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Groundwater role in the analysis of the water footprint
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Transcript of Groundwater role in the analysis of the water footprint
Groundwater role in the analysis of the water footprint
Maite M. AldayaM. Ramón Llamas
University of Twente – the NetherlandsWater Observatory – M. Botin Foundation
The role of the groundwater silent revolution:‘more cash and nature per drop’
IUCN and M. Botin Foundation: Side event5th World Water Forum, Istanbul, 20 March 2009
Water footprint of a product
► the volume of fresh water used to produce the product, summed over the various steps of the production chain.
► when and where the water was used:a water footprint includes a temporal and spatial dimension.
► type of water use:
Green water footprint - volume of rainwater evaporated.
Blue water footprint - volume of surface or groundwater evaporated.
Grey water footprint - volume of polluted water.
Water footprint of a nation
► total amount of water that is used to produce the goods and services consumed by the inhabitants of the nation.
► two components:• internal water footprint – inside the country.• external water footprint – in other countries.
Export
Consumption
Impo
rt
Pro
duct
ion
Virtual water import for re-
export
Water use for export
Virtual water export
External water
footprint
Internal water
footprint
Water footprint
+
+
=
=
Virtualwaterimport
Water use within
country
++
= =
Virtual water
budget
+
+ =
=
National water accounting framework
The traditional statisticson water use
Water footprint with distinction of green and blue water (surface and groundwater) and related economic analysis for the Guadiana basin
Source: CHG (2008)
Guadiana WF
Agricultural use of water resources in the Guadiana (Mm3/year) (2001)
0 50 100 150 20025 Km
PROVINCES
LOWER GUADIANA
FORMER LOWER GUADIANA II OR TOP DOMAIN
UPPER GUADIANA
MIDDLE GUADIANA
GREEN WATER
BLUE SURFACE WATER
BLUE GROUNDWATER
Source: Aldaya and Llamas (2009)
BADAJOZ
CÁCERES
CUENCATOLEDO
SEVILLA
ALBACETE
CÓRDOBAHUELVA
CIUDAD REAL UPPER GUADIANA
MIDDLE GUADIANA
LOWER GUADIANA
1286
93
835
905745
142
7443
34
21103
TOP DOMAIN
Guadiana WF: Water consumption
Water economic productivity
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
Upper Guadiana Middle Guadiana TOP Lower Guadiana
Humid (1997)
Average (2001)
Dry (2005)
€/m
3
Water economic productivity
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
Upper Guadiana Middle Guadiana TOPTOP Lower GuadianaLower Guadiana
Humid (1997)
Average (2001)
Dry (2005)
€/m
3
Total blue water economic productivity (€/m3) concerning agricultural sector per year
Guadiana WF: Water consumption
Legal restrictions in GW use
One of the most regulated basins
Groundwater role within the water footprint
► Cash crops are usually obtained with groundwater irrigation
► Green water and most surface water irrigation systems cannot guarantee supply due to climate variability
► Relevant role of groundwater to achieve ‘more cash and nature per drop’
Thank you