Grid Computing is a type of parallel and distributed system that enables the sharing, selection, and aggregation of geographically distributed "autonomous" resources dynamically at runtime depending on their availability, capability, performance, cost, and users' quality-of-service requirements

Grid computing is all about achieving greater performance and throughput by pooling resources on a local, national, or international level.

What is the Grid? Grid is an infrastructure, which allows

integrated, collaborative use of geographically separated, autonomous resources.

Integrate networking, communication, computation and information toprovide a virtual platform in the same way

A Grid…

… coordinates resources, which aren’t subordinated to a central authority ...

... and uses open, standard protocols and interfaces,

... to provide not trivial qualities of services .

CHARACTERISTICS OF GRID SYSTEM

Grids are about large-scale resource sharing. ◦ Spanning administrative boundaries.

Central processors, storage, network bandwidth, databases, applications, sensors and so on

Problem solving in dynamic, multi-institutional environment.

Organizing geographically distributed computing resources◦ So that they can be flexibly and dynamically allocated and accessed

Providing such capabilities, where Sharing is highly controlled, clear definitions of exactly what is shared, who is allowed to share, and the conditions under which sharing occurs.

IMPORTANCE OF GRID COMPUTING

Flexible, Secure, Coordinated resource sharing.

Virtualization of distributed computing resources.

Give worldwide access to a network of distributed resources.

GRID REQUIREMENTS

Security Resource Management Data Management Information Services Fault Detection Portability

TYPES OF GRID

Computational Grid-computing power

Scavenging Grid-desktop machines

Data Grid-data access across multiple organizations

Scavenging Grid

Computational Grid

Data Grid

Resource sharing◦ Computers, data, storage, sensors, networks, …◦ Sharing always conditional: issues of trust, policy,

negotiation, payment, … Coordinated problem solving

◦ Beyond client-server: distributed data analysis, computation, collaboration, …

Dynamic, multi-institutional virtual organizations◦ Community overlays on classic org structures◦ Large or small, static or dynamic

Science Today is a Team Sport!!

PROS AND CONS

PROS CONS

Time Saving Resource Management(Who is Prior?)

Resource Saving Security Problem (Data is Remote)

Space Saving Schedule Problem(Who, When?)

Money Saving

Used in an innovative way in a wide variety of areas including inventory control, enterprise computing, games, etc.

The Entropia system of peer-peer or Mega computing

SETI@HOME

Climateprediction.com is being developed by the UK e-Science program

e-Science scenario

How will grids will impact your everyday life? Who could imagine? Consider the following predictions about the future

"The world will only need five computers" (attributed to Thomas J. Watson, IBM) 

640 kilobytes is all the memory you will ever need" (attributed to Bill Gates, Microsoft)

"There is absolutely no need for a computer in the home" (attributed to Ken Olsen, DEC)(once a leading minicomputer manufacturer)

Grid Computing is becoming the platform for next generation escience experiments.

Grid computing is cooperation of different computers, for a specific task, so that the user acquires better performance for that specific task.

Davies, Antony (June 2004). "Computational Intermediation and the Evolution of Computation as a Commodity“.

"What is the Grid? A Three Point Checklist"(PDF). www-ffp.mcs.anl.gov/~foster/Articles/WhatIsTheGrid.pdf.

"Anatomy of the Grid"(PDF). www.globus.org/alliance/publications/papers/anatomy.pdf.

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