Groups or Gangs: Early Identification of Gangs and Timely Intervention Dr. Lo Tit Wing Director...
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Transcript of Groups or Gangs: Early Identification of Gangs and Timely Intervention Dr. Lo Tit Wing Director...
Groups or Gangs:Early Identification of Gangs and Timely Intervention
Dr. Lo Tit WingDirector
Youth Studies Net, CityU
Push & Pull ForcesPush & Pull Forces
• Law-abiding behaviour• Deviant behaviour
DeviancyDeviancy ConformityConformity
Linkage with
High Risk Groups Triad Society
Ordinary YouthGroup
Group withDeviant Youths
JuvenileGang
CriminalGang
Ordinary Youth Deviant Youth
Juvenile Gang Criminal Gang
Remaining as criminals
Go Straight
opportunity
opportunity
opportunityGrow out of delinquency
Grow out of delinquency
Becoming gangsters
Grow out of
gangsters Becoming criminals
Goals of Helping ProfessionalsGoals of Helping Professionals
Expand Conformity
Reduce Deviancy
DeviancyDeviancy ConformityConformity
Skills of Helping ProfessionalsSkills of Helping Professionals
Expand Expand ConformityConformity
Reduce Reduce DeviancyDeviancy
• Opportunity for Actualization
• Continued Encouragement
• Learn from Mistakes
• Reinforce Achievements
Successful Experiences & Role in Conventional World
Skills of Helping ProfessionalsSkills of Helping Professionals
Reduce DeviancyReduce Deviancy
• Naïve Point out risk
• Ambivalence Provide direction
• Group pressure Neutralize pressure
• Willingness Isolate & control
Skills of Helping ProfessionalsSkills of Helping Professionals
Reduce DeviancyReduce Deviancy
Requirements
• Go into gang territory
• Live with the gang
• Understand individuals
• Understand gang dynamics
• Understand triad relationship
Common Mistake 1Common Mistake 1
Expand Expand ConformityConformity
Reduce Reduce DeviancyDeviancy
e.g. school social workers (traditional mode)
Small no. of outreach workers
Common Mistake 2Common Mistake 2
Expand Expand ConformityConformity
Reduce Reduce DeviancyDeviancy
e.g. centre-based workers (traditional mode)
Common Mistake 3Common Mistake 3
Expand Expand ConformityConformity
Reduce Reduce DeviancyDeviancy
e.g. some social workers, scholars
• Grow out of delinquency
• Radical non-intervention
Common Mistake 4Common Mistake 4
Expand Expand ConformityConformity
Reduce Reduce DeviancyDeviancy
e.g. some teachers
Common Mistake 5Common Mistake 5
Reduce Reduce ConformityConformity
Expand Expand DeviancyDeviancy
Labelling Processe.g. some teachers some centre-based workers
標籤過程標籤過程(一)初步的偏差行為
(二)懲罰
(三)再度的偏差行為
(四)較嚴重的處罰和排斥
(五)更嚴重的偏差行為,並敵視處罰者
(六)正式的社會行動去懲罰他
(七)變本加厲的偏差行為,以對懲罰作出反應
(八)最後被迫接受壞孩子的形象和角色
Result of LabellingResult of Labelling
ConformityConformityDeviancyDeviancy ConformityConformityDeviancyDeviancy
Deviant Youth Groups
Juvenile Gangs
Common Mistake 6Common Mistake 6
Expand Expand ConformityConformity
Reduce Reduce DeviancyDeviancy
e.g. social workers
Diagnosis = Labelling
Care & Concern
Hatred
DiagnosisDiagnosis -- Targeting process
* identify the right subjects
* tailor-make services
LabellingLabelling -- Social interaction process
* punishment & discrimination
* reaction formation
DiagnosisDiagnosis
Ordinary
Youths
Deviant
Youths
Juvenile
Gangs
Criminal
Gangs
Tailor-made servicesDraw police
attention
Delabel them during tre
atment
Delabel them during tre
atment
Public Housing Estate: the Breeding Public Housing Estate: the Breeding Ground for Youth GangsGround for Youth Gangs
• Densely populated
• Low-income working parents
• Ineffective supervision of children’s leisure activities
• Increase their risk of gang attachment
The Structure of a Modern Triad SocietyThe Structure of a Modern Triad SocietyChairman(Cho Kun)
Treasurer(Cha So)
Incense Master(Heung Chu)
Area Boss(Red Pole)
‘49’Members &
Blue Lanterns
Area Boss(Red Pole)
‘49’Members &
Blue Lanterns
Area Boss(Red Pole)
‘49’Members &
Blue Lanterns
Leader(49 Members/Blue
Lanterns)
Youth/JuvenileGang Members
Leader(49 Members/Blue
Lanterns)
Youth/JuvenileGang Members
Leader(49 Members/Blue
Lanterns)
Youth/JuvenileGang Members
212019181716151413121110
Structure of a Triad Youth GangStructure of a Triad Youth GangAge
8195
41 898 9
37 15 45 16142312 6 24 5 2
19 35 31 26 18 10 28 46
22 42 30 2713 2944 1443 36 211001796
47 20 37 50100 83 101
11 38 82
** * * ** * ** * *** * * ** * *** ** *** * ** * ** ** * *** **** *** *** *** ** * ** ***
Group Norms in Youth GangsGroup Norms in Youth Gangs
1. Don’t join other gangs
2. No squealing
3. Do not report anything to the police
4. Obey triad leaders
5. Help gang members in fighting
6. Give financial help to gang members in times of trouble
7. Don’t be scared in committing crimes
8. No cheating on gang members
9. Do not speak ill of gang members behind their back
10. Eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth
Negative Control|
|Positive Control
ViolenceHumiliation
RidiculeExpulsionOstracism
UrgingTogethernessHero-worship
ApplauseRapport
Individual Pressure
Group Pressure
Individual Pressure
Housing Estate A - Housing Estate A - Gang A’s TerritoryGang A’s Territory
Housing Estate B - Housing Estate B - Gang B’s TerritoryGang B’s Territory
School, Shopping Mall
Gang A’s member Gang B’s member
Conflict !
G a n g f i g h tG a n g f i g h t
Remember:
• Go into gang territory
• Live with the gang
• Understand individuals
• Understand gang dynamics
• Understand triad relationship