ME5141 Special StudiesV.G. Saman Priyantha

Design and construction practices that significantly reduce, or eliminate the negative impact of buildings on the environment and its occupants with regard to site planning; safeguarding water use and water use efficiency; promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy; conserving materials and resources; and promoting indoor environmental quality.” (US Green Building Council)

Design and construction practices that significantly reduce or eliminate the negative impact of buildings on the environment and occupants in five broad areas:

Sustainable site planning Safeguarding water and water efficiency Energy efficiency and renewable energy Conservation of materials and resources Indoor environmental quality

25-60% energy savings 30-50% water savings Improved worker productivity – due to

improved lighting and thermal comfort Reduced sick time from allergies,

asthma & respiratory illness Lower life-cycle costs

Pre-20th century 1930s

Air conditioning Low voltage lighting Structural steel Reflective glasses

1970s Victor Olgyay (design with climate) Ralph Knowles (form & stability) Rachel Carson (silent spring)

1973 Energy task force formed by AIA (American Institute of

Architects) to response the energy crisis.

1977 USA department of energy was created.

1980 Sustainable Building Industry Council was founded

1987 UN World Commission on the Environment and

Development provided the first definition of the term “sustainable development,” as that which “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”

1990 Austin Green Building Program launched.

1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de

Janeiro, “Earth Summit. Austin Green Building Program was awarded for most innovative government environmental programs in the world.

1993 Greening of the White House: President Clinton announced

plans to make the Presidential mansion “a model for efficiency and waste reduction.” This encouraged participants to green other properties: the Pentagon, the Presidio, and the US Department of Energy Headquarters, Grand Canyon, Yellowstone, Alaska’s Denali

1993 US Green Building Council Founded

2000 Increasing number of municipalities and corporations

begin to demand and set internal standards for green buildings within their organizations.  Growth in green building organizations, attendance at professional conferences, and consumer awareness grows exponentially.

Today

Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design

Rating system for developing high performance, sustainable buildings

Voluntary, consensus-based, well recognized

Developed by US Green Building Council Adapted by the Canada Green Bldg

Council

Performance Category Credits/Points

Sustainable Sites 8 credits / 14 points

Water Efficiency 3 credits / 5 points

Energy & Atmosphere 6 credits / 17 points

Materials & Resources 7 credits / 13 points

Indoor Environmental Quality 8 credits / 15 points

Innovation & Design Process 2 credits / 5 points

LEED Designation Required Points

Total Possible Points 69 points

LEED® Platinum 52+ points

LEED® Gold 39 – 51 points

LEED® Silver 33 – 38 points

LEED® Certified 26 – 32 points

Water efficiency Energy & Atmosphere Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation & Design

Credit 1 Water Efficient Landscaping Credit 2 Innovative Wastewater

Technologies Credit 3 Water Use Reduction

Water efficient landscaping Drought tolerant plants Recycled rainwater system Non-potable water source use

Innovative waste water technologies Captured rainwater systems Recycled wastewater Recycled gray water Indigenous plants

Water use reduction Dual flush water closets Ultra low-flow water closets and urinals Waterless Urinals Sensor-operated, Low-flow lavatories Rainwater collection reuse systems Gray water reuse systems

Prerequisite 1 Fundamental Building Systems Commissioning

Prerequisite 2 Minimum Energy Performances Prerequisite 3 CFC Reductions in HVAC&R Equipment Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance Credit 2 Renewable Energy Credit 3 Additional Commissioning Credit 4 Ozone Depletion Credit 5 Measurement & Verification Credit 6 Green Power

Fundamental Building Systems commissioning Planned meetings & Audits by independent certified body.

Minimum Energy Performances Start from the design stage according to ASHRAE/Title24

CFC Reductions in HVAC&R Equipment No CFC based refrigerants & non refrigerant based cooling

Optimize Energy Performance Reduced demand, free energy, increase efficiency, recover

waste energy Renewable Energy – photovoltaic, solar thermal,

geothermal, bio gas Additional Commissioning – no or small HVAC systems for

equipment rooms only, evaporative systems

Prerequisite 1 Storage & Collection of Recyclables

Credit 1 Building Reuse Credit 2 Construction Waste Management Credit 3 Resource Reuse Credit 4 Recycled Content Credit 5 Local/Regional Materials Credit 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials Credit 7 Certified Wood

Designated & accessible end-user recycling area for paper, corrugated cardboards & metals

C1-Building Reuse: Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors and Roof

C2-Recycle and/or salvage 50% of building materials C3- Use salvaged or recycled materials 5%-10% by cost C4- Use 10% for construction materials: Divert from Disposal C5-Regional Materials: Extracted, Processed & Manufactured

Regionally within 500 miles from the site C6 – Use rapidly Renewable Materials (2.5% by value) C7 - Certified Wood for 50% of total

Prerequisite 1 Minimum IAQ Performance Prerequisite 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)

Control Credit 1 Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) Monitoring Credit 2 Increase Ventilation Effectiveness Credit 3 Construction IAQ Management Plan Credit 4 Low-Emitting Materials Credit 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control Credit 6 Controllability of Systems Credit 7 Thermal Comfort Credit 8 Daylight & Views

Prerequisite 1 Minimum IAQ Performance Design to meet ASHRAE 62-1-2004 (Ventilation, Drainage, filters,

records)

Prerequisite 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control

Credit 1 Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) Monitoring Install CO2 sensors, demand base ventilation systems, measure outside

air delivery

Credit 2 Increase Ventilation Effectiveness Heat recovery, energy saving by good ventilation, displacement

ventilation systems

Credit 3 Construction IAQ Management Plan Documentation, measurements as per the specifications required

Credit 4 Low-Emitting Materials Low emitting adhesives & sealants, paints & coatings, carpet systems,

composite wood & agrifiber products

Credit 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control Identify possible pollutant sources Ventilation systems with MERV 13 rated filters

Credit 6 Controllability of Systems, lighting Provide individual control for 90% occupants Task lights need not to be permanently wired

Credit 7 Thermal Comfort Active, passive & mixed mode ventilation systems

Credit 8 Daylight & Views 75% of the spaces Effective solar control systems Energy saving

Credit 1 Innovation in Design Credit 2 LEED Accredited Professional

Credit 1 Innovation in Design Energy Star Equipment Community Neighborhood Outreach Greenguard Furniture Green Housekeeping Waste stream diversion of unique materials Owner/Employer transportation exceedance Natural Pesticide / Landscape architect program Process H20 savings Fumehoods Long term Commissioning

Incorporate green principles at the beginning of the design process

Involve operations staff early in the design process

Avoid unmanageable complexity in building systems

Undertake a thorough commissioning process

Ensure staff are properly trained in building system operation

www.usgbc.org – US Green Building Council www.usgbc.org/Resources/links.asp - Extensive Resource List www.greenerbuildings.com The HOK Guidebook to Sustainable Design WWW.Oikos.com - bookstore www.iso.org – ISO 14001 EMS www.epa.gov/ems/index.htm - EPA’s EMS site www.doe.gov – US DOE

www.epa.gov – US EPA www.housing.sc.edu/westquadhandbook.asp - West Quad

Handbook www.sc.edu/sustainableu - Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) www.buildinggreen.com – Environmental Building News www.edcmag.com – Environmental Design & Construction www.gbapgh.org – Green Building Alliance www.southface.org/web/earthcraft_house/ech_main/ech_index.htm - Earth

Craft Homes www.greenglobes.com – Green Globes

I conceive that the land belongs to a vast family of which many are dead, few are living, and countless numbers are still unborn.  ~A Chieftan from Nigeria