Ground Transportation in Auckland - Natural Hazards...• Auckland is a vital link in New...
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References 1. Blong, R. J. (1984) Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Erupons. New South Wales, Australia: Academic Press 2. Johnston, D. M. (1997) Physical and social impacts of past and future volcanic erupons in New Zealand. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand 3. Barnard, S. (2003) Potenal effects of any future 1886-type erupon from Tarawera volcano on the Bay of Plenty region. University of Canterbury, Christchurch 4. Wilson, T. M., Stewart, C., Sword- Daniels, V., Leonard, G. S., Johnston, D. M., Cole, J. W., Barnard, S. T. (2012) Volcanic ash impacts on crical infrastructure. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 45–46(0), 5–23 5. Wardman, J. B., Wilson, T. M., Bodger, P. S., Cole, J. W., & Johnston, D. M. (2012) Invesgang the electrical conducvity of volcanic ash and its effect on HV power systems. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 45–46, 128–145 6. Lindsay, J. M., & Peace, C. (2005) AELG-7: Health and Safety Issues in a Volcanic Ash Environment (Vol. Auckland R, p. 55). Auckland: Auckland Engineering Lifelines Group 7. Lindsay, J. M. (2010) Volcanoes in the big smoke: A review of hazard and risk in the Auckland Volcanic Field. Geologically Acve. London: Taylor & Francis Group 8. Cova, T. J., & Conger, S. (2003) Transportaon Hazards. (M. Kutz, Ed.) (In: Transp.). Salt Lake City, Utah: Centre for Natural and Technological Hazards, University of Utah Main Photo: (Adapted from) Stephen Witherden (2008) Auckland Harbour Bridge at Sunset. hp://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Auckland_ Harbour_Bridge_Sunset.jpg, Accessed on 17 September 2013. Methods • Applicaon to Auckland GIS and computer modelling will be used to apply findings to Auckland and demonstrate key vulnerabilies. Fragility funcon development will allow quantave assessment of ash fall. • Readiness improvements A Dynamic Impact Assessment Tool will be developed (through RiskScape) to enable improvement of transportaon, evacuaon and recovery planning in Auckland. Scenarios will be created based on exisng ‘lifeline hotspots’ to demonstrate results. Both the present and future network in Auckland will be considered, including new and proposed transportaon projects such as the Waterview Connecon, rail electrificaon and City Rail Link. • Lab work Facilies such as the Volcanic Ash Tesng Laboratory (VATLab) at the University of Canterbury will be used to test vehicle tracon. Volcanic ash variables to be tested include depth, grain size, composion and moisture content. Other variables may include road surface texture, road slope and vehicle type. • Field studies These will support findings of lab work and be used for further tesng. Portable Skid Resistance Tester ‘GRIPTESTER’ Skid Resistance Tester Examples of tesng equipment Research quesons 1. What are the consequences for ground transportaon system funconality during and aſter volcanic erupons, and how can they be captured in quantave risk assessment tools? 2. What is the volcanic risk (with a focus on vulnerability) to current and planned ground transportaon networks in Auckland? 3. How will post-erupon recovery in Auckland be impacted by a compromised transportaon network? Why is this important? • Auckland is a vital link in New Zealand’s economy with a growing populaon and increasing reliance on transportaon. • Auckland could be impacted by volcanic ash and other pyroclasc deposits from a local erupon in the Auckland Volcanic Field, or elsewhere in the central North Island 6 . • The next erupon in Auckland could connue for several months to years 7 , potenally compromising the transportaon system for some me. • Transportaon lifelines are considered one of the most important in an emergency because of their vital role in the restoraon of all other lifelines 8 . Potenal sources of ash The problem Volcanic ash can create complex situaons in terms of risk management, parcularly as it is much more widely dispersed than other volcanic hazards, potenally falling tens to hundreds of kilometres from its source. Following previous erupons (e.g. Mount St. Helens 1980 1 , Ruapehu 1995-96 2 , Mount Etna 2004 3 , Chaiten 2008 4 ), transportaon has been disrupted by ash fall. Roads become slippery, making driving difficult and increasing the number of traffic accidents. Despite considerable research into the impacts of volcanic ash on other crical infrastructure 4,5 , there has been lile work to reliably quanfy the impact on ground transportaon. Few studies have analysed how different ash depths and properes influence vehicle mobility. Volcanic Ash Impacts on Ground Transportaon in Auckland Daniel Blake PhD Student 2013-2016 ([email protected]) Supervisors: Dr Jan Lindsay (University of Auckland), Dr Thomas Wilson (University of Canterbury), Dr Natalia Deligne (GNS Science) Funded by: The Earthquake Commission (EQC) and the ‘DEtermining VOlcanic Risk in Auckland’ (DEVORA) Project
Transcript of Ground Transportation in Auckland - Natural Hazards...• Auckland is a vital link in New...
References1. Blong, R. J. (1984) Volcanic Hazards: A Sourcebook on the Effects of Eruptions. New South Wales, Australia: Academic Press2. Johnston, D. M. (1997) Physical and social impacts of past and future volcanic eruptions in New Zealand. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand 3. Barnard, S. (2003) Potential effects of any future 1886-type eruption from Tarawera volcano on the Bay of Plenty region. University of Canterbury, Christchurch4. Wilson, T. M., Stewart, C., Sword-Daniels, V., Leonard, G. S., Johnston, D. M., Cole, J. W., Barnard, S. T. (2012) Volcanic ash impacts on critical infrastructure. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 45–46(0), 5–235. Wardman, J. B., Wilson, T. M., Bodger, P. S., Cole, J. W., & Johnston, D. M. (2012) Investigating the electrical conductivity of volcanic ash and its effect on HV power systems. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 45–46, 128–145 6. Lindsay, J. M., & Peace, C. (2005) AELG-7: Health and Safety Issues in a Volcanic Ash Environment (Vol. Auckland R, p. 55). Auckland: Auckland Engineering Lifelines Group 7. Lindsay, J. M. (2010) Volcanoes in the big smoke: A review of hazard and risk in the Auckland Volcanic Field. Geologically Active. London: Taylor & Francis Group8. Cova, T. J., & Conger, S. (2003) Transportation Hazards. (M. Kutz, Ed.) (In: Transp.). Salt Lake City, Utah: Centre for Natural and Technological Hazards, University of Utah
Main Photo: (Adapted from) Stephen Witherden (2008) Auckland Harbour Bridge at Sunset. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Auckland_Harbour_Bridge_Sunset.jpg, Accessed on 17 September 2013.
Methods
• Application to Auckland GIS and computer modelling will be used to apply findings to Auckland and demonstrate key vulnerabilities. Fragility function development will allow quantitative assessment of ash fall.
• Readiness improvements A Dynamic Impact Assessment Tool will be developed (through RiskScape) to enable improvement of transportation, evacuation and recovery planning in Auckland. Scenarios will be created based on existing ‘lifeline hotspots’ to demonstrate results.
Both the present and future network in Auckland will be considered, including new and proposed transportation projects such as the Waterview Connection, rail electrification and City Rail Link.
• Lab work Facilities such as the Volcanic Ash Testing Laboratory (VATLab) at the University of Canterbury will be used to test vehicle traction. Volcanic ash variables to be tested include depth, grain size, composition and moisture content. Other variables may include road surface texture, road slope and vehicle type.
• Field studies These will support findings of lab work and be used for further testing. Portable Skid Resistance Tester ‘GRIPTESTER’ Skid Resistance Tester
Examples of testing equipment
Research questions1. What are the consequences for ground transportation system functionality during and after volcanic eruptions, and how can they be captured in quantitative risk assessment tools?
2. What is the volcanic risk (with a focus on vulnerability) to current and planned ground transportation networks in Auckland?
3. How will post-eruption recovery in Auckland be impacted by a compromised transportation network?
Why is this important?• Auckland is a vital link in New
Zealand’s economy with a growing population and increasing reliance on transportation.
• Auckland could be impacted by volcanic ash and other pyroclastic deposits from a local eruption in the Auckland Volcanic Field, or elsewhere in the central North Island6.
• The next eruption in Auckland could continue for several months to years7, potentially compromising the transportation system for some time.
• Transportation lifelines are considered one of the most important in an emergency because of their vital role in the restoration of all other lifelines8.
Potential sources of ashThe problemVolcanic ash can create complex situations in terms of risk management, particularly as it is much more widely dispersed than other volcanic hazards, potentially falling tens to hundreds of kilometres from its source.
Following previous eruptions (e.g. Mount St. Helens 19801, Ruapehu 1995-962, Mount Etna 20043, Chaiten 20084), transportation has been disrupted by ash fall. Roads become slippery, making driving difficult and increasing the number of traffic accidents.
Despite considerable research into the impacts of volcanic ash on other critical infrastructure4,5, there has been little work to reliably quantify the impact on ground transportation. Few studies have analysed how different ash depths and properties influence vehicle mobility.
Volcanic Ash Impacts on Ground Transportation in Auckland
Daniel BlakePhD Student 2013-2016
Supervisors: Dr Jan Lindsay (University of Auckland), Dr Thomas Wilson (University of Canterbury), Dr Natalia Deligne (GNS Science)Funded by: The Earthquake Commission (EQC) and the ‘DEtermining VOlcanic Risk in Auckland’ (DEVORA) Project
