Optoelectronics, Photonics and Telecoms Group Lab-STICC, UMR CNRS 6285 – Pole MOM
Group- IV Photonics
-
Upload
rajen-kumar-patra -
Category
Documents
-
view
232 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Group- IV Photonics
title
Group-IV Photonics1RAJEN KUMAR PATRAROLL NO.-14EC62D02MICROELECTRONICS &VLSI DESIGNE&ECE DEPARTMENTIIT KHARAGPUR
1Contents What is photonics?
Why Group-IV photonics?
Light Source
Modulator
Photodetector
Application
Challenges
Conclusion
22 What is photonics?Photonics mean generation, emission, transmission, modulation, signal processing, switching,amplification, and detection/sensing of light. Photonics as a field began with the invention of thelaserin 1960.
3
Why Group-IV photonics?Moores Law
Sending Information along the Copper wire consumes significant power and introduces speed limiting delay in a modern IC.
Group-IV photonics can provide long term solution to this problem, which means the copper wire will be replaced by a system of lasers, modulators,optical waveguides and photo detector.
The benefits of this approach include the virtual elimination of delay and less power dissipation in signal propagation.
aSilicon Photonics History1985: Optoelectronic (OE) integration upon silicon has been a prime motivation
1990s: Progress on OE integration, SiGe/Si infrared sensors, etc.
1993:The vision of a silicon opto-electronic integrated circuit (OEIC) was created
1999-2003: Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency sponsored two quantum cascade laser projects
2004: first ongoing global meeting devoted solely to Group IV Photonics
2004:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)electronic and photonic integrated circuits (EPIC) in silicon
2005: First all Silicon Laser Silicon PhotonicsRaman Effect is 10000 stronger in silicon than in glass
7Light Source
Germenium Lasers8
Cicek Boztug, Jos R. Snchez-Prez, Francesca Cavallo, Max G. Lagally, and Roberto Paiella,Strained-Germanium Nanostructures for Infrared Photonics, ACS Nano20148(4), 3136-3151
Modulator9Mardiana, B.; Hazura, H.; Hanim, A.; Shaari, S.; Abdullah, H., "Phase modulator based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide,Photonics (ICP), 2010 International Conference on, vol., no., pp.1,3, 5-7 July 2010
Modulator10Mardiana, B.; Hazura, H.; Hanim, A.; Shaari, S.; Abdullah, H., "Phase modulator based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide,Photonics (ICP), 2010 International Conference on, vol., no., pp.1,3, 5-7 July 2010
A WDM Silicon Photonic Reciever
Huapu Pan; Assefa, S.; Horst, F.; Schow, C.L.; Rylyakov, A.V.; Green, W.M.J.; Khater, M.H.; Kamlapurka, S.; Reinholm, C.; Kiewra, E.; Shank, S.M.; Baks, C.W.; Offrein, B.J.; Vlasov, Y.A., "250 Gbps 10-channel WDM silicon photonics receiver,"Group IV Photonics (GFP), 2012 IEEE 9th International Conference on, vol., no., pp.162,164, 29-31 Aug. 20121112Ang, K.W.; Liow, T.-Y.; Fang, Q.; Yu, M.B.; Ren, F.F.; Zhu, S.Y.; Zhang, J.; Ng, J.W.; Song, J.F.; Xiong, Y.Z.; Lo, G.Q.; Kwong, D.L., "Silicon photonics technologies for monolithic electronic-photonic integrated circuit (EPIC) applications: Current progress and future outlook,"Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), 2009 IEEE International, vol., no., pp.1,4, 7-9 Dec. 2009Integration with CMOS
Applications of Goup-IVPhotonics Optical InterconnectsOptical RoutersLong Range Tele-CommunicationChemical and biological sensingEnvironmental and hazardous substrate monitoringMedicine
13Challenges14Bogaerts, W.; Fiers, M.; Dumon, P., "Design Challenges in Silicon Photonics,Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of, vol.20, no.4, pp.1,8, July-Aug. 2014Group-IV materials are not good light sources
Silicon is poor at Photodetection at the infrared wavelength commonly used for optical communication
Four wave mixing in optical fibers
Silicon photonic waveguides are extremely sensitive, which imposes nanometer-scale tolerances on the fabrication process
Because of process-induced variability, wavelength-selective filter functions are difficult to fabricate exactly on specification
Lack of good simulation tool ConclusionGroup-IV Photonics is now a mature technology
Group-IV Photonics is not only for the optical communicationit is much more.Handling of Photonic Parasitics is a Major Challenge
We need verification Algorithms to handle the peculiarities of waveguide circuit.15 REFERENCESSoref, R., "The Past, Present, and Future of Silicon Photonics," IEEE Sel. Topics in Quantum Electron. ,vol.12, no.6, pp.1678-1687, Nov.-dec. 2006
Koppens, F. H. L.,Mueller T, D, Avouris Ph,. Ferrari A.C., Vitiello M.S., Polini M.,Photodetectors based on graphene, other two-dimensional materials and hybrid systemsNature Nanotechnology.,pp-780793(2014)
G.T.Reed, G Mashanovich, F. Y. Gardich And D. J. Thomson, Silicon optical modulators,Nature Photonics, Volume-4, pp-518-524
Guang-Hua Duan; Jany, C.; Le liepvre, A.; Accard, A.; Lamponi, M.; Make, D.; Kaspar, P.; Levaufre, G.; Girard, N.; Lelarge, F.; Fedeli, J.-M.; Descos, A.; Ben Bakir, B.; Messaoudene, S.; Bordel, D.; Menezo, S.; de Valicourt, G.; Keyvaninia, S.; Roelkens, G.; Van Thourhout, D.; Thomson, D.J.; Gardes, F.Y.; Reed, G.T., "Hybrid III--V on Silicon Lasers for Photonic Integrated Circuits on Silicon," IEEE Sel. Topics in Quantum Electron. , , vol.20, no.4, pp.158,170, July-Aug. 2014
16 REFERENCESAng, K.W.; Liow, T.-Y.; Fang, Q.; Yu, M.B.; Ren, F.F.; Zhu, S.Y.; Zhang, J.; Ng, J.W.; Song, J.F.; Xiong, Y.Z.; Lo, G.Q.; Kwong, D.L., "Silicon photonics technologies for monolithic electronic-photonic integrated circuit (EPIC) applications: Current progress and future outlook,"Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), IEEE International, vol. 1, no., 4 pp. 7-9 Dec. 2009
Huapu Pan; Assefa, S.; Horst, F.; Schow, C.L.; Rylyakov, A.V.; Green, W.M.J.; Khater, M.H.; Kamlapurka, S.; Reinholm, C.; Kiewra, E.; Shank, S.M.; Baks, C.W.; Offrein, B.J.; Vlasov, Y.A., "250 Gbps 10-channel WDM silicon photonics receiver," Group IV Photonics (GFP), 2012 IEEE 9th International Conference , vol.,62 no. 64, pp. 29-31 Aug. 2012
Bogaerts, W.; Fiers, M.; Dumon, P., "Design Challenges in Silicon Photonics," IEEE Sel. Topics in Quantum Electron. , , vol.20, no.4, pp.1,8, July-Aug. 2014
M. Paniccia and S. Koehl, The silicon solution, IEEE Spectr., vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 3844, Oct. 200517 Thank you18