Green Electrification

How Finland positions itself on a global level

Jarmo PartanenProfessor, Dean, School of Energy Systems

jarmo.partanen@lut.fi, +358 40 5066564LUT University

9.6.2020

2

“Need”

XX

ELECTRICITYq Storable, unlimited !, clean, low cost,

--> The primary energy source

à Second wave of electrification; qChemical industry, steel industry, cement industry, energy sector,

transportation, agriculture, … (target of COP21)

Electrification - Basis

Transport

E-mobility Existing infra

Synthetic e-fuelsSynthesis/Bioprocess

Electrolysis

CO2 capture

Paper & pulpindustry

Cementindustry

Oilrefinery

H2

Ammonia, otherchemical products

Chemicalindustry

Feed/foodprotein

Agriculture

CO2

Air

Water

N2

Power and heatindustry

Electricity production

Grid &operation

E2

E2

Manufacturing industry

Finance Government

Storage

H2 infra Steel industryN2

capture

Green electrification E2 – system level interactions and impacts

CO2CO2

CC

CxHx

C

CO2CO2

C

CCO2

H2

CxHx

XX

Potential of resources in Finland; Bio based CO2

Potential of resources in Finland; All sources of CO2

Potential of resources in Finland; Need of electricity for H2 production, TWh/a

Transport

E-mobility Existing infra

Synthetic e-fuelsSynthesis/Bioprocess

Electrolysis

CO2 capture

Paper & pulpindustry

Cementindustry

Oilrefinery

H2

Ammonia, otherchemical products

Chemicalindustry

Feed/foodprotein

Agriculture

CO2

Air

Water

N2

Power and heatindustry

Electricity production

Grid &operation

E2

E2

Manufacturing industry

Finance Government

Storage

H2 infra Steel industryN2

capture

20 Mtn/a

80 TWh/a 150 TWh/a

3.3..2020 LUT/Jarmo Partanen

Production of electricity was about 70 TWh/a in 2019

Need of additional clean, cheap electricity is +200-400 TWh/a

Mission impossible?

Wind power potential in FinlandExisting production of wind power is about 12 TWh/aIn planning phase there are capacities of 37 TWh/a

Mission possible!

Existing 50 TWh/a Potential 250 TWh/a

Areal balance between demand and supply Demand Supply

New transmission lines and flexibility markets are inevitable

What is the best way to transfer energy –

Transfer of electricity or hydrogen.

Is there a need to transfer CO2 ?

Operation of System of Systems

Innovation needs, resources and technology readiness levels

Smart Grid conceptIncl. P2X2P

Market mechanism

including sector coupling

Biomass

Wind: > 50 TWh/a

2-3 5-6

Platformsfor flexibility

Enabling solutions (tech)

Autonomous agents

Supply (production)

PV: > 5 TWh(distributed)

Nuclear

CHP (decreasing)

8-9

8-9

8-9

8-9

Prediction, forecasting 7-8

5-6

2-3

Flexibility trading incl. consumers

5-6 Management of assets (monitor

and control)

Tariffs, taxation and regulation to support

DSF incl. consumers

Regulation to support innovations,

e.g. on sectorcoupling

Regulation

2-3

2-3

Demand (consumption)

Industry & heat & cool, P2X

Consumers; existing, local PV, EVs, storages, heat pumps

8-95-6

8-9

Balance of power system

Transmission & distribution grid

capacity 8-9

8-95-6

Supply infra/operation

7-8

7-8

CO2

H2

HydrogenMethaneMethanol

Dimethyl etherBensinDiesel

Existing industries (Paper industry, Plastics etc.)

StorageSynthesisTransport (airplanes, ships, cars, lorries)

Electrolysis

CO2capture

FinnsementtiLappeenranta

Feasiblity study on industrial sized production pilot of carbon neutral fuels at Joutseno

Electricity

Bio based CO2neutralFuels

Grid and Balancing

KemiraJoutseno

St1, Neste

Kemira processes needs, District heating (Joutseno)

H2OWater

electrolysis

Heat

O2 Balancing

LUT, Wärtsilä Technologyproviders

Finnair

ShellSmall and medium size engineering companies

27 000 tn/a

Air

Electrolysis

CO2

H2

H20

Synthesis

Electricity

CO2 capture

SOLETAIR - Fuel from the air