GROUP GUIDANCE COURSE
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Transcript of GROUP GUIDANCE COURSE
GROUP GUIDANCE CLASS
Graduate School Urdaneta City University Professor: Dr. Edgar Olua
CCCCCICc
This belongs to
Compiled
By
MATSY B. TUMACDANGSummer 2016
Learning Objectives
• What are the three criteria used to define team success?
• Why is team success more than just completing the task?
• What factors determine whether a group has the right set of people?
• In what types of tasks are groups better than individuals? Why?
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
Learning Objectives
• What are the important parts of the group process?
• How does an organization provide a supportive context for teams?
• What are the characteristics of successful teams?
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
I.Nature of Team Success
• Completing the task:1.Management sees success as defined as performance of the task.2.There are measurement problems; one approach to these problems is to determine whether the products or outputs of the team are acceptable to the owners, customers, and team members (might not always agree).
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
Nature of Team Success
3.Advantages and Disadvantages:• a. Sometimes there are
disadvantages because time is wasted in developing the team instead of focusing on the task.
• b. Sometimes there are advantages, which show up when unforeseen problems arise and when the team will work together on future tasks
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
ii. Maintaining Social Relations
• 1. A successful team performs its task and then is better able to perform the next task assigned to it. This is the social relations, group maintenance, or viability aspect of team work. A team must have good internal social relations, in order to help encourage participants to want to work in the team in the future.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
ii. Maintaining Social Relations
• 2.Team needs social relations: • a.Cohesion comes from the
emotional ties that team members have with each other.
• b.Good communication depends on understanding and trust.
• c.The capabilities of the team were lost at the end of the project because of the exclusive focus on the task.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iii. Individual Benefit
1.Team should be good for the individual. 2.It should help to improve an individual’s social or interpersonal skills. 3.Should help to broaden an employee’s skills and knowledge and make him or her better aware of the perspectives of other disciplines.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iii.Individual Benefit
4.Help an employee’s career in the organization.
5.Teamwork should be reflected in the employee’s performance evaluations. 6.Increases the amount of
social and emotional support they receive.
7.Great learning experience.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iii.Individual Benefit
8.Team members share their knowledge and expertise, as they
learn how to be good team members, they also develop
communication, organizational, and management skills.
9.People in low social needs will be less rewarded by teamwork.
10.The learning benefits from teamwork primarily come from
successful teams.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iii. Individual Benefit
11.If the team is dysfunctional, it may teach
members to avoid working on teams in the future.
12.The conflict between individual and team success is one of the major unresolved problems with teamwork in
many organizations.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
II.Conditions For Team Success
i.Group Composition 1.The qualities that
influence performance: a.The group must
contain people with the knowledge,
skills and abilities that match the requirements of the task.
b.The group must have members
with the authority to represent the relevant parts of
the organization and the power
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
II.Conditions For Team Success
to implement the group’s decision.
c.The group’s members
must have the necessary group process skills
to operate effectively.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
ii.Characteristics of The Task
1.McGrath (1984)-system that explains the different types of
tasks that teams perform.Based on four group
goals—generate, choose, negotiate, and execute—with each goal having two related
tasks.The eight tasks vary along two dimensions:
cognitive-behavioral and cooperation-conflict.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
ii.Characteristics of The Task
• 2.Steiner (1972)-system that explains the different ways in which team members’ efforts can be combined. Task demands along three dimensions divisible/unitary, high rate of production (maximization)/high quality solutions (optimization), combine efforts of group members in different ways. Added together, limited by the last member, averaged, selected, or combined in any way the group desires.There are different combinations of the demands of the group tasks.(See Table 2.2 in the book
iii.Group Process
1.Team members must be able to combine their efforts successfully.
2.The internal processes can interfere with success.
3.Effective teams must organize themselves to perform their
tasks, develop social relations to support their operations, and
have leaders who provide direction and facilitate the teams’
operations.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iii.Group Process• 4.Rather than encouraging
performance, working in a group might lead to reduced effort by individual members (This problem is called social loafing).
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iv.Organizational Context
1.The organizational context has a significant effect on whether
teams operate successfully (Guzzo & Dickson, 1996).
2.Teams are more likely to be successful in organizations that have supportive organizational
cultures. 3.There are a number of
organizational supports that should be provided to teams so as to help make them function more
effectively (Hackman, 1990b).
iv. Organizational Context
4.Teams perform better when they have clear goals and well-
defined tasks. 5.Teams must have adequate resources including financial, staffing, and training support.
Reliable information is required to make decisions, to coordinate
their efforts with other parts of the organizations, and to plan for future changes. They also need
technical and group process assistance.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
iv. Organizational Context
6.Requires efforts of both team members and their
organizations. 7.A team needs feedback on
its performance and an incentive to change.
8.An effective teams requires feedback and rewards from the organization for good
performance.
Ref
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
1.Clear direction and goals: Teams need goals to focus their efforts and evaluate
their performance. 2.Good leadership: Leaders are needed to help manage
the internal and external relations of teams and to orient teams toward their
goals.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
3.Tasks that are suited for teamwork: Tasks should be
complex, important, and challenging so that they require the integrated
efforts of team members and are not capable of
being performed by individuals.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
• 4.Necessary resources to perform the jobs: The resources that teams need include both material resources and training and personnel resources.
• 5.Supportive organizational environment: Organizations must give sufficient power and authority to allow team members to make and implement their direction.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
ii.Levi and1.Evaluation and rewards: Teams need fair and
objective criteria for evaluation, team members’ performance
evaluations should relate to their contributions to their teams, and
members should be rewarded when their teams are successful.
2.Social relations: Teams need training social skills so that they
can resolve internal conflicts and function smoothly.
Slem (1995)-five factors:
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
3.Organizational support: Management, the organizational system, and the organizational
culture must support the use of teams.
4.Task characteristics: Teams need clear direction and goals, tasks
that are appropriate for teamwork, and work that is challenging and important.
5.Leadership: Leaders need to facilitate teams’ interactions and provide assistance to teams when
problems occur.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
iii.Larson and La Fasto (1989) are experts in group
communication.Found that the following are important success
factors: 1.Clear goals with standards of excellence 2.Principled leadership 3.External support and recognition
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
4.Results-oriented structure 5.Competent team members
6.Unified commitment 7.Collaborative climate
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
• iv.Katzenbach and Smith (1993) are management experts who studied upper level management teams primarily in large organizations.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams
v.Cohen and Bailey (1997) conducted a
meta-analysis of work teams during the
1990s.They found that factors of success are
different for production,
professional, and managerial teams.
Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi
THE END
Matsy B. Tumacdang(Reporter)
14 May 2016)
Thank you!