Groove Time October 29, 2013
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Transcript of Groove Time October 29, 2013
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Groove TimeOctober 29, 2013 What part of the world did the Vikings
come from? What did Vikings do during the 9th
and 10th centuries? What was valued in Viking society? Who were the first settlers of North
America and when did they arrive?
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The CrusadesOctober 29, 2013
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The Crusades Religious conflicts between Christians
and Muslims in the Middle Ages War against the “infidels” or
unbeliever
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Knight Templars Most skilled
Christian fighters Protect Christian
pilgrims in the Holy Land
Provided both knights and money to fund the Crusades
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First Crusade, 1096-1099 CE Byzantine Emperor Alexius I asked
Pope Urban II for help against the Turks in 1096
Mostly French Attracted by religion, adventure and
wealth Holy city of Jerusalem taken by army
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Second Crusade,1147-1149 CE Cities recaptured by Muslims The Church calls for another
“crusade” Total failure for Christians
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Third Crusade, 1189-1192 CE Reaction to fall of the Holy City of
Jerusalem in 1187 Led by leaders of Germany, England
and France Ended with agreement that Christians
are allowed access to city but city remained under Muslim rule
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Fourth Crusade, 1202-1204 CE Set out to reclaim Muslim-controlled
Jerusalem Got distracted in Constantinople
Sacked the (Orthodox) Christian city
“There was never a greater crime against humanity than the Fourth Crusade.”
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Children’s Crusade, 1212 Nicholas of Cologne says God has
told him to lead a Children’s Crusade to Jerusalem
Thousands of young people follow to Italy
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Effects of Crusades Helped stabilize European society Development of centralized
governments Monarchs began to expand their powers
Growth in religious enthusiasm Laid the groundwork for the Inquisition
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Effects on Relations Solidified schism between Roman
Catholic and Orthodox Christians Merchants were more inclined to
trade with Middle East
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Ottoman EmpireOctober 30, 2013
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Intro Late 13th century, a group of Turks in
the NW corner of Anatolia Peninsula begin Ottoman Empire.
Expand to Western Asia, North Africa and Europe
Reached its height under Süleyman (1520-1566)
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Ottoman Rule “Gunpowder empire” –
outside conquerors unified the conquered regions Successful due to
military strength/technology
Sultan: supreme political and military leader Hereditary Advised by imperial
counsel Pashas: local rulers
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Religion Sunni Muslims
Sultan responsible for guiding flock and maintaining Islamic law
Tolerant of non-Muslims Paid taxes but allowed to worship
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Society Ruling class Merchants Artisans Peasants Pastoral peoples
Sultan owned all the land
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Culture Exchange of Western and Ottoman
ideas Patrons of the arts
Textiles, arms/armor and architecture (Mosques)
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Fall of Ottoman Empire Trade with Europe led to weakened
Ottoman economy Military failure in Vienna shows
weakness Expanding divide between upper and
lower classes