Group 4 Presentation Group 4 Presentation The Role of Family in International Assignments Iwona...
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Transcript of Group 4 Presentation Group 4 Presentation The Role of Family in International Assignments Iwona...
Group 4 PresentationGroup 4 Presentation
The Role of Family in The Role of Family in
International AssignmentsInternational Assignments
Iwona Samsel
Frank John
Katsufumi Araki
Gurhan Gunal
Cem Oktaymen
2
History of IHRMHistory of IHRM
1900s 1900s Focus on motivating, controlling and Focus on motivating, controlling and
improving the productivity of entry-level improving the productivity of entry-level employees.employees.
1920s1920s
Appraising and training individualsAppraising and training individuals
1930s and 1940s1930s and 1940s
Knowledge of groups and the impact of group Knowledge of groups and the impact of group on individualson individuals
3
History of IHRMHistory of IHRM
1950s and 1960s 1950s and 1960s Individual needs and motivation along with Individual needs and motivation along with
advances in selection and development advances in selection and development
1970s 1970s Human resource management (safety and Human resource management (safety and
health of the worker as well as individual health of the worker as well as individual satisfaction and performance)satisfaction and performance)
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History of IHRMHistory of IHRM
Late 1970s and 1980s Late 1970s and 1980s
Organizational strategyOrganizational strategy
Today Today
Global competition, worldwide labor Global competition, worldwide labor
availability, business ethics and the availability, business ethics and the
environment environment
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Country Profile
Recent Activities in IHRM
Society and Foreign Assignments
Expatriation & Repatriation
Performance & Retention
IHRM: necessary changes
POLANDPOLAND
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Country Profile Geo/Demographics
Country Profile Geo/Demographics
EU Member:EU Member: May 1May 1stst,2004,2004
Political system:Political system:
RepublicRepublic
Total area:Total area: 313 000 km²313 000 km²
Population:Population: 38.6 million38.6 million
GDP:GDP: $463 billion$463 billion
Religion:Religion: CatholicCatholic
Poland
8
Country Profile cont.CultureCountry Profile cont.Culture
Collectivist SocietyCollectivist Society
Low ContextLow Context
Cultural Dimension ScoresCultural Dimension Scores
Don’t smile to strangersDon’t smile to strangers
=>=> follow NY style follow NY style
Learn few words in PolishLearn few words in Polish
=>=> Poles will love it Poles will love it
Bring flowers when visiting Polish Bring flowers when visiting Polish
homehome
=> “thank you for invitation”=> “thank you for invitation”
Never refuse secondsNever refuse seconds
=> nothing better than Polish home => nothing better than Polish home
cookingcooking
PoliticsPolitics => always a good topic=> always a good topic
Poland
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Country Profile Recent IHRM activities
Country Profile Recent IHRM activities
LegalLegal
• International AgreementsInternational Agreements
CompensationCompensation
• Taxes Taxes
Work for spouseWork for spouse
• Work permitsWork permits
Poland
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Society and Foreign Assignments: Poland vs. US
Society and Foreign Assignments: Poland vs. US
Pluses (+)Pluses (+)• Financial advantageFinancial advantage
• Exposure to foreign cultureExposure to foreign culture
• Language Language
• ResumeResume
Minuses (-)Minuses (-)• Distance from relatives, friendsDistance from relatives, friends
• Language barrierLanguage barrier
• Lack of good childcare systemLack of good childcare system
• Work for spouseWork for spouse
• Working hoursWorking hours
• Vacation timeVacation time
Pluses (+)Pluses (+)
• Exposure to foreign cultureExposure to foreign culture
• Good level of educationGood level of education
• Good standard of livingGood standard of living
• Good level of child careGood level of child care
• Location: central EuropeLocation: central Europe
Minuses (-)Minuses (-)
• Language/lack of relevant valueLanguage/lack of relevant value
• Distance from relatives, friendsDistance from relatives, friends
• Weather: long cold wintersWeather: long cold winters
Polish Expatriates American Expatriates
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Expatriation and Repatriation Expatriates & Families
Expatriation and Repatriation Expatriates & Families
Pre-Departure TrainingPre-Departure Training
Living ArrangementsLiving Arrangements
Child CareChild Care
Educational AllowancesEducational Allowances
Lack of set up of a Lack of set up of a
expatriate networkexpatriate network
No language training for No language training for
familiesfamilies
Little support for familyLittle support for family
arrangements upon returnarrangements upon return No guaranteed work upon No guaranteed work upon
returnreturn
ExpatriationExpatriation RepatriationRepatriation
12
Performance and RetentionPerformance and Retention
Successful completionSuccessful completion
• Most of the interviewedMost of the interviewed
• Economic DevelopmentEconomic Development
• High Education LevelHigh Education Level
FailureFailure
• Few job offers for spousesFew job offers for spouses
• Separation from relativesSeparation from relatives
• WeatherWeather
Successful completionSuccessful completion• Large % of interviewedLarge % of interviewed
• Financial stimulusFinancial stimulus
• Future careerFuture career
FailureFailure• Separation from relativesSeparation from relatives
• Lack of support networkLack of support network
• No job offers without language No job offers without language
skillsskills
American ExpatriatesAmerican Expatriates Polish ExpatriatesPolish Expatriates
13
IHRM: necessary changesIHRM: necessary changes
Support systemSupport system• Coach solutionCoach solution• Network of local expatriatesNetwork of local expatriates• Living arrangements upon repatriationLiving arrangements upon repatriation
Work for spouseWork for spouse
• Extended network with other foreign companiesExtended network with other foreign companies
Guaranteed job upon repatriationGuaranteed job upon repatriation
Language Training for all family membersLanguage Training for all family members
14
Country Profile
Chinese Culture
Work-Family Conflict
Expatriates and Families
Performance & Retention
IHRM: necessary changes
People’s Republic of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China
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People’s Republic of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China
People’s Republic of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China
Population: 1.307 billionCapital: BeijingArea: 9.596.960 sq kmGDP: $ 7.262 trillionGDP per capita: $ 5600Labor Force: 760.8 millionLanguages: Chinese,
MandarinPolitical System: Communist
16
Chinese CultureChinese Culture
Confucius’s RelationshipsConfucius’s Relationships
• Ruler - SubjectRuler - Subject• Husband – WifeHusband – Wife• Father – SonFather – Son• Brother – BrotherBrother – Brother• Friend - FriendFriend - Friend
Lijie and Surface HarmonyLijie and Surface Harmony
• Being polite and courteousBeing polite and courteous• Proper etiquette preservesProper etiquette preserves
harmony and faceharmony and face
GuanxiGuanxi
Relationship between peopleRelationship between people
Network of contactsNetwork of contacts
Mianxi Mianxi
Losing faceLosing face
Saving face Saving face
KeqiKeqi
Ke – guest qi – behaviorKe – guest qi – behavior
Represents humbleness andRepresents humbleness and
modestymodesty
17
Power Distance (PDI)Power Distance (PDI)
• Very high power distanceVery high power distance
• Inequality of power and wealthInequality of power and wealth
• Follow a caste systemFollow a caste system
Individualism – CollectivismIndividualism – Collectivism
(IDV)(IDV)
• Collective societyCollective society
• Reinforce extended familyReinforce extended family
• Everyone takes responsibilityEveryone takes responsibility
Culture cont.Culture cont.
Masculinity (MAS)Masculinity (MAS)
Medium rangeMedium range
Woman have some rightsWoman have some rights
Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)
Between medium and lowBetween medium and low
Tolerance for different opinions Tolerance for different opinions
Long – Term Orientation (LTO)Long – Term Orientation (LTO)
Values long-term commitmentsValues long-term commitments
Respect for traditionRespect for tradition
Strong work ethicStrong work ethic
18
Work – further personalWork – further personal
growth growth Work and family is separateWork and family is separate Family comes before workFamily comes before work Family values = quality ofFamily values = quality of
lifelife Expressive individualismExpressive individualism Individualistic societyIndividualistic society
Work - Family ConflictWork - Family Conflict
Work – welfare of familyWork – welfare of family
Family – based work ethicFamily – based work ethic
Extra work > future benefits Extra work > future benefits
for familyfor family
Collectivism > priority to workCollectivism > priority to work
More experienced with families More experienced with families
dual carriersdual carriers
United StatesUnited States ChinaChina
19
Importance of guanxiImportance of guanxi
Mostly long-term assignmentsMostly long-term assignments
Time to adjust to new cultureTime to adjust to new culture
Expatriate ( Diaspora) treated like family memberExpatriate ( Diaspora) treated like family member
Company will help overcome culture shock and provide intensive Company will help overcome culture shock and provide intensive
pre – departure trainingpre – departure training
Family stays behind until expatriate adjust to new environment Family stays behind until expatriate adjust to new environment
Company demands come before familyCompany demands come before family
Family will support expatriate, for better future (long – term oriented)Family will support expatriate, for better future (long – term oriented)
Low failure rateLow failure rate
Expatriates and Families
21
BrazilBrazilBrazilBrazil
Total population Total population
of 184 millionof 184 million
Among the most Among the most
popular popular
destinationsdestinations
AIDS patients are AIDS patients are
increasing increasing
22
Culture ThemesCulture ThemesCulture ThemesCulture Themes
Time and WorkTime and Work
Casual about time and workCasual about time and work
Not concerned about being hard and efficientNot concerned about being hard and efficient
Take two or three jobsTake two or three jobs
Extended FamilyExtended Family
Larger role in societyLarger role in society
Big familyBig family
Mutual supportMutual support
23
Culture differencesCulture differencesCulture differencesCulture differences
The attitude of male dominanceThe attitude of male dominance
Primary responsibility of womenPrimary responsibility of women
To care for the home and the familyTo care for the home and the family
Must be patient to gain mutual trustMust be patient to gain mutual trust
Slower business transactionSlower business transaction
24
AdaptationAdaptationAdaptationAdaptation
Difficult to communicate without PortugueseDifficult to communicate without Portuguese
A period of anxiety, doubts and concernA period of anxiety, doubts and concern
Safety and securitySafety and security
Avoid large gatherings or any crowdsAvoid large gatherings or any crowds
25
Family ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily Concerns
Children’s problemsChildren’s problems
Experiencing profound stressExperiencing profound stress
E-mail, MTV and telephone—ease sense of E-mail, MTV and telephone—ease sense of
isolation from friendsisolation from friends
Returning home—most difficult due to culture Returning home—most difficult due to culture
differences, too alien for their friendsdifferences, too alien for their friends
26
Family ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily Concerns
Spouses’ concernSpouses’ concern
High risk of kidnapping for ransomHigh risk of kidnapping for ransom
Must ensure that houses are secureMust ensure that houses are secure
Children in the hands of people they can Children in the hands of people they can
trusttrust
27
Country Profile
Facts for foreign expatriates
Society and Foreign Assignments
Legal Terms for foreign expatriates
Performance & Retention
TURKEYTURKEY
28
Country Profile Geo/Demographics Country Profile Geo/Demographics
TURKEYTURKEYAge structureAge structure::0-14 years:0-14 years: 27.2% 27.2%15-64 years:15-64 years: 66.4 66.465 years and over:65 years and over: 6.4% 6.4%
EU CandidateEU Candidate
Political system:Political system: RepublicRepublic
Total area:Total area: 2,648 km 2,648 km
Population:Population: 70 million70 million
GDP:GDP: $507billion$507billion
Religion:Religion: 98% Muslim98% Muslim
29
Country Profile cont.CultureCountry Profile cont.Culture
Collectivistic SocietyCollectivistic Society
Low ContextLow Context
Cultural Dimension Cultural Dimension
ScoresScores
Hospitable to a great Hospitable to a great extentextent
Don’t say no to food Don’t say no to food serve in Turkish homesserve in Turkish homes
Be on time for business Be on time for business meetingmeeting
Always be ready for Always be ready for dinner to close business dinner to close business dealdeal
Politics, SoccerPolitics, Soccer always a good topicalways a good topic
30
FACTS FOR TURKEY FACTS FOR TURKEY
Economic effectEconomic effect
• increase in FDI increase in increase in FDI increase in
Foreign expatriatesForeign expatriates
Possible EU Possible EU
membershipmembership• Circulation of Labor will take Circulation of Labor will take
placeplace
• More job opportunities for More job opportunities for
Turkish young labor forceTurkish young labor force
Cultural effectCultural effect• Male dominantMale dominant
• Tight family bondsTight family bonds
29.7% women and 68.3% 29.7% women and 68.3%
men are in work forcemen are in work force
6 million Turkish people 6 million Turkish people
works in abroad works in abroad • $5 billion dollars from $5 billion dollars from
expatriatesexpatriates
31
Society and Foreign Assignment: Turkey vs. Foreign
Society and Foreign Assignment: Turkey vs. Foreign
Pluses (+)Pluses (+)
• Financial advantageFinancial advantage
• Exposure to foreign cultureExposure to foreign culture
• LanguageLanguage
Pluses (-)Pluses (-)
• HomesicknessHomesickness
• Language barrierLanguage barrier
• Lack of good childcare systemLack of good childcare system
• Vacation LengthVacation Length
Pluses (+)Pluses (+)
• Good SalaryGood Salary
• Vacation LengthVacation Length
• Good standard of livingGood standard of living
• Sufficient level of child careSufficient level of child care
• Location: Southeastern EuropeLocation: Southeastern Europe
Minuses (-)Minuses (-)
• Language/lack of relevant valueLanguage/lack of relevant value
Turkish Expatriates Foreign Expatriates
32
Legal Terms for foreign expatriates
Legal Terms for foreign expatriates
Constitutional rightsConstitutional rights
Turkey Laws follows EU Turkey Laws follows EU standards for Foreign expatriatesstandards for Foreign expatriates
New laws are on process:New laws are on process:
• August 2005 , work permit process will be fasterAugust 2005 , work permit process will be faster
TaxesTaxes
33
Performance and RetentionPerformance and Retention
90% successful 90% successful
completioncompletion 13% failure13% failure Divorce rateDivorce rate Main reasons:Main reasons:• Language barrierLanguage barrier• Culture shockCulture shock
Advantage of Eurasian Advantage of Eurasian
cultureculture 80% successful 80% successful
completioncompletion 15% failure15% failure Main reasons: Main reasons: • Language barriersLanguage barriers• HomesicknessHomesickness• Child careChild care
Foreign ExpatriatesForeign Expatriates Turkish ExpatriatesTurkish Expatriates
34
ConclusionConclusion
Issues concerned withIssues concerned withCareers of the spouseCareers of the spouse
ChildrenChildren
Things to considerThings to considerInclusion of family in decision-making process Inclusion of family in decision-making process Coping with new living quartersCoping with new living quartersDifferences in clothing necessitiesDifferences in clothing necessitiesFamily safety issuesFamily safety issuesChildren’s educationChildren’s educationLanguage barriersLanguage barriers
35
ConclusionConclusion
Some things that can make it easier to Some things that can make it easier to
live abroadlive abroad
Do everything possible to make your time Do everything possible to make your time
abroad an exciting opportunity abroad an exciting opportunity
““The best expat is the educated expat”The best expat is the educated expat”
Encourage your children to maintain their Encourage your children to maintain their
connection to homeconnection to home
Well compensationWell compensation