Grey Mangrove

8/8/2019 Grey Mangrove

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Grey Mangrove

Common name: Grey Mangrove, White mangrove Gujarati : tavarian Kannada : Ipati Malayalam : Orayi Marathi : Tavir, Tivar Tamil : Kanna Telugu : TellamadaBotanical name: Avicennia marina Family: Acanthaceae (Ruellia family)Synonyms: Sceura marinaGrey mangrove is a species of mangrove tree, found in large parts of Asia and Africa. It grow as ashrub or tree to a height of 3-14 m. The tree form is a gnarled arrangement of multiple branches. Ithas smooth light-grey bark made up of thin, stiff, brittle flakes, which gives it its common name.The leaves are thick, ovate-lanceshaped, 5-8 cm long, a bright, glossy green on the upper surface,and silvery-white, or grey, with very small matted hairs on the surface below. As with other Avicennia species, it has aerial roots. These grow to a height of about 20 cm, and a diameter of 1cm. These allow the plant to absorb oxygen, which is deficient in its habitat. The flowers rangefrom white to a golden yellow color, are less than a cm across, and occur in clusters of 3-5. Thefruit contains a large fleshy seed, often germinating on the tree and falling as a seedling.

Mango


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ommon name: Mango Hindi : Am Manipuri : Heinou Tamil : Ma Telugu : Mamidi Malayalam : Mangga Kannada : Mavina mara Marathi : Amba Konkani : Ambo Botanical name: Mangifera indica Family: Anacardiaceae (Cashew family)It is a matter of astonishment to many that the delicious mango, one of the most celebrated of Indianfruits, is a member of the family Anacardiaceaenotorious for embracing a number of highly

poisonous plants. The mango tree is erect, 30 to 100 ft high, with a broad, rounded canopy whichmay, with age, attain 100 to 125 ft in width, or a more upright, oval, relatively slender crown. Indeep soil, the taproot descends to a depth of 20 ft, the profuse, wide-spreading, feeder root systemalso sends down many anchor roots which penetrate for several feet. The tree is long-lived, somespecimens being known to be 300 years old and still fruiting. Nearly evergreen, alternate leaves are

borne mainly in rosettes at the tips of the branches and numerous twigs from which they droop likeribbons on slender petioles 1 to 4 in long. Hundreds and even as many as 3,000 to 4,000 small,yellowish or reddish flowers, 25% to 98% male, the rest hermaphroditic, are borne in profuse,showy, erect, pyramidal, branched clusters 2 1/2 to 15 1/2 in high. There is great variation in theform, size, color and quality of the fruits. They may be nearly round, oval, ovoid-oblong, or somewhat kidney-shaped, often with a break at the apex, and are usually more or less lop-sided.

Chironji Tree


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Common name: Chironji Tree, almondette, calumpong nut, Cheronjee, Cuddapah almond,Hamilton mombin Hindi : char, chironji, chiraunji, piyal, pra-savak, priyal Marathi : char, charoli, piyal Tamil : charam Malayalam :

muungaappeezh, nuramaram Telugu : char, charumamidi, priyaluvu, raj-adanamu Kannada : charoli, kolemaavu Bengali : chironji, piyal, sarop Oriya : charu, chanhra Konkani : char Urdu : chironji Assamese : piyal Gujarati : charoli Sanskrit : akhatth, muni,

piyala, prasavakh, priyala, rajanadanha, upavatth Nepali : chiraunjeeBotanical name: Buchanania lanzan Family: Anacardiaceae (Cashew family)Synonyms: Buchanania latifolia, Chironjia sapidaChironji Tree is a medium-sized deciduous tree, growing to about 50 ft tall. It bears fruits eachcotaining a single seed, which is popular as an edible nut, known as chironji . It is common in our forests mostly in eroded ravine lands. It avoids waterlogged areas, but occurs locally in clay soils. Itcan be identified by the dark grey crocodile bark with red blaze. A good species for afforesting barehill slopes. It has tickly leathery leaves which are broadly oblong, with blunt tip and rounded base.

Leaves have 10-20 pairs of straight, parallel veins. Pyramidal panicles of greenish while flowersappear in early spring. Fruits ripen from April to May and remain on the tree for quite a long time.Flowering: January-March.Medicinal uses: The roots are acrid, astringent, cooling, depurative and constipating, and are usefulin treatment of diarrhoea. Leaves are used in the treatment of skin diseases. Fruits are used intreating cough and asthma.

Sea Mango


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ommon name: Sea Mango, Madagascar ordeal bean,Odollam tree, pink-eyed cerbera, dog-bane Marathi : Sukanu Tamil : kodalma, kattarali, kottuma, caat aralie Malayalam : utalam, chattankaya Kannada : Chande, mondeBotanical name: Cerbera manghas Family: Apocynaceae (Oleander family)Synonyms: Cerbera venenifera, Tanghinia veneniferaSea Mango is a small evergreen coastal tree growing up 12 m tall. The shiny dark-green leaves arealternate, ovoid in shape. The flowers are fragrant, possessing a white tubular 5 lobed corolla about3 to 5 cm in diameter, with a pink to red throat. They have 5 stamens and the ovary is positionedabove the other flower parts. The fruits are egg-shaped, 5-10 cm long, and turn bright red atmaturity. Sea Mango is native to Madagascar, South-East Asia, and many Pacific islands.Flowering: April-August.Medicinal uses: The seed oil in plasters applied to the skin is effective for scabies and prurigo, andapplied to the hair kills head-lice. The glycosides extracted from the seeds are active on heartfailure. The trunk bark or the leaves are occasionally used as a purgative, but strict precautions must

be taken because of their high toxicity.

Malay Apple


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Common name: Malay Apple, Mountain Apple, Rose Apple Hindi : Malay jamun Bengali : Malaka jamrul Assamese : Pani-jamuk Botanical name: Syzygium malaccense Family: Myrtaceae (Bottlebrush family)Synonyms: Eugenia malaccensis, Jambosa malaccensisMalay Apple is native to Malaysia, but has been introduced in many tropical countries, includingIndia. It is a medium sized tree, growing up to 60 ft tall. The evergreen leaves are opposite, softleathery and dark green: the flowers are purplish - red and form a carpet after falling under the tree.The fruit is oblong to pear shaped with a dark red skin and white flesh; sometimes it is seedless.The fruit is oblong-shaped and dark red in color, although some varieties have white or pink skin.The flesh is white and surrounds a large seed. The flesh makes a jam prepared by stewing with

brown sugar and ginger. The trunk of the Mountain Apple tree was used by the people of oldHawai'i to build beams for their hale, house and for fashioning bowls and poi-boards. A reddish

brown dye for making patterns on tapa bark cloth, was processed from the bark and the root.Medicinal uses: A decoction of the bark is used against vaginal infection, while the root is used totreat itching. The root is also effective against dysentery and as a diuretic. In Brazil, the plant is alsoused as a remedy for diabetes and constipation.

Bottle Brush


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Common name: Bottle brush Hindi : Cheel Manipuri : Barap leiBotanical name: Callistemon viminalis Family: Myrtaceae (Bottlebrush family)The flower spikes of bottlebrushes form in spring and summer and are made up of a number of individual flowers. The pollen of the flower forms on the tip of a long coloured stalk called afilament. It is these filaments which give the flower spike its colour and distinctive 'bottlebrush'shape. The filaments are usually yellow or red, sometimes the pollen also adds a bright yellow flushto the flower spikes. Each flower produces a small woody fruit containing hundreds of tiny seeds.These fruits form in clusters along the stem, and are usually held on the plant for many years. Theseeds are usually not released from the fruits for several years, but in some species the fruits openafter about a year. Fire also stimulates the opening of the fruits in some bottlebrushes.

Kaori


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Common name: Kaori (Marathi), Bhansuli (Hindi), Narutha (Malayalam), Gurguri(Kannada), Panisara (Bengali)Botanical name: Grewia serrulata Family: Tiliaceae (phalsa family)

Kaori is a small tree with slender branches, bark dark grey, leaves thin sharply serrate, ovate tolanceolate, acuminate. The tree flowers in Aug-Dec. Fruits drupe, fleshy, greenish black when ripe.

It is a cousine of the popular edible fruit Phalsa . Occurs occasionally in moist deciduous forests.

Urn-Fruit Beauty Berry


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Common name: Velvety Beauty Berry, French-Mulberry of Western Ghats Hindi : Priyangu,Bastra Marathi : Kan-phulia, Aesar Tamil : Seembakkulthu Malayalam :Thinperivelam Vennthekku Kannada : ArdriBotanical name: Callicarpa macrophylla Family: Verbenaceae (Verbena family)Synonyms: Callicarpa incana, Callicarpa tomentosaUrn-Fruit Beauty Berry is an evergreen large shrub or small tree with densely hairy parts. Leavessimple opposite. Eye-catching flowers in a terminal cymes, with four purple petals. Oppositelyarranged leaves, 10-25 cm long, 5-7.5 cm broad, are ovate-lanceshaped to oblong-lanceshaped,sharp tipped, toothed, dark-green and smooth above, pale or dull and densely woolly below. Leaf stalks are 10-15 mm long. Fruit is a red, globose berry. Seed one each in a locule (4 locules) This

plant is commonly seen at the edges of wet deciduous and evergreen forests of the ghats. Native of peninsular India. Extends upto Srilanka too.

Ice Plant


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Common name: Ice Plant, Livingston Daisy, Mesembs, Mesembryanthemum Hindi : Burf Botanical name: Dorotheanthus bellidiformis Family: Aizoaceae (ice plant family)Synonyms: Mesembryanthemum criniflorumIce plant, native to South Africa, is a small succulent ground cover which forms patches of brilliant,almost flourescent colour in spring. Ice plant is very peculiar in appearance. The plant is coveredwith bladder-like cells that store water. They glisten in the sun giving it an appearance of icicles,hence the common name. Older leaves redden with age, giving the plant color. It has no true petals.Instead flowers have two rings of white stamens (the male sexual organs) surrounding the femaleorgans. The outer ring of stamens is flattened and petal-like and only the inner ring of stamens isfertile. Modified Petal-like stamens are highly unusual in seed-bearing plants. The flowers aresingle and may reach up to 5 cm across. They vary in colour from white to pink and shades of orange and yellow. Today ice plant is widespread across the globe; it can be found in Australia,Asia, the Americas, Mediterranean Europe, the Atlantic Islands, and North and South America.

Golden Ice Plant


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Common name: Golden Ice Plant, Orange Ice PlantBotanical name: Lampranthus aureus Family: Aizoaceae (Ice plant family)Synonyms: Mesembryanthemum aureumGolden Ice Plant is a neatly rounded, erect, succulent plant that grows up to about half a meter tall.The leaves are paired, free or slightly fused at the base, dark green, up to 5 cm long. The plant isliked for its unbelievably bright orange flowers. The shiny orange flowers are borne singly or inclusters on short stalks, are 6 cm in diameter. There are some yellow forms of this plant too.Flowers are followed by a woody fruit capsule that has five compartments. Golden Ice Plant isnative to South Africa, and grown as an ornamental in India.

Globe Candytuft


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Common name: Globe Candytuft, Garden candytuftBotanical name: Iberis umbellata Family: Brassicaceae (Mustard family)Globe Candytuft is an old-fashioned annual used in cottage gardens. It's name conjures up imagesof delicious sweets, but it is actually named for the Mediterranean area of Candia. This decorative

plant grows to a height of 12-16 inches. It has shiny, dark green lance-shaped leaves, up to 3.5inches long. Flowers range in color from pink, purple and mauve to white. Flowers have 4 petals,with two being longer than the other two. Globe Candytuft makes a great cutflower. It tolerates awide range of climatic conditions but needs a sunny location and well-composted, alkaline soil.This famous flower is unusual. It is in bloom in just weeks from seed. Couldn't be easier to grow.Simply scatter seed on loosened ground in spring. Candytuft prefers dry conditions.

Blue Water Lily


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Common name: Blue water lily, Blue lotus of India Hindi : Neelkamal Manipuri : Thariktharo Tamil : Neelambal Kannada : Nyadalehuvu Bengali : Nil-sapla

Botanical name: Nymphaea nouchali Family: Nymphaeaceae (waterlily family)Synonyms: Nymphaea stellata, Nymphaea cyanea, Nymphaea edgeworthiiThe Blue Waterlily, also known as the Indian Blue Lotus is a water-lily that is found in India. Theleaves are broadly rounded, 25-40 cm across, with a notch at the leaf stem. The flowers are 10-15cm diameter, open in the morning, rising to the surface of the water, then close and sink at dusk. Ithas blue petals, smoothly changing to a pale yellow in the centre of the flower. There is variety

Nymphaea nouchali var. caerulea is the sky-blue colored so-called Egyptian 'lotus'. It is foundgrowing along the Nile. It was considered extremely significant in Egyptian mythology, since itrose and fell with the sun. Consequently, due to its colourings, it was identified, in some beliefs, ashaving been the original container, in a similar manner to an egg, of Atum, and in similar beliefsRa, both solar deities. As such, its properties form the origin of the lotus variant of the Ogdoadcosmogeny.

Golden Arch Dendrobium


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Common name: Golden Arch Dendrobium, Golden Bow Dendrobium Manipuri : KhongumeleiBotanical name: Dendrobium chrysotoxum Family: Orchidaceae (orchid family)Synonyms: Dendrobium suavissimumGolden Arch Dendrobium is a stunningly beautiful orchid native to North-East India. It firstappeared in England in 1858. The plant is adored for it arching spikes of 4 cm waxy, bright orangefragrant flowers, with fringed lip. The goldish ,spindle-shaped pseudobulbs are groovedlengthwise . They are ended by two (or even three)extended oval tough leaves. The flower stalk grows out of the apex of the pseudobulb and is covered with up to 20 flowers. The flowers areyellow,the lip orange-and-yellow with a frilly edge. A very showy species that will develop intolarge multiflowered clumps, a pot or basket is needed, with lots of water and fertiliser when inactive growth and a dryer rest after flowering. This can be a difficult species for growers in warmclimates because it requires bright light for satisfactory growth and flower production but prefersintermediate temperatures.

Grey Mangrove

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