Groung water pollution

GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION

AJAY CHAUHANID NO :2011510085

WHAT IS GROUND WATER POLLUTION ???

Groundwater can be polluted / contaminated as a result of HUMAN activity and Natural conditions.

Contaminations found in the groundwater cover a broad range of physical, chemical (Organic & Inorganic), bacteriological and radioactive parameters.

SOURCES OF GROUND WATER POLLUTION

1. Improper use of contaminated water2. Leaking Fuel and Chemical Tanks3. Industrial Chemical spills 4. Extensive use of Pesticides, Herbicides and fertilizers5. Drainage of house hold chemicals6. Badly Managed Landfill7. Industrial Emissions

HOW THE GROUND WATER POLLUTION

OCCURES ?The percolating water picks up a large amount of dissolved constituents and reaches the aquifer system and contaminates the groundwater. pumping wells can cause or aggravate ground-water pollution

Water table steepens near a dump, increasing the velocity Of ground-water flow and drawing pollutants into a well

water-table slope is reversed by pumping, changing direction of the ground-water flow, and polluting the well

Land Use Activities potential to groundwater pollution

Residential Un-severed sanitation Land & stream discharge of sewage Sewage oxidation ponds Sewer leakage, solid waste disposal, landfill leachate Road & urban run-off, aerial fall out

Industrial & Commercial Process water, effluent lagoon etc. Land & stream discharge of effluents Tank & pipeline leakage & accidental spills. Well disposal of effluent Aerial fall out Landfill disposal & solid wastes & Hazardous wastes Poor housekeeping Spillage & leakages during handling of material

Mining Mine drainage discharge Process water, sludge lagoons Solid mine tailings Oilfield spillage at group gathering stations

Rural Cultivation with agrochemicals Irrigation with wastewater Soil Stalinizations Livestock rearing

Coastal areas Salt water intrusion

LAND-USE ACTIVITIES & THEIR POTENTIAL THREAT TO GROUND WATER QUALITY

COMMON GROUND WATER CONTAMINANTS

CONTAMINANTS

SOURCE DISEASE OR TOXIC EFFECT

NITRATES SEWAGE, FERTILIZERS, AIR POLLUTION, LANDFILLS & INDUSTRIES.

BLUE BABY (METHAMOGLOBINAMIA)

PATHOGENS SEWAGE, LANDFILLS, SEPTIC TANKS & LIVESTOCK’S.

TYPHOID, CHOLERA, DYSENTERY, POLIO, AND HEPATITIS

TRACE METALS INDUSTRIAL & MINE DISCHARGES, FLY ASH FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS EITHER DUE TO FALL OUT OR DISPOSAL IN ASH PONDS.

TOXIC & CARCINOGENIC.

INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS

INORGANIC DISSOLVES-SO4, CHLORIDE. GASTROINTESTINAL PROBLEMS

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, STREET DRAINAGES, SEWAGE LANDFILLS, INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGES, SPILLS, VEHICULAR EMISSIONS FALL OUT ETC.

TOXIC & CARCINOGENIC

GROUND WATER POLLUTION IN INDIA

HOW CAN WE REDUSE POLLUTION ?

Participation of INDUSTRY.

minimize use of toxic / hazardous raw material.Maintain integrity of storage tanks ,pipeline , surface

impoundment.Adopt good engineering practice for selecting proper material

for Tanks and pipesImplement monitoring programs: leak detection and repair

program, spill detection, spill control, emergency response etc.

Manage properly: waste materials , their transport and disposal.

Monitoring periodically : groundwater quality

Participation of COMMUNITY .

Minimize use of household containing hazardous substances.Avoid draining chemical , motor oil , insecticides in community

area.Reduce pesticide application.Use proper procedures for handling chemicals( plants ,

pesticides , insecticides , polishing material , cleaning chemicals and detergents).

Immediately clean spills and report any leakage to concerned department.

GROUNDWATER REMEDIATIONGroundwater remediation is process that is use to remove the pollution from the groundwaterIt is divided in two technologies : (1) EX-SITU TECHNOLOGY Stream stripping Oxygen sparging Bioremediation Carbon adsorption . (2) IN- SITU TECHNOLOGY. Air Sparging Chemical oxidation Thermal treatment

The Conservation of groundwater is in Our

Hands

Groung water pollution

Environment

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