Green IT

9/17/2012 ITM Business School, Kharghar

Prof Kalpana Kumaran

Prof Sudip Chakraborty

Prof Tarvinder Randhawa

Green IT

Definition:environmentally sustainable computing or IT

As Murugesan defines the field of green computing as

"the study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and

disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—

such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and

communications systems—efficiently and effectively with

minimal or no impact on the environment.

9/17/2012 ITM Business School, Kharghar

Green IT

Goals

1. Reduce the use of hazardous materials

2. Maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime

3. Promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste.

9/17/2012 ITM Business School, Kharghar

Green IT

Carbon reduction committee in UKGrowing energy requirements result in higher emissions from electricity generating points

Smart IT SolutionsIT virtualization, consolidation and IT outsourcing have improved operational costs

Web applicationsWeb applications that are hosted on web servers

Cache applications managementReducing the server’s CPU time through cache management applications also helps reduce a server’s energy consumption

ITM Business School, Kharghar

Green IT

5. Dashboard Tools To monitor and track energy consumptions and estimate energy cost benefits.Example - Microsoft released an environmental dashboard that helps mid-size organizations to aggregate information on fuel and power consumption and approximate CO2 emissions.

6. Lean ManagementEliminating waste, amplifying learning, delivering fast, empowering teams and building integrity are the principles of lean management. – waste reduction leads to reduced energy consumption.

ITM Business School, Kharghar

Green IT7. High-End Computing

Smart Software Applications can run on parallel computing platforms

No need of dedicated parallel systems to achieve parallel computing ,instead they can utilize large office networked desktop PCs that are idle most of the time to achieve this.

ITM Business School, Kharghar

Green IT

Use of Open Source MethodologiesMoodle

Benefits

Students point of view and faculty point of view.Open source platform for E-Learning and evaluation

systems.Paperless work cost savingStudent friendlyGreen Computing environment

PossibilitiesCourse Content Creation Feedback ManagementOn-line activities – ExaminationOff-line activities – Assignment/notes submission

ITM Business School, Kharghar

Green IT

Example

1. NightWatchman Software to automatically power off desktop PCs during non-

working hours

Benefits

25 Million KWHs of electricity saved per year ->23 kilo-tons of CO2

emissions eliminated

2. Virtual Servers to reduce servers energy consumption

Benefits

Replacing blade servers in data centres with virtual servers resulted

in 75% reduction in energy usage – Saving of 450k USD annually

3. Vmware Virtual Desktop Infrastructure for desktop PC manageability

Benefits

Virtual desktop-based infrastructure helped to secure patient

information in a hosted data centre - 72% reduction in power costs

to run desktop environment due to thin client architecture.

9/17/2012 ITM Business School, Kharghar

DATA CENTER

FACILITIES

END USER COMPUTIN

G

ASSET LIFECYCLE

IT SERVICE MANAGEME

NT

HR PRACTICES

ASSESSMENT MEASURES TOOLKIT

BENEFITS

NECESSARY COMPONENTS

EXPECTED COMPONENTS

WHAT A ORGANIZATION

MUST ACHIEVE ----EXP CARBON REDUCTION

GUIDE FOR IMPLEMENTING IMPROVEMENTS

TWO PATHS :- ONE FOR INDIVIDUAL

PILLAR AND ANOTHER FOR THE

OVERALL FUNCTIONS

TWO LEVELS :-•COMPETENCE •MATURITY

CONDITIONFOR

INCREASING MATURITY

LEVEL

EACH LEVEL CORRESPONDS TO BETTER STATE FOR

CARDON REDUCTION

CONDITION 1 SATISFY ALL

COMPETENCE LEVEL FOR ALL

FUNCTIONS

IF CONDITION 1 SATISFIED –

REDUCTION IN CARBON

EMISSION

Green Computing� It can be defined as the study and practice of

designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems—efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.

� Goals of Green Computing are similar to that of green chemistry.

� It aims at reducing use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency and promote recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste.

� Green computing researchers look at key issues and topics related to energy efficiency in computing and promoting environmentally friendly computer technologies and systems include energy efficient use of computers, design of algorithms and systems for environmentally- friendly computer technologies.

Roads to Green Computing� Green use — reducing the energy consumption of

computers and other information systems as well as using them in an environmentally sound manner .

� Green disposal — refurbishing and reusing old computers and properly recycling unwanted computers and other electronic equipment .

� Green design — designing energy-efficient and environmentally sound components, computers, servers, cooling equipment, and data centers .

� Green manufacturing — manufacturing electronic components, computers, and other associated subsystems with minimal impact on the environment .

Facts about Computer energy use.� Computer technology use accounts for 2% of

anthropogenic CO2 .-Roughly equivalent to aviation industry .-IT energy usage will double next 4 years .

� For every 12 consumers who keep power settings enabled for their on their monitors and PCs, CO2 emissions equivalent to removing one average automobile from the road will be avoided.

� If left on 24x7 for one year, this same computer will consume 1,270 kilowatt hours of electricity—that’s enough to release 1,715 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and the equivalent of driving 1,886 miles in the average car.

Datacenter Energy use� Power used by servers, cooling and ancillary infrastructure in

2005 accounted for about 1.2 percent of the United States’ electrical usage—the equivalent in capacity terms of about five 1,000 MW power plants (Jonathan Koomey, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory).

� U.S. energy consumption by data centers is expected to almost double in the next five years (U.S. EPA).

� Data center power and cooling costs have increased 800% since 1996. (IBM/Consultant Studies).

� Over the next five years, it is expected that most U.S. data centers will spend as much on energy costs as on hardware, and twice as much as they currently do on server management and administration costs. (IBM/Consultant Studies).

Steps towards Green Computing� Virtualization: Virtualization is the consolidation of

servers and systems to reduce power consumption and energy utilization. It leads to usage of more than one system on a single piece of physical hardware. This allows for minimum power consumption and maximum cooling.

� Power Saving: Industry standards like ACPI design and manufacture computer components in such a way that they result in power controlling and saving.

� Telecommuting: Employees working from home reduce the fuel emission that is created during commuting by vehicles. Moreover, there is reduction in overhead costs like light, electricity, etc. All this results in increased power and energy savings.

� VoIP: VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol and results in less telephone wiring and lower costs.

Cloud Computing� Cloud computing means using number of computer

servers through a network, which appears as they are one single coherent computer.

� Cloud Computing is a technique that can be used to save enormous cost on server hardware, administration and power consumption.

Benefits of Cloud Computing.

Power savings due to Cloud

Computing� If companies adopt cloud computing, they can reduce

the energy consumption of their IT and save money on energy bills.

� The research by Vedantrix and sponsored by AT&T, estimates that cloud computing could enable companies to save $12.3 billion off their energy bills. That translates into carbon emission savings of 85.7 million metric tons per year by 2020.

Steps towards Green computing� Wipro had announced the launch of its new eco-friendly

Wipro Greenware desktops, manufactured with materials completely free of deadly chemicals like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) - for the first time in India.

� Microsoft had announced their next data center in Siberia. The temperature of Siberia is always below 0 degrees even in summer days. This will help in saving energy consumed by cooling devices.

� The University of Oxford employs monitoring and wake-on-LAN services to help the campus community reduce the energy consumed by idle computers.

Wake on Lan service

WOL service� Wake on Lan service was tested on 200 computers.

� If a computer left on all the time, an 80 watt computer and 25 watt monitor will currently cost about £110 in energy charges and cause 494 kg CO2 equivalent to be released into the atmosphere.

� With WOL service it was observed that cost of energy consumed was about£24 in energy charges and result in 106 kg CO2.

� With WOL service a department with 200 computers will save about £17,000 and 78,000 kg CO2 eq per annum.

Actions that should be undertaken

by the Organizations� Use of thin clients or centralized control of the

desktop machines.

� Use of efficient OS. Red hat enterprise Linux 5 and 6 are termed as most efficient and power saving OS (better than Microsoft Windows Server and SUSE Enterprise Linux).

� Informing your staff about the power savings that has resulted due to their efforts.

� Have a separate department that would look for Power saving options.

Green IT

Conclusion

While there are numerous applications and options available to

achieve green IT goals, it is the willingness to use these

applications that makes all the difference.

To this end, a green IT team to be formed and need to be broken

with teams like facilities, marketing, human resources, production

and operations working together to accomplish the same goal.

9/17/2012 ITM Business School, Kharghar