Gresh - The Rise of Islamic Banking and Finance in Central Asia

8/12/2019 Gresh - The Rise of Islamic Banking and Finance in Central Asia

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The Fletcher School Al Nakhlah Tufts University160 Packard Avenue Medford, MA 02155-7082 USA Tel: +1.617.627.3700

The Fletcher School Online Journal for issues related to Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization Fall 2007

.

1991, M

C A

C I . I

D B (IDB)

I

.

IDB I

.

M, C A

C I

I

. D

, IDB

I

. A M

,

, I

.

L, IDB

I .

Background

I

C A.

1991, M

I . M, I

I

I

C A,

. O

, .

M

,

,

In the last decade,Islamic banking andfinance have becomesignificant forces for

positive change in the

region. , 2007,

.

.

,

,

, .


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The Fletcher School Al Nakhlah Tufts University

2

. H,

I , M

C A

C

.

, I

C A

C . A M

, ,

,

I,

.

,

,

.

C A,

I

. N,

I DB (IDB) J, A

I

.

IDB

.

M, C A

C I

I . D

, IDB

I

. E

, M

I

. I , I

. IDB

I .

F ,

I

M

: A, K,

, , ,

K. E I

. IDB

. I

, A

K. I ,

IDB

.

. I

I ,

,

I

.

Islam in Central Asia

D

, I,

I ,

.

, I

. I ,

H I

M I

C ,


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Fall 2007


3

,

,

. I ,

. I

, , P K

I ,

.

. M, P K

A

IM H

.

D I ,

I C A K,

A, K. A

, I

P N,

.

I , I

1990

I

. I

M

.1

,

I.

M

. A

I

.2

IDB and the Arrival of Islamic Banking andFinance in Central Asia

I

C A,

I IDB

I

. I

, ,

M

I .

,

C A IDB:

A (1992); K (1993);

(1994); K (1995);

(1996); (2003). B 1997,

IDB A,

K B

. A (OA) IDB

.3

O , IDB

I . I

, IDB

O I

C (OIC): IDB

CI

C I ( ) OIC

.4

, IDB

(.. ,

, , )

(

). IDB

I

.5

1.1

IDB

M 2003,

IDB. 1.2

.

I IDB

OIC CI ,


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4

. L,

A,

,

IDB 2003.

1.1:

2003 () : I

D B6

1.2:

2003 () : I D

B7

C, IDB G

C A $650 .8 I

IDB

.

H

IDB C A,

IDB

I .

E

I .

Kazakhstan

I

I , IDB K

. G

, K ,

IDB

K. F IDB, K

I

IDB

I . M,

K

I .

P N

. N,

IDB

:

$9.57 A

G . ,

,

.9

A IDB,

C A

I C K

.10

$20

A

AK

K.11

$13.6

K L

H.12

$14.7

K

K P B

CountryUS Dollars(millions)

CurrentProjects

Albania US$ 59.844 17Azerbaijan US$ 81.660 19Kazakhstan US$ 76.275 20KyrgyzRepublic

US$ 64.839 16

Tajikistan US$ 63.141 18Turkmenistan US$ 74.345 11

TOTAL US$ 420.104 101

Sector US Dollars(millions) %

Transport US$137.398 34.5

Utilities US$100.047 25.2

Agriculture US$75.893 19.1

Social US$56.480 14.2

Others US$19.700 5.0Technicalassistance

US$8.149 2.0

TOTAL US$397.667 100.0


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5

( ), K

C B (

), B A (

).13

$30

AA .

14

K IDB

. I

2003 K

P A

I M, A

D, IDB

B G. A

, K

N

IDB

K. I ,

,

.

N,

K

IDB . I

IDB

K

.

I

K

IDB,

C A IDB , N

A N

,15

K M.

M

I

I

I .

, IDB

N

B K M

K

.16

Azerbaijan

D I

, A

, ,

IDB.17

I , IDB

B ,

A. I IDB

:18

$10 ,

,

, ,

A 1994

NK.19

$9.8

300,000

.20

$9

, ,

2000 .21

$58

,

K ,

2004.22

$22

.23

$13.5

(A)

D

A

.24

I , A

IDB

.25

Islamic banking andfinance through the

IDB will no doubtcontinue to thrive inthe future because of

Kazakhstans relativelystable politicalsituation and

flourishing economy.


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$10.4

.26

A M , A

IDB I

A. A I

P A

, A

I . M, C

, I , I

, A ,

A

I

A . ,

A

IDB

I

I

.27

H,

A

A , 60

GDP ,

A

. IDB

A

. , I

. M,

IDB

, I

A .

Kyrgyzstan P A 2005,

K

. I ,

K I

,

I M (IM)

.28

IDB,

K IDB

. I

I

I

. A A,

I

.29

A

I K

IDB. I , ,

IDB

:

I 1997, $10

,

$3

$280,000

222

.30

I 2001, $9.5

O.

$36.4

K K.31

$54

,

, ,

.32

D

IDB, K

. K

, I

. N, IDB

I

I IDB.


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7

Turkmenistan

P N, I

. I,

P N

P

. H,

.

A

IDB 1994, IDB

.

:

$8 1993

I.33

$9.7

D C

P 1999.34

I 1996, IDB

I

711 A

E .

E,

F .35

Uzbekistan

A ,

. I ,

, $700

.

25

, , , .36

N,

IDB

I

P K . I

, P K

IDB

M , H

,

I

. I , K

I ,

.

A , IDB

OIC ,

I . I

, IDB

:

$30 ,

A D B,

, B .37

$54 : O $15

N B

F E A

; $12.5

,

; $25

;

$143,000

.38

I 2005, I C

D P ,

IDB G, N

B

.39

I

IDB, IDB

.

. P K

M

IDB K


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I

I

.

Tajikistan

G

,

I

IDB.

70%

90% .

IDB:

$52.4

IDB

(20012003)

,

, , , .40

$9.1

I P

2001.41

$2.5

E C C 2001.42

$64 2003

124

,

,

,

.43

$11.6

200506.44

I , IDB

I

. I 2003,

, IDB 150

I

.45

F ,

I

. H,

I

.

I

. M,

, K,

M F

. D

,

I P (IP)

M

I . ,

I IDB

I .

Conclusion

I , M

C A

C I

. A

,

M

IDB. N

IDB

,

M

I

.

A

I

,

. M

,

In addition to the

lucrative oil and gasprofits made by thesefour countries, there

has been a rising trendof rentier state

formation across theregion.


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9

. M

. H,

, A

K,

, ,

I

. C,

,

IDB .

I ,

.

IDB

. D

, IDB

, A K.

M, IDB

. I

, I

,

.

A

, I

M

. ,

1990

. H,

I

,

I . A ,

IDB I

.

M, I

I

.

I, IDB

M C

A C. H,

A K

I

.

,

K,

, .

N, I

I

.

, ,

,

()

.


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WORKS CITED

1P M, E I C A, :

25, . 9 (D 2001), A CIAO N ( N 14, 2007).2F I C A, I C G, :

, ICG A . 59, J 10, 2003.3I D B, , 1425, 5:

( 1 A 2006).4., P O, D. A B.

5A B, I D B (IDB) CI

,, 5, 1993, A L N ( M 20,

2006).6I D B, A IDB A, A, K, K ,

, M 2003,

( 20 M 2006).7I D B, A IDB A, A, K, K ,

, M 2003,

( 20 M 2006).8I D B, , 1425, C P

O, D. A B.9IDB B E D A N F,, J 17, 1998, A

L N ( M 25, 2006).10

K; E

,, A 3, 1997, A L N ( M 25, 2006).11

I B K $20 , , J 26, 2000, A

L N ( M 25, 2006).12

K: IDB $278 , , 3,

2003, A L N ( M 25, 2006).13

I B 14.7 3 K , , N 11, 2000,A L N ( M 25, 2006).

14I D B $30 K , , M 26, 2000,

A L N ( M 25, 2006).15

P N, IDB

K . (

K M, F K A.)16

M K ,

, 23, 2003, A L N ( M 25, 2006).17

E M N E IDBA ,,

16, 2004, A L N ( M 24, 2006).18

IDB B,, J 29, 2005, A L N

( M 24, 2006).19

M , A P ; $9.8 IDB,,

J 13, 1994. , I D B

A,, M 25,

1998, A L N ( M 24, 2006).20

A $9.8 IDB ,, J 12, 1994, A L N (

M 24, 2006).


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11

21I A 9M 2000 , , A 22,

2003, A L N ( M 24, 2006).22

IDB $58M A,, D 27, 2004, A L N

( M 24, 2006).23

A: IDB $22 MLN A , , M 18, 2004, A

L N ( M 24, 2006).24

I D B A, , J 23,

2004, A L N ( M 24, 2006).25

I D B A, , J 5, 2005,

A L N ( M 24, 2006).26

A L, I B D C A, , M 11,

2005, A L N ( M 24, 2006).27

M IDB

I .28

A K, K: O O C , ., D 16,

2002: (

M 24, 2006).29

KI ,, M 11, 1992, A

L N ( M 24, 2006).30

IDB K 3 , , N 18, 1997, A L

N ( M 24, 2006).31

I D B, K , , J 6,

2001, A L N ( M 24, 2006).32

I D B A K 9M D , , J 20,

2003, A L N ( M 24, 2006).33

I OK C A, , A 6, 1993, A

L N ( M 20, 2006).34

IDB $200 ,, D 8, 1999, A LN ( M 20, 2006).

35: E, , F 15, 2001, A L

N ( M 20, 2006).36

B, I F B C D, , O 8, 2005,

A L N ( M 22, 2006).37

$470 2011, ,

A 7, 2005, A L N ( M 22, 2006).38

I D B G 52MD G, , O 5, 2004,

A L N ( M 22, 2006).39

B, I F B C D, , O 8, 2005,

A L N ( M 22, 2006).40

I D B, , 20, 2001,

A L N ( M 20, 2006).41

198 IDB B E D A N F M $300

, , F 28, 2001, A L N ( M

20, 2006).42

G , IDB $507 ,, J 9, 2001,

A L N ( M 20, 2006).


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43I B C 64M A B, ,

25, 2003, A L N ( M 20, 2006).44

I B , , A 14, 2005, A

L N ( M 20, 2006).45

170 I , ,

25, 2003, A L N ( M 20, 2006).

Gresh - The Rise of Islamic Banking and Finance in Central Asia

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