordance with the work undertaken by the “GS1-128 Work Group”.

Some of the solutions defined in this chapter may not fully meet the GS1 Standard. However, they were developed by the national Work Group based on the local needs and defined as a recommendation and national good business practice.

The Work Group participants represent the national supply chain different business partners from Producers, to Retailers, accounting also for Logistics Operators and Distributors.

The Work Group’s mission is to standardize and create the best business practices for the use of

the GS1 Logistics Label, as well as the GS1 standardized of EDI messages.

7.4.2.1. Indivisible Heterogeneous Pallets

When a heterogeneous pallet undergoes cross-docking, it is recommended the usage of one unique SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.

Further information regarding identification of the products (GTIN’s), batches and expiry dates should be sent beforehand through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.

7.4.2.2. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets

When a heterogeneous pallet received in the distribution center has products with different final destinations (e.g. different shops), it is called a multiple destination pallet.

In this physical flow (multiple destination pallets) the products are received, checked and

separated by different destinations, and in this case, there is no storage for the them.

In this situation and accordance with the needs of the national market different scenarios and recommendations for the use of the Logistics Labels can be found:

• Scenario 1: GS1 Logistics Label – Unique SSCC on pallet

• Scenario 2: Several GS1 Logistics Labels – SSCC per columns of products

• Scenario 3: Packing list

• Scenario 4: Individual case identification and GS1 barcoding

Free text

GS1-128 Barcode

GS1-128 Barcode

Figure 20. Cross-docking heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example (national market)



Figure 21. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 1

7.4.2.2.1. Scenario 1: GS1 Logistics Label – Unique SSCC on pallet

1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of GS1 Logistics Label for – Heterogeneous Pallets.

2) The label should contain the SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.

3) In the pallet should be separated by reference and conditioning in columns. In this scenario

each product reference is restricted to the use of a single batch number.

4) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates

shall be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.

Note: Restriction to a single batch number per reference on the pallet helps to guarantee

products traceability.

7.4.2.2.2. Scenario 2: Several GS1 Logistics Labels – SSCC per columns of products

1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of GS1 Logistics Label for – Homogeneous

Pallets.

2) Products in the pallet should be separated by reference and conditioning in columns. If there

are different batches of the same product (in the same pallet), they should also be separated

by batch and conditioning in columns.

3) Each product column should carry a GS1 Logistics Label with the proposed structure for

Homogeneous Pallets.

4) The information regarding products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers, expiry dates

and SSCC’s shall be encoded in GS1-128 barcodes.


can be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.

Note: In the case of use of an EDI shipment advice, the SSCC has to be strictly encoded

in an autonomous barcode line.

GS1 Logistics Label (Heterogeneous Pallets)




7.4.2.2.3. Scenario 3: Packing list

1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of a packing list to accompany the

multiple destination heterogeneous pallet (see Figure 24. Scenario 3: Packing list structure

for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet, page 34).

2) Products in the pallet should be separated by reference and conditioning in columns. If there

are different batches of the same product (in the same pallet), they should also be separated

by batch and packed in columns.

3) The packing list should contain the SSCC and the product information encoded in GS1-128 barcodes. Each product reference, separated and conditioning in columns, should correspond

to each section identified in the packing list (see Figure 24. Scenario 3: Packing list structure for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet, page 34).

4) The packing list can be comprised of one or more A4 sheets, according to the number of

products/columns present in the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet.

5) It is recommended that packing list have a maximum 8 product references per sheet

6) The sections identified in the packing list should match the columns arrangement in the pallet.

7) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates can be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.

GS1 Logistics Label (Homogeneous Pallets)

Packing list (Heterogeneous Pallets)




To

p B

lock

(T

itle)

Lo

west B

lock

Free Text

Title of Data

Human Readable Interpre.

GS1-128 Barcode

(00)356097610034774088

(02)0560112368642(15)151218(37)10(10)ABC

(02)15601055008540(15)161020(37)5(10)ADZ

(00)356097610034774095

(02)15601055008540(15)161020(37)9(10)AXX

(00)35609761003474149

(02)15601055091047(15)151222(37)25(10)1305

(00)356097610034774101

Product B: Product Descriptiom

GTIN: 0560112368642

Expiration Date: 18/12/2015

Batch: ABC

QTY: 10 Cases

SSCC: 356097610034774088

Product A: Product Description

GTIN: 15601055091047


Batch: 1305

QTY: 25 Cases

SSCC: 35609761003474149

GS1 Portugal – Estrada do Paço do Lumiar,

Campus do Lumiar, Edifício K3 1649-038 Lisboa

Destionation Adress: Estrada Nacional 123

Km 4,7 Customer Name: Centro de Distribuição ABC

Product C: Product Description

GTIN: 15601055008540


Batch: AXX

QTY: 9 Cases

SSCC: 356097610034774095

Product D: Product Description

GTIN: 15601055008540


Batch: ADZ

QTY: 5 Cases

SSCC: 356097610034774101

Figure 24. Packing list structure for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet – Scenario 3

Note:

• Minimum height of GS1-128 barcode lines should be 12mm.

1st S

ectio

n (

Co

lum

n)

2n

d Sectio

n

3rd S

ectio

n

4th S

ectio

n



7.4.2.2.4. Scenario 4: Individual case identification and barcoding

1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of GS1 Logistic Label with the proposed structure for Heterogeneous Pallets.

2) The (pallet) label should contain only the SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.

3) The structure of the GS1 Logistics Label for transport cases should be used on all the cases

(refer to chapter “7.5 Transport Cases”, page 35).


should be encoded in GS1-128 barcode and attached to each product case.


shall be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.


GS1 Logistics Label (Transport Cases)

GS1 Logistics Label (Heterogeneous Pallets)



7.5. Transport Boxes

A “Logistics Label” can be placed on transport cases whenever there is the need to capture product additional data, e.g. a batch number, an expiry date, the weight, or country of origin.

The set of data to be encoded and which information is necessary for the traceability purpose

may vary from sector to sector (e.g. in the meat, fish and fresh vegetables sectors). These are products that can accounted in fixed measures (GTIN use) or weight variable measures (RCN usage).

All the information’s contained in the Logistics Label of the case should be encoded in GS1-128 barcode, and the use of Application Identifiers (AI’s) is recommended.

Notes:

• For further information on dimensions and encoding rules for both ITF-14 and GS1-128

barcodes, please consult the latest GS1 General Specifications.

• There are currently more than 150 Application Identifiers developed by GS1 in

accordance with the needs of the market and general regulations (appendix 2).

• The AI’s list recommended by the Portuguese business sector is available in the chapter

“7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data”, page 23.

Free text & Human Readable Interpretation

GS1-128 Barcode

Name: Batata Branca Nova Net Weight: 7,500Kg

GTIN: 95608951007840 Batch: AE505

Order Number: 2562305 Origin: Portugal

(01)95608951007840(3103)007500(10)AE505

(422)620(400)2562305

Figure 26. Example of a label for transport boxes



7.6. Placement of the Logistics Label

The recommendations that follow apply to all logistic units, such as pallets, parcels or boxes. As a rule, for correct transportation and storage, the logistic label with barcode should be placed on at least one of the sides of the logistic unit. However, it is recommended that two logistic labels,

with the same information and data content, should be placed on two contiguous sides, in the following situations:

• The printing process make it cost effective (e.g. pre-printed corrugated cartons)

• The supply chain requirement is that one symbol is always visible (e.g. the pallets that are stored either longer or short edge facing

7.6.1. On Pallets

For all types of pallets, including full pallets containing individual trade items and single trade items, (such as a fridge or a dishwashing machine), the recommended height for the placement of the bottom of barcode is between 400 mm and 800 mm from the base of the pallet. For pallets that are less than 400 mm high, the barcode should be placed as high as possible.

The symbol, including its quite zones, should be at least 50 mm from any vertical edge, in order

to avoid damage to it.

Below is an example of placement of the logistic label on the pallet:

Note: There is no regulation that specify where the labels should be placed – on the left, in the middle or to the right of the logistic unit – but, as most forklift operators are right-handed, it is more correct from an ergonomic point of view, that the scanning/reading is done when the labels are placed to the right of each side.

Figure 27. GS1 Logistics Label placement on pallets



7.6.2. On Transport Boxes

On boxes (shipment units), symbol placement may vary slightly. However, the ideal placement for the base of the barcode is 32 mm from the natural base of the item. The symbol, including its quiet zones, should be at least 19 mm from any vertical edge, in order to avoid damage to it.

For smaller packages, which can be sorted automatically in a conveyor, the label should be placed on the largest surface.

In the following image you can see an example of label placement on the transport box:

Figure 28. GS1 Logistics Label placement on transport boxes

Note: For the labelling of shipping units of a single type of product, the corresponding

GTIN is the primary key for the identification and SSCC is not contemplated. The SSCC should be applied only to mixed products boxes.

Minimum 19 mm

32 mm Recommended

SSCC



7.7. Quality Test

To verify whether a symbol meets the specifications of the GS1 System, it shall be tested using the specification defined in Standard ISO/IEC 15416, which details the conditions under which measurements shall be made. The specification defines methods of determining an overall quality

grade based on the attributes of the barcode and determining its conformity with the system.

The stages of the test including all the verifications are:

1 - Check that the barcode has been correctly assembled

2 - Barcode symbol test to examine the X-dimension, ratio and symbol height

3 - Label quality test inspection after a subject to a transport simulation

4 - Visual control of the layout and information content against the specifications

In some cases, it is recommended to perform the tests for different goods handling environments.

In this context it should be stated that the data and the good printing quality are extremely important. Any faulty data, label or data that cannot be scanned/read is as good as no label and

may lead to considerable business problems. There is no relevant legislation on this issue but usually this type of negligence is penalized by the market.

Note: GS1 Portugal performs quality tests and provides technical assistance services. Contact GS1 Portugal directly by calling +351 217 520 740 or consult www.gs1pt.org.



8. Appendix 1 – GS1 Technical Components

8.1. GTIN

The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) clearly identifies any item (products or services) that can

be sold, ordered or invoiced at any point of the supply chain. The GTIN’s main function is to offer a single, unique distinct identification, so that it can be located in any database, for example, to obtain a price, record a sale, confirm delivery or identify an order, at any point of the supply chain, anywhere in the world. If the product undergoes a change in size, color, weight,

description, etc. a new GTIN is created that corresponds to a new trade item.

Each trade item that is different from another is assigned a unique GTIN.

The format of the GTIN-13 is as follows:

The format of the GTIN-14 is as follows:

Logistic Variable – The Logistic Variable is only used in GTIN-14 (identify transport cases/boxes) to differentiate the different levels of packaging of the same product, with values 1 to 8 for fixed measure trade items and 9 for variable measure trade items. It is allocated by the company.

GS1 Company Prefix – The GS1 Company Prefix is unique for each company. It consists of the Local Member Organization (MO) Prefix (560 for GS1 Portugal) and the Company Number (in Portugal 4 to 8 digits variable, depending on the number of references to encode), which is assigned to each system user, by GS1 MO.

Item Reference – The Item Reference usually holds 1 to 5 digits depending on the size of GS1

Company Prefix. The Item Reference is a non-significant number, meaning, that the individual digits should not relate with any kind of classification and by themselves convey no information. GS1 recommends the assignment to be done sequential, e.g. 000, 001, 002, 003 etc.

Check Digit – The Check Digit is used to verify that the full identification number – GTIN in this

case – is correctly composed. It is calculated based upon the preceding 12 digits for GTIN-13 or upon the preceding 13 digits for GTIN-14, using a GS1 algorithm. Check Digit can be calculated

in GS1 Portugal website: www.gs1pt.org

GS1 Company Prefix Item Reference Check Digit

N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13

Logistic Variable

GS1 Company Prefix Item Reference Check Digit

N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14

http://www.gs1pt.org/



Database and GS1-128 barcode GTIN representation

GTIN is a unique identification number for trade item. Such exclusivity is achieved regardless of

the number structure and the barcode symbology where is encoded. The GTIN that is stored in databases or encoded in GS1-128 barcodes should always be represented by a fixed data field of 14 digits.

In 14 positions field, the digits should be right justified and for GTIN-13 a leading zero should be used for the remaining position. The GTIN is the access key to all data related to a trade item that is stored in a database or encoded in GS1-128.

It is necessary to create hierarchical links between trade items, i.e. between consumer unit and

all trade items containing that specific consumer unit – family items.

8.2. RCN

The RCN identifies consumer units of variable measures which are characterized by having attributes that normally may vary in two ways: products with variable weight and products of variable quantity.

So, a product of variable weight is one which, according to its production process or its nature, does not have a fixed weight. Certain presentations of products like fish, meat, cheese, fruit and vegetables, etc., can be consumer units with variable measures.

The format of the RCN from a producer/manufacture responsibility is as follows:

GTIN – Global Trade Item Number

GTIN Data Structure hold on a Database

GTIN-13 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13

GTIN-14 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14

GTIN Data Structure conveyed on GS1-128 barcode

IA (01) GTIN-13 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13

IA (01) or IA (02)

GTIN-14 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14

Price Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by GS1 Portugal)

Item Price (Euros)

Check Digit

2 7 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 € € €, € € N13

Weight Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by GS1 Portugal)

Item Net Weight (Kilograms)

Check Digit

2 9 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 P P, P P P N13



The format of the RCN from a retailer responsibility is as follows:

GS1 Portugal is responsible for identifying (attributing a number) to products of variable weight or quantity that are managed by producers/manufactures.

Then, following the GS1 Standard for national barcoding (Portugal) products of variable weight or quantity, producers will be responsible for encoding (marking with a barcode) their products individually, according to the numbers given by GS1 Portugal.

For retailers that wish to tell to producers/manufactures the code numbers (retailer internal reference) to use within their premises or who have own brands, the processes of identification

(numbering) and marking (barcoding), becomes of their entirely responsibility.

Portuguese legislation requires, in the retail trade, that each unit of products of variable weight displayed for sale to be clearly marked with the price per kilo, weight and the amount to be paid by the end consumer.

The encoding solutions for variable measure products (weight or quantity) are national solutions and should not be used when the products are intended for export (for other

country rather than Portugal).

Companies that wish to export their products should take in consideration the proposed solutions in the destination countries. To do so, GS1 Portugal-CODIPOR provides support to help implement the solutions in each country.

Price Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by Retailer)

Item Price (Euros)

Check Digit

2 6 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 € € €, € € N13

Weight Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by Retailer)

Item Net Weight (Kilograms)

Check Digit

2 8 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 P P, P P P N13



8.3. SSCC

The SSCC is the GS1 unique identification number specifically developed for the logistic units identification – items of any composition such as pallets, containers or cases – going through the supply chain. SSCC is a subset of ISO/IEC 15459 standard.

The SSCC is a worldwide unique number for the logistic unit identification. The complete numeric structure of the SSCC improves the safety and precision of data.

The format of the SSCC is as follows:

Extension Digit

GS1 Company Prefix

Serial Reference

Check Digit

N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 N17 N18

Extension Digit – The Extension Digit is used to increase the capacity of the SSCC. It has the values 0 to 9 and has no meaning. It is allocated by the company.

GS1 Company Prefix – The GS1 Company Prefix is unique for each company. It consists of the Local Member Organization (MO) Prefix (560 for GS1 Portugal) and the Company Number, which

is assigned to each system user, by GS1 MO.

Serial Reference – The Unique Serial Reference Number is allocated by the company to identify its shipments (logistic units). The structure and content of the Serial Reference is at the discretion of the system user, company, responsible for its assignment. The easiest way to assign the serial

number is make it sequential, e.g. (for GS1 Company Prefix with 7 digits) 000000000, 000000001, 000000002, etc.

Check Digit – The Check Digit is used to verify that the full identification number – SSCC in this case – is correctly composed. It is calculated based upon the preceding 17 digits, using a GS1 algorithm. Check Digit can be calculated in GS1 Portugal website: www.gs1pt.org

Reuse of the SSCC

The GS1 General Specifications explains:

“The SSCC element string AI (00) is used for the identification of logistic units (see section 3). Each individual logistic unit is allocated a unique number, which remains the same for the life of the logistic unit. When assigning an SSCC, the rule is that an individual SSCC number must not be reallocated within one year of the shipment date from the SSCC assignor to a trading partner.

However, prevailing regulatory or industry organization specific requirements may extend this period”.

http://www.gs1pt.org/



8.4. GS1-128 Symbology

The GS1-128 Symbology is a subset of the more general Code 128 Symbology. As defined by ISO/IEC 15417, the use of the Function 1 symbol character (FNC1) in Code 128 Symbols in the first symbol character position following the Start Character has been reserved exclusively for

the GS1 System.

General structure of the GS1-128 is as follows:

Where:

S – Start Character

F1 – Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1)

IA – Application Identifier

C – Symbol Check Character

E – Stop Character

Start Character

Start characters A, B and C define the corresponding code set to be used initially in the symbol.

• The Stop character is common in all code sets.

• The decoder shall not transmit Start or Stop characters

Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1)

GS1-128 Symbology uses the Function 1 symbol character (FNC1) in the position following the Start Character. This double start pattern is reserved for GS1 System applications worldwide. This makes it possible to distinguish GS1-128 Barcode Symbols from other non-standard barcode symbols.

This special Start Character differentiates GS1-128 Barcode Symbols from the more generalized Code 128 Symbols.

The Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1) is a symbology element used to form the double start

pattern of a GS1-128 barcode symbol. It is also used to separate certain concatenated data fields (Element Strings), dependent on their positioning in the barcode symbol (e.g. identifying the end of variable length fields).

• Placed following the Start Character: this double start pattern (start character + FNC1)

is reserved for GS1 System applications worldwide. This makes it possible to distinguish

GS1-128 barcode symbols from other non-standard barcodes symbols. This FNC1

character is encoded in the barcode.

• As a separator: all variable length data fields must be followed by a FNC1 separator

when followed by another data field in a single barcode symbol. An FNC1 is not required

at the end of the last element string represented in a GS1-128 barcode symbol. This

FNC1 corresponds to the character 29 (<GS>) of the ASCII table.

S F1 IA 1 Data (F1) IA 2 Data C E



Size of the GS1-128 symbol in Logistics Labels

The X-dimension is the specified width of the narrowest element in a barcode symbol. The GS1 General Specifications allow for GS1-128 barcodes to be printed with an x-dimension range of 0.495 mm to 0.94 mm when they are used on logistics labels. This upper limit ensures that a GS1-128 barcode encoding an SSCC is no wider than 165 mm, the maximum allowed. For companies using A5 sized labels with a width of 148 mm, the practical maximum x-dimension for this barcode is 0.84 mm.

The target x-dimension for symbols used on the logistics label is 0.495 mm (0.0195 in.), and

users may choose larger x-dimensions subject to the limits mentioned above. Scanning systems work more effectively if all the barcodes have similar X-dimensions.

The target symbol height is 32 mm (1.25 in.) and does not include the Human Readable Interpretation.

Careful consideration should be given to the expected scanning environment where reading takes place, given that dirty environments hamper barcode performance.

Attention: For further information on the quality of printing, consult the latest GS1

General Specifications.



9. Appendix 2 – Application Identifiers List and

Relationships

Figure 29. Application Identifiers by numeric order

AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT (a) FNC1 DATA TITLE

00 Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC) N2+N18 SSCC

01 Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) N2+N14 GTIN

02 GTIN of contained trade items N2+N14 CONTENT

10 Batch or lot number N2+X..20 (FNC1) BATCH/LOT

11 (b) Production date (YYMMDD) N2+N6 PROD DATE

12 (b) Due date (YYMMDD) N2+N6 DUE DATE

13 (b) Packaging date (YYMMDD) N2+N6 PACK DATE

15 (b) Best before date (YYMMDD) N2+N6 BEST BEFORE or

BEST BY

16 (b) Sell by date (YYMMDD) N2+N6 SELL BY

17 (b) Expiration date (YYMMDD) N2+N6 USE BY OR EXPIRY

20 Internal product variant N2+N2 VARIANT

21 Serial number N2+X..20 (FNC1) SERIAL

22 Consumer product variant N2+X..20 (FNC1) CPV

235 Third Party Controlled, Serialised Extension of

GTIN (TPX) N3+X..28 (FNC1) TPX

240 Additional product identification assigned by the manufacturer

N3+X..30 (FNC1) ADDITIONAL ID

241 Customer part number N3+X..30 (FNC1) CUST. PART NO.

242 Made-to-Order variation number N3+N..6 (FNC1) MTO VARIANT

243 Packaging component number N3+X..20 (FNC1) PCN

250 Secondary serial number N3+X..30 (FNC1) SECONDARY

SERIAL

251 Reference to source entity N3+X..30 (FNC1) REF. TO SOURCE

253 Global Document Type Identifier (GDTI) N3+N13+X..17 (FNC1) GDTI

254 GLN extension component N3+X..20 (FNC1) GLN EXTENSION

COMPONENT

255 Global Coupon Number (GCN) N3+N13+N..12 (FNC1) GCN

30 Variable count of items (variable measure trade

item) N2+N..8 (FNC1) VAR. COUNT

310n (c) Net weight, kilograms (variable measure trade item)

N4+N6 NET WEIGHT (kg)

311n (c) Length or first dimension, metres (variable

measure trade item) N4+N6 LENGTH (m)

312n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, metres

(variable measure trade item) N4+N6 WIDTH (m)

313n (c) Depth, thickness, height, or third dimension, metres (variable measure trade item)

N4+N6 HEIGHT (m)

314n (c) Area, square metres (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 AREA (m2)

315n (c) Net volume, litres (variable measure trade item) N4+N6 NET VOLUME (l)

316n (c) Net volume, cubic metres (variable measure trade item)

N4+N6 NET VOLUME (m3)




320n (c) Net weight, pounds (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 NET WEIGHT (lb)

321n (c) Length or first dimension, inches (variable

measure trade item) N4+N6 LENGTH (i)

322n (c) Length or first dimension, feet (variable measure

trade item) N4+N6 LENGTH (f)

323n (c) Length or first dimension, yards (variable

measure trade item) N4+N6 LENGTH (y)

324n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, inches

(variable measure trade item) N4+N6 WIDTH (i)

325n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, feet

(variable measure trade item) N4+N6 WIDTH (f)

326n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, yards

(variable measure trade item) N4+N6 WIDTH (y)

327n (c) Depth, thickness, height, or third dimension,

inches (variable measure trade item) N4+N6 HEIGHT (i)

328n (c) Depth, thickness, height, or third dimension, feet

(variable measure trade item) N4+N6 HEIGHT (f)


yards (variable measure trade item) N4+N6 HEIGHT (y)

330n (c) Logistic weight, kilograms N4+N6 GROSS WEIGHT

(kg)

331n (c) Length or first dimension, metres N4+N6 LENGTH (m), log

332n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, metres N4+N6 WIDTH (m), log


metres N4+N6 HEIGHT (m), log

334n (c) Area, square metres N4+N6 AREA (m2), log

335n (c) Logistic volume, litres N4+N6 VOLUME (l), log

336n (c) Logistic volume, cubic metres N4+N6 VOLUME (m3), log

337n (c) Kilograms per square metre N4+N6 KG PER m²

340n (c) Logistic weight, pounds N4+N6 GROSS WEIGHT

(lb)

341n (c) Length or first dimension, inches N4+N6 LENGTH (i), log

342n (c) Length or first dimension, feet N4+N6 LENGTH (f), log

343n (c) Length or first dimension, yards N4+N6 LENGTH (y), log

344n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, inches N4+N6 WIDTH (i), log

345n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, feet N4+N6 WIDTH (f), log

346n (c) Width, diameter, or second dimension, yard N4+N6 WIDTH (y), log


inches N4+N6 HEIGHT (i), log

348n (c) Depth, thickness, height, or third dimension, feet N4+N6 HEIGHT (f), log


yards N4+N6 HEIGHT (y), log

350n (c) Area, square inches (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 AREA (i2)

351n (c) Area, square feet (variable measure trade item) N4+N6 AREA (f2)

352n (c) Area, square yards (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 AREA (y2)

353n (c) Area, square inches N4+N6 AREA (i2), log

354n (c) Area, square feet N4+N6 AREA (f2), log

355n (c) Area, square yards N4+N6 AREA (y2), log

356n (c) Net weight, troy ounces (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 NET WEIGHT (t)

357n (c) Net weight (or volume), ounces (variable

measure trade item) N4+N6 NET VOLUME (oz)




360n (c) Net volume, quarts (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 NET VOLUME (q)

361n (c) Net volume, gallons U.S. (variable measure

trade item) N4+N6 NET VOLUME (g)

362n (c) Logistic volume, quarts N4+N6 VOLUME (q), log

363n (c) Logistic volume, gallons U.S. N4+N6 VOLUME (g), log

364n (c) Net volume, cubic inches (variable measure

trade item) N4+N6 VOLUME (i3)

365n (c) Net volume, cubic feet (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 VOLUME (f3)

366n (c) Net volume, cubic yards (variable measure trade

item) N4+N6 VOLUME (y3)

367n (c) Logistic volume, cubic inches N4+N6 VOLUME (i3), log

368n (c) Logistic volume, cubic feet N4+N6 VOLUME (f3), log

369n (c) Logistic volume, cubic yards N4+N6 VOLUME (y3), log

37 Count of trade items or trade item pieces

contained in a logistic unit N2+N..8 (FNC1) COUNT

390n (c) Applicable amount payable or Coupon value,

local currency N4+N..15 (FNC1) AMOUNT

391n (c) Applicable amount payable with ISO currency

code N4+N3+N..15 (FNC1) AMOUNT

392n (c) Applicable amount payable, single monetary area

(variable measure trade item) N4+N..15 (FNC1) PRICE

393n (c) Applicable amount payable with ISO currency

code (variable measure trade item) N4+N3+N..15 (FNC1) PRICE

394n (c) Percentage discount of a coupon N4+N4 (FNC1) PRCNT OFF

400 Customer's purchase order number N3+X..30 (FNC1) ORDER NUMBER

401 Global Identification Number for Consignment

(GINC) N3+X..30 (FNC1) GINC

402 Global Shipment Identification Number (GSIN) N3+N17 (FNC1) GSIN

403 Routing code N3+X..30 (FNC1) ROUTE

410 Ship to - Deliver to Global Location Number N3+N13 SHIP TO LOC

411 Bill to - Invoice to Global Location Number N3+N13 BILL TO

412 Purchased from Global Location Number N3+N13 PURCHASE FROM

413 Ship for - Deliver for - Forward to Global

Location Number N3+N13 SHIP FOR LOC

414 Identification of a physical location - Global

Location Number N3+N13 LOC No

415 Global Location Number of the invoicing party N3+N13 PAY TO

416 GLN of the production or service location N3+N13 PROD/SERV LOC

417 Party GLN N3+N13 PARTY

420 Ship to - Deliver to postal code within a single

postal authority N3+X..20 (FNC1) SHIP TO POST

421 (d) Ship to - Deliver to postal code with ISO country

code N3+N3+X..9 (FNC1) SHIP TO POST

422 (d) Country of origin of a trade item N3+N3 (FNC1) ORIGIN

423 (d) Country of initial processing N3+N3+N..12 (FNC1) COUNTRY - INITIAL

PROCESS.

424 (d) Country of processing N3+N3 (FNC1) COUNTRY -

PROCESS.

425 (d) Country of disassembly N3+N3+N..12 (FNC1) COUNTRY -

DISASSEMBLY

426 (d) Country covering full process chain N3+N3 (FNC1) COUNTRY – FULL

PROCESS

427 Country subdivision of origin N3+X..3 (FNC1) ORIGIN

SUBDIVISION




7001 NATO Stock Number (NSN) N4+N13 (FNC1) NSN

7002 (d) UN/ECE meat carcasses and cuts classification N4+X..30 (FNC1) MEAT CUT

7003 Expiration date and time N4+N10 (FNC1) EXPIRY TIME

7004 Active potency N4+N..4 (FNC1) ACTIVE POTENCY

7005 Catch area N4+X..12 (FNC1) CATCH AREA

7006 First freeze date N4+N6 (FNC1) FIRST FREEZE

DATE

7007 Harvest date N4+N6..12 (FNC1) HARVEST DATE

7008 Species for fishery purposes N4+X..3 (FNC1) AQUATIC SPECIES

7009 Fishing gear type N4+X..10 (FNC1) FISHING GEAR

TYPE

7010 Production method N4+X..2 (FNC1) PROD METHOD

7020 Refurbishment lot ID N4+X..20 (FNC1) REFURB LOT

7021 Functional status N4+X..20 (FNC1) FUNC STAT

7022 Revision status N4+X..20 (FNC1) REV STAT

7023 Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI) of an

assembly N4+X..30 (FNC1) GIAI – ASSEMBLY

703s (d);(e) Number of processor with ISO Country Code N4+N3+X..27 (FNC1) PROCESSOR # s

7040 GS1 UIC with Extension 1 and Importer index N4+N1+X3 (FNC1) UIC+EXT

710 National Healthcare Reimbursement Number

(NHRN) – Germany PZN N3+X..20 (FNC1) NHRN PZN


(NHRN) – France CIP N3+X..20 (FNC1) NHRN CIP


(NHRN) – Spain CN N3+X..20 (FNC1) NHRN CN


(NHRN) – Brasil DRN N3+X..20 (FNC1) NHRN DRN


(NHRN) – Portugal AIM N3+X..20 (FNC1) NHRN AIM

… (f) National Healthcare Reimbursement Number

(NHRN) – Country “A” NHRN N3+X..20 (FNC1) NHRN xxx

723s (e) Certification reference N4+X2+X..28 (FNC1) CERT # s

7240 Protocol ID N4+X..20 (FNC1) PROTOCOL

8001 Roll products (width, length, core diameter,

direction, splices) N4+N14 (FNC1) DIMENSIONS

8002 Cellular mobile telephone identifier N4+X..20 (FNC1) CMT No

8003 Global Returnable Asset Identifier (GRAI) N4+N14+X..16 (FNC1) GRAI

8004 Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI) N4+X..30 (FNC1) GIAI

8005 Price per unit of measure N4+N6 (FNC1) PRICE PER UNIT

8006 Identification of an individual trade item piece N4+N14+N2+N2 (FNC1) ITIP

8007 International Bank Account Number (IBAN) N4+X..34 (FNC1) IBAN

8008 Date and time of production N4+N8+N..4 (FNC1) PROD TIME

8009 Optically Readable Sensor Indicator N4+X..50 (FNC1) OPTSEN

8010 Component/Part Identifier (CPID) N4+X..30 (FNC1) CPID

8011 Component/Part Identifier serial number (CPID

SERIAL) N4+N..12 (FNC1) CPID SERIAL

8012 Software version N4+X..20 (FNC1) VERSION

8013 Global Model Number (GMN) N4+X..30 (FNC1) GMN




8017 Global Service Relation Number to identify the relationship between an organisation offering

services and the provider of services

N4+N18 (FNC1) GSRN - PROVIDER

8018

Global Service Relation Number to identify the

relationship between an organisation offering

services and the recipient of services

N4+N18 (FNC1) GSRN - RECIPIENT

8019 Service Relation Instance Number (SRIN) N4+N..10 (FNC1) SRIN

8020 Payment slip reference number N4+X..25 (FNC1) REF No

8026 Identification of pieces of a trade item (ITIP)

contained in a logistic unit N4+N14+N2+N2 (FNC1) ITIP CONTENT

8110 Coupon code identification for use in North

America N4+X..70 (FNC1) -

8111 Loyalty points of a coupon N4+N4 (FNC1) POINTS

8112 Positive offer file coupon code identification for

use in North America N4+X..70 (FNC1) -

8200 Extended Packaging URL N4+X..70 (FNC1) PRODUCT URL

90 Information mutually agreed between trading

partners N2+X..30 (FNC1) INTERNAL

91 to

99 Company internal information N2+X..90 (FNC1) INTERNAL

Notes: (a) AI Format - "n2+n6" – The first set of data referes to the length of the Aplication Identifier itself. The

second set of data referes to the structure of the data included within the AI. In relation to the FORMAT of the AI’s, the following is considered:

a = alphabetical characters n = numeric characters an = alphanumeric characters a3 = 3 alphabetical characters, fixed length data field n3 = 3 numeric characters, fixed length data field an3 = 3 alphanumeric characters, fixed length data field a..3 = up to 3 alphabetical characters, variable length data field n..3 = up to 3 numeric characters, variable length data field an..3 = up to 3 alphanumeric characters, variable length data field

(b) To indicate only Year and Month, the Day (DD) should be filled in with "00" (c) (n) Indicates the position of the decimal point.

E.g. (3103)020388 = 20,388 Kilograms or (3106)020388 = 0.020388 Kilograms (d) The country identification defined in the Standard ISO 3166 is applied (e) (s) Indicates the sequence of the processor in the supply chain

0 - Indicates the abattoir 1 - Indicates the first cutting room 2 to 9 - Indicates from the second to the ninth processing/cutting location (f) An example to illustrate future additional National Healthcare Reimbursement Numbers (NHRNs). If

additional NHRN AIs are required, a request for a new NHRN AI SHALL be made through GSMP.

Figure 30. Mandatory associations of Application Identifiers

If element string Then mandatory

associated element string

Rule

AI Designation AI

01 with

N1 = 0

GTIN of a variable

measure trade item scanned at POS

30 OR 3nnn*

The GTIN of a variable measure trade item scanned at POS SHALL occur in

combination with:

1. variable count of items; or 2. a trade measure Note: Master data will be needed to determine whether the GTIN represents a variable measure trade item scanned at POS.





Rule

AI Designation AI

01 with

N1 = 9, 02 with N1 = 9

GTIN of a variable

measure trade item not

scanned at POS

30 OR 3nnn* OR

8001

The GTIN of a variable measure trade item not scanned at POS SHALL

occur in combination with:

1. variable count of items; or 2. a trade measure; or 3. the dimensions of a roll product. Note: The first position of the GTIN is “9” for such trade items.

01 with

N1 = 9

GTIN of a custom trade

item. 242

The GTIN of a custom trade item SHALL be used in combination with the

Made-to-Order variation number.

Note: The first position of the GTIN is “9” for such trade items.

02 GTIN of contained trade

items 00 AND 37

The GTIN of contained trade items SHALL occur in combination with an

SSCC and the count of the trade items.

10 Batch/lot number 01 XOR 02 XOR 8006

XOR 8026***

Batch/lot number SHALL occur in combination with:

1. a GTIN; or 2. a GTIN of contained trade items; or 3. an ITIP 4. an ITIP of contained trade item pieces

11,

13,

15,

16, 17

Production date,

Packaging date,

Best before date,

Sell by date,

Expiration date (of a

trade item)

01 XOR 02 XOR 8006

XOR 8026***

These dates SHALL occur in combination with:


12 Due date 8020 AND 415 The due date SHALL occur in combination with the payment slip reference

number and the GLN of the invoicing party

17 Expiration date (of a

coupon) 255 The expiration date of a coupon SHALL occur in combination with the GCN.

20 Internal product variant 01 XOR 02 XOR 8006

XOR 8026***

Internal product variant SHALL occur in combination with:


21 Serial number 01 XOR 8006***

The serial number SHALL occur in combination with:

1. a GTIN; or 2. an ITIP Note: SGTIN is a common term for the combination of GTIN and serial number.

22 Consumer product

variant 01

The consumer product variant SHALL occur in combination with a GTIN of a

retail consumer trade item.

235 Third Party Controlled Serialised Extension of

GTIN

01 The Third Party Controlled Serialised Extension of GTIN SHALL occur in

combination with a GTIN of a trade item.

240 Additional product

identification 01 XOR 02 XOR 8006 XOR 8026***

The additional product identification SHALL occur in combination with:


241 Customer part number 01 XOR 02 XOR 8006

XOR 8026***

The customer part number SHALL occur in combination with:

1. the GTIN; or 2. the GTIN of contained trade items; or 3. an ITIP 4. an ITIP of contained trade item pieces





Rule

AI Designation AI

242 Made-to-Order

variation number

(01 with N1 = 9) XOR (02 with N1= 9) XOR (8006 with N1 = 9) XOR (8026 with N1 = 9) ***

The Made-to-Order variation number SHALL occur in combination with:

1. the GTIN; or 2. the GTIN of contained trade items; or 3. an ITIP 4. an ITIP of contained trade item pieces Note: The GTIN must relate to a custom trade item. The first position of the GTIN is “9” for such trade items.

243 Packaging Component

Number 01

The Packaging Component Number SHALL occur in combination with the

GTIN

250 Secondary serial

number

(01 XOR 8006***)

AND 21

The secondary serial number SHALL occur in combination with the serial

number and:

1. a GTIN; or 2. an ITIP

251 Reference to source

entity 01 XOR 8006***

The reference to source entity SHALL occur in combination with: 1. a GTIN; or

2. An ITIP

254 GLN extension

component 414

The GLN extension component SHALL occur with the Identification of a

physical location (GLN).

30 Variable count of items 01 XOR 02

The variable count of items SHALL occur with:

1. a GTIN; or 2. a GTIN of contained trade items. Note: The GTIN must relate to a variable measure trade item.

3nnn* Trade measures 01 XOR 02

Trade measures SHALL occur in combination with:


3nnn** Logistic measures 00 OR 01

Logistic measures SHALL occur in combination with:

1. an SSCC 2. a GTIN

337n Kilograms per square

metre 01 Kilograms per square metre SHALL occur in combination with a GTIN.

37 Count of units

contained

00 AND (02 XOR

8026)

The count of units contained SHALL occur in combination with the SSCC

and:

1. GTIN of contained trade items, or 2. ITIP of contained trade item pieces.

390n Amount payable –

single monetary area 8020 AND 415

The amount payable (single monetary area) SHALL occur in combination with the payment slip reference number and the GLN of the invoicing party.

390n Coupon value – single

monetary area 255

The coupon value (single monetary area) SHALL occur in combination with the Global Coupon Number.

391n Amount payable – with

ISO currency code 8020 AND 415

The amount payable (with ISO currency code) SHALL occur in combination

with the payment slip reference number and the GLN of the invoicing party.

392n

Applicable amount

payable - single

monetary unit

01 AND (30 XOR 3nnn*)

The applicable amount payable (single monetary area) SHALL occur in

combination with the GTIN and either:

1. variable count of items; or 2. a trade measure. Note: The GTIN must relate to a variable measure trade item.

393n

Applicable amount

payable – with ISO

currency code

01 AND (30 XOR

3nnn*)

The applicable amount payable (with ISO currency code) SHALL occur in

combination with the GTIN and either:

1. variable count of items; or 2. a trade measure. Note: The GTIN must relate to a variable measure trade item.

394n Percentage of a coupon 255 The percentage of a coupon SHALL occur in combination with the Global

Coupon Number.

403 Routing code 00 The routing code SHALL occur in combination with an SSCC.





Rule

AI Designation AI

415 GLN of the invoicing

party 8020

The GLN of the invoicing party SHALL occur in combination with the

payment slip reference number.

422 Country of origin 01 XOR 02 XOR 8006 XOR 8026***

The country of origin SHALL occur in combination with:


423 Country of initial

processing 01 XOR 02

The country of initial processing SHALL occur in combination with:

1. a GTIN; or 2. a GTIN of contained trade items.

424 Country of processing 01 XOR 02

The country of processing SHALL occur in combination with:


425 Country of disassembly 01 XOR 02

The country of disassembly SHALL occur in combination with:


426 Country of full

processing 01 XOR 02

The country of full processing SHALL occur in combination with:


427 Country subdivision of

origin (01 XOR 02) AND 422

The country subdivision of origin SHALL occur in combination with the

country of origin and:


7001 NATO stock number 01 XOR 02 XOR 8006 XOR 8026***

The NATO stock number SHALL occur in combination with:


7002 UN/ECE meat carcasses

and cuts classification 01 XOR 02

The UN/ECE meats carcasses and cuts classification SHALL occur in

combination with:


7003 Expiration date and

time 01 XOR 02

The expiration date and time SHALL occur in combination with:


7004 Active potency 01 AND 10 The active potency SHALL occur in combination with the batch/lot number

and the GTIN.

7005 Catch area 01 XOR 02

The catch area SHALL occur in combination with:


7006 First freeze date 01 XOR 02

The first freeze date SHALL occur in combination with:


7007 Harvest date 01 XOR 02

The harvest date SHALL occur in combination with:


7008 Species for fishery

purposes 01 XOR 02

The species for fishery purposes SHALL occur in combination with:


7009 Fishing gear type 01 XOR 02

The fishing gear type SHALL occur in combination with:


7010 Production method 01 XOR 02

The production method SHALL occur in combination with:


703(s) Number of processor 01 XOR 02

The number of processor SHALL occur in combination with:






Rule

AI Designation AI

710, 711,

712, 713,

714

National Healthcare

Reimbursement

Number

01 National Healthcare Reimbursement Number(s) SHALL occur in combination

with the GTIN.

7020 Refurbishment lot ID (01 XOR 8006***)

AND 416

The refurbishment lot ID SHALL occur in combination with the GLN of

production/service location and:


7021 Functional status 01 XOR 8006***

The functional status SHALL occur in combination with:


7022 Revision status (01 XOR 8006***)

AND 7021

The revision status SHALL occur in combination with the functional status

and:


723s Certification reference 01 XOR 8004

Certification reference SHALL occur in combination with:

1. a GTIN; or 2. a GIAI

7240 Protocol ID 01 XOR 8006 The protocol ID SHALL occur in combination with a GTIN

8001 Dimensions of roll

products 01

Dimensions of roll products SHALL occur in combination with the GTIN.

Note: The GTIN must relate to a variable measure trade item.

8005 Price per unit of

measure 01 XOR 02

The price per unit of measure SHALL occur in combination with:


8007 International Bank

Account Number 8020 AND 415

The International Bank Account Number SHALL occur in combination with

the payment slip reference number and the GLN of the invoicing party.

8008 Date and time of

production 01 XOR 02

The date and time of production SHALL occur in combination with:


8009 Optically readable

sensor indicator 01 OR 00

The Optically Readable Sensor Indicator Number SHALL occur in

combination with the GTIN or SSCC.

Note: the two data elements may or may not appear in the same data

carrier.

8011 CPID serial number 8010 The CPID serial number SHALL occur in combination with the CPID.

8012 Software Version 01 XOR 8006***

The software version SHALL occur in combination with:


8019 Service Relation

Instance Number 8017 XOR 8018

The Service Relation Instance Number SHALL occur in combination with:

1. the GSRN for the provider; or 2. the GSRN for the recipient.

8020 Payment slip reference

number 415

The payment slip reference number SHALL occur in combination with the GLN of the invoicing party.

8026 ITIP of contained pieces 00 AND 37 The ITIP of contained pieces SHALL occur in combination with an SSCC and

the count of the pieces.

8111 Loyalty points of a

coupons 255 Loyalty points of a coupon SHALL occur in combination with the GCN.

8200 Extended packaging

URL 01 The extended packaging URL SHALL occur in combination with the GTIN.

***

If used in combination with the identification of trade item pieces (ITIP), the optional AIs on all individual pieces of the trade

item SHALL be identical.



Figure 31. Invalid Combinations of Application Identifiers

Invalid pairs of element strings Rule

AI Designation AI Designation

01 GTIN 01 GTIN

All occurrences of GTIN SHALL have one value.

It is for example not allowed to include GTINs

of other packaging levels.

01 GTIN 02 GTIN of contained trade items

GTIN of contained trade items is intended to list

the trade items contained in a logistic unit and

SHALL NOT be used to identify the contents of

a trade item.

01 GTIN 37 Count of units contained

The count of units contained SHALL only be

used with GTIN of contained trade items or

trade item pieces.

01 GTIN 255 Global Coupon Number A trade item SHALL NOT also be identified as a

coupon.

21 Serial Number 235 Third Party Controlled, Serialised Extension of GTIN

Only Serial Number or Third Party Controlled,

Serialised Extension of GTIN SHALL be used

with GTIN.

420 Ship to postal code,

single postal authority 421

Ship to postal code with ISO

country code

Only one ship to postal code SHALL be applied

on the same physical entity.

422, 423,

424, 425

Country of origin;

Initial processing;

Processing; or

Disassembly

426 Country of full processing

Country of origin, initial processing, processing,

or disassembly SHALL NOT be used in

combination with country of full processing,

since this would lead to ambiguous data.

390n Amount payable –

single monetary area 391n

Amount payable – with ISO

currency code

Only one amount payable element string SHALL

be applied on a payment slip.

390n Coupon value 394n, 8111

Percentage discount of a

coupon;

Loyalty points of a coupon

The element strings coupon value, percentage

discount of a coupon and loyalty points of a

coupon SHALL NOT be applied in combination.

392n

Amount payable for a

variable measure trade

item – single monetary

area

393n

Amount payable for a variable

measure trade item and ISO

currency code

Only one amount payable element string SHALL

be applied on a variable measure trade item.

394n Percentage discount of a

coupon 8111 Loyalty points of a coupon

The element strings percentage discount of a

coupon and loyalty points of a coupon SHALL

NOT be applied in combination.

8006 ITIP 01 GTIN

The GTIN SHALL NOT be used in combination

with the identification of an individual trade

item piece. The GTIN of the trade item to which the individual trade item piece belongs is

contained in the element string.

8006 ITIP 37 Count of units contained

The count of units contained SHALL only be

used with GTIN of contained trade items or

trade item pieces.

8018 GSRN for the recipient 8017 GSRN for the provider

Only one Global Service Relation Number

(recipient or provider) SHALL be applied at one

time for identification of an individual in a given

service relationship

8026

Identification of a trade

item piece contained in

a logistic unit

02, 8006

GTIN of contained trade items;

Identification of an individual

trade item piece

Identification of the trade item piece contained

in a logistic unit SHALL NOT be used in

combination with GTIN of contained trade items

or identification of an individual trade item

piece.



10. Appendix 3 – Glossary of Terms

CONCEPT DEFINITION

An - Alphanumeric Describes a set of characters that contain alphabetical characters (letters), numeric characters (numbers)

and other characters such as punctuation marks.

Application

Identifier

(AI)

The field of two or more characters at the beginning of an Element String that uniquely defines its format

and meaning.

Automatic

Identification and

Data Capture

(AIDC)

Abbreviation for Automatic Identification and Data Capture.

A technology used to automatically capture data. AIDC technologies include barcode symbols, smart cards,

biometrics and RFID.

Batch / Lot The batch or lot number associates an item with information the manufacturer considers relevant for

traceability of the trade item. The data may refer to the trade item itself or to items contained.

Carrier

Party undertaking the transportation of goods from one point to another.

The party that provides freight transportation services or a physical or electronic mechanism that carries

data.

Carrier/

Forwarder

The carrier is the entity undertaking the transportation of goods from one point to another. The freight

forwarder is the party arranging the carriage of goods including connected services and/or associated

formalities on behalf of a shipper or consignee/recipient.

Check Digit A digit calculated from the other digits of an Element String, used to check that the data has been correctly

composed (see GS1 Check Digit Calculation).

Company Number

A component of the GS1 Company Prefix. GS1 Local Member Organisations assign GS1 Company Prefixes to

entities that administer the allocation of GS1 System identification numbers. These entities may be, for

example, commercial companies, not for profit organisations, governmental agencies, and business units

within organisations. Criteria to qualify for the assignment of a GS1 Company Prefix are set by the GS1

Local Member Organisations.

Concatenation The representation of several data in one barcode symbol/line (in the GS1 System through the usage of

several Application Identifiers)

Consignee /

Recipient

The party by whom the goods, cargo or containers are meant to be received. The actual physical receipt can

take place by another party.

Consignor /

Shipper

The party by whom the goods, cargo or containers are sent. The physical dispatch can be done by another

party.

Consolidation The grouping together of individual consignments of goods into a combined consignment for carriage.

Consumer Unit Any item (product or service) presented in a package size agreed by trading partners as the size sold to end

costumers at the retail point of sale.

Cross – Docking

Cross docking (Quay to Quay or Flow Through Distribution) is a distribution system, which does not store

but prepares the received goods in a distribution centre or in a hub for the immediate reshipment to shops.

The preparations per store are done by the supplier and/or retailer.

Cross docking can be applied in different ways:

• Pre-packed cross docking or allotment performed by the manufacturer: the preparation of logistic units

(cases, pallets…) for shops is made by the supplier upfront. Afterwards, these logistic units are received

and stored on the quay of the distribution centre or the hub. Then they are regrouped with other logistic

units arriving from another manufacturer in order to be routed without any further manipulation

towards their final shipment point.

In this particular case, it is the supplier who places the logistic labels (including, among others, the final

consignee’s location information) on the logistic unit.

• Intermediate handling cross docking: the preparation for shops is performed in the distribution centre.

The logistic units (cases, pallets...) are received, split up and re-packed in another logistic units,

despatch by the distribution center and delivered to the final recipient. These new logistic units are

regrouped by destination point with those of other manufacturers.

In this case, it is the distribution centre that places the logistics labels on the newly regrouped logistic units.



CONCEPT DEFINITION

Data title Data titles are the abbreviated descriptions of data fields, which are used to support manual interpretation

of barcodes.

Despatch advice Document by means of which the seller or shipper/consignor informs the recipiente/consignee or buyer

about the dispatch of goods.

Distribution

Centre

A place specially designed for receipt, storage, material handling, reconditioning and shipping of products,

on a short period of time as orders are fulfilled, commonly on a daily basis.

Fast Moving

Consumer Goods

(FMCG)

Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), also known as Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG), are products that

have a quick turnover, and relatively low cost. Consumers generally put less thought into the purchase of

FMCG than they do for other products. Though the absolute profit made on FMCG products is relatively

small, they generally sell in large numbers and so the cumulative profit on such products can be large.

Examples of FMCG generally includes a wide range of frequently purchased consumer products such as

toiletries, soap, cosmetics, teeth cleaning products, shaving products and detergents, as well as other non-

durables such as glassware, bulbs, batteries, paper products and plastic goods. FMCG may also include

pharmaceuticals, consumer electronics, packaged food products and drinks, although these are often

categorised separately.

FMCG products can be thought of in contrast with consumer durables, which are generally replaced less

than once a year (e.g. kitchen appliances).

Function 1 Symbol

Character

(FNC 1)

A symbology element used to form the double start pattern of a GS1-128 Barcode Symbol. It is also used to

separate certain concatenated data fields (Element Strings), dependent on their positioning in the barcode

symbol.

Global Location

Number

(GLN)

The GS1 Identification Key used to identify physical locations or legal entities. The key is comprised of a

GS1 Company Prefix, Location Reference and Check Digit.

Global Trade Item

Number

(GTIN)

Identification of a trade item, which is defined as any item (product or service) upon, which there is a need

to retrieve pre-defined information and that may be priced or ordered or invoiced at any point in any supply

chain.

A Global Trade Item Number® may use the GTIN-8, GTIN-12, GTIN-13, or GTIN-14 Data Structure.

GS1 Check Digit

Calculation

A GS1 System algorithm for the calculation of a Check Digit to verify accuracy of data. (e.g.:

Modulo 10 check digit).

GS1 Company

Prefix

Part of the GS1 System identification number consisting of a GS1 Prefix (in Portugal “560”) and a Company

Number, both of which are allocated by GS1 Member Organisations.

GS1 General

Specifications

Defines the GS1 System data and application standards related to the marking and automatic identification

of trade items, locations, logistic units, assets, and more using barcodes, RFID, and GS1 Identification Keys.

GS1 Logistics

Label

Standardised format of the label, which has been defined by GS1. This label is appropriate for all logistic

units.

GS1-128 barcode

symbology A subset of the Code 128 that is utilised exclusively for GS1 System data structures.

ISO/IEC 1541

ISO/IEC 15459-1

Barcode symbology, Specification, Code 128.

Unique Identifier for transport unit. Also known as “ISO Licence Plate”.

Logistic unit An item of any composition established for transport and/or storage that needs to be managed through the

supply chain. It is identified with SSCC.

Multi-modal

transport The carriage of goods and/or equipments at least through two different means of transport.

Quiet Zone

A clear space containing no machine-readable marks ((whatever may be the type of printing), which

precedes the Start Character of a barcode symbol and follows the Stop Character. Formerly referred to as

“Clear Area” or “Light Margin”.

Receiving Advice Document by means of which the recipiente/consignee or buyer informs the seller or shipper/consignor

about the reception of goods.

Restricted

Circulation

Numbers

(RCN)

Signifies a GS1 identification number used for special applications in restricted environments, defined by the

local GS1 Member Organisation (e.g., restricted within a country, company, industry). They are allocated by

GS1 for either internal use by companies or to GS1 Member Organisations for assignment based on

business needs in their country (e.g., variable measure product identification).

SSCC

Term used for the Serial Shipping Container Code. This GS1 Identification Key is used to identify logistic

units. The key uses an 18 digit data structure comprising the Extension Digit, the GS1 Company Prefix,

Serial Reference and Check Digit.

Ultimate

Consignee / Last

Recipient Party who is the final recipient of a consignment.

Warehouse A place specially designed for receipt, storage, material handling, reconditioning and shipping of products

X – dimension The specified width of the narrowest element in a barcode symbol.



11. Appendix 4 – FAQ

1. Who decides the content of the SSCC?

It is the creator of the logistic unit who allocates the SSCC. The recipient may not impose the structure of the SSCC on the supplier. The SSCC and the GTIN are separate numbering systems, with their own rules for number allocation.

2. Is the extension digit in SSCC always ‘3’?

No. The extension digit may vary from 0 to 9, and its use is left at the discretion of the company generating logistic labels – does not always have to be ‘3’.

3. Are the brackets present in the GS1-128 barcode?

No, the brackets containing AI’s are not present in GS1-128 barcode. The brackets are only used

in the human readable text under the barcode to differentiate separate data elements. GS1-128 software recognizes different information on the basis of the standardized AI format.

4. What is an FNC1? What is it used for?

The Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1) is a symbology element used to form the double start

pattern of GS1-128 barcode symbol. It is also used to separate certain concatenated data fields (Element Strings), dependent on their positioning in the barcode symbol.

• Following the Start Character: this double start pattern (start character + FNC1) is

reserved for GS1 System applications worldwide. This makes it possible to distinguish

GS1-128 barcode symbols from other non-standard symbols. This FNC1 is encoded in

the barcode.

• As a separator: all data fields (element strings) that do not have a pre-defined (fixed)

length must be followed by an FNC1 separator when followed by another data field

(element string) in a single barcode symbol. An FNC1 character is not required at the

end of the last data field (element string) represented in a GS1-128 barcode symbol.

This FNC1 corresponds to ASCII character 29 (<GS>)

5. Which subset must preferably be used in GS1-128

barcode? A, B or C?

The Start Character of set C should always be used when the data inclusive of the AI begins with four or more numeric characters. Character set C is preferred as it encodes data with double density. This way, the length of the barcode is optimized. Sets A and B do not have this double density characteristic. Characters sets A and B should only be used when alphanumeric characters are encoded or when at the end of the barcode odd-numbered positions occur. For example, when using character set C and further on in the barcode an alphanumeric character appears, then a change must be made from character set C to A or B. Whether to use of A or B depends

on the type of data that follows.



6. Where extra human readable information (non

barcode encoded) should be placed?

Where human readable information is legally required (e.g., dangerous goods, maximum

temperature for frozen goods) in some countries the law requires food “NOT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION” to be clearly marked as such must follow the local legal requirements. These legal requirements may include font size, the location of the information, the exact wording, etc. Such information is perhaps best suited to a separate informational label. However, if the labeler so wishes, e.g. to avoid the costs of an additional label) and it is in line with legal requirements, the content of the top block is free and the content is provide at their discretion.

7. Which recommendations regarding affixing the pallet

label should be taken into consideration in order to

obtain a maximum readability?

• For film-wrapped pallets, affix the label above the film, not under the film, otherwise reflection will disturb the scanning.

• On pallets containing fresh/frozen products, apply labels that are resistant to humidity.

• On pallets that are stored outside / exposed to bad weather circumstances, apply labels

that are resistant to these environments.

• Use a label sticker. If you are obliged to use a label card or a loose paper (e.g. when the pallet is not film wrapped), make sure that it is well affixed to the pallet content.

• Different types of adhesives exist according to the type of surface (cartons, plastic, film…). Before affixing labels, contact your label supplier to receive the appropriate information.

8. What factors influence the choice of A6 or A5 format?

The factors influences are:

• The amount of data

• Availability of the data

• Scanning/reading environment

• Business requirements

• Unit dimensions

• Processing situation

GS1 Logistic Label...Figure 13. Bacardi Martini Portugal Logistics Label example..... 24 Figure 14....

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