Greek Orders

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    The Orders of Greek Architecture

    Doric

    Ionic

    Corinthian

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    Doric

    DESCRIPTION:Ofthethreecolumns foundin Greece,Doriccolumnsarethesimplest. Theyhaveacapital(thetop,orcrown)madeofacircletopped byasquare. Theshaft(thetall

    partofthecolumn)isplainandhas 20 sides. Thereisnobase intheDoricorder. TheDoricorderisveryplain, butpowerful-lookinginitsdesign.Doric,likemost Greekstyles,workswellhorizontallyon buildings,that'swhyitwassogoodwiththelongrectangularbuildingsmade bythe Greeks. Theareaabovethecolumn,calledthefrieze [pronounced "freeze"],hadsimple

    patterns. Abovethecolumnsarethemetopesandtriglyphs. Themetope [pronounced "met-o-pee"] isaplain,smoothstonesection betweentriglyphs. Sometimesthemetopeshadstatuesofheroesorgodsonthem. Thetriglyphs areapatternof 3verticallines betweenthemetopes.

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    TherearemanyexamplesofancientDoric buildings.PerhapsthemostfamousoneistheParthenon in Athens,whichisprobablythemost famousandmost

    studied buildingonEarth. Buildings builtevennow borrowsomepartsoftheDoricorder.

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    Ionic

    DESCRIPTION:Ionicshafts weretallerthanDoricones. Thismakesthecolumnslookslender. Theyalsohadflutes,whicharelinescarvedintothem fromtopto bottom. Theshaftsalsohada

    specialcharacteristic: entasis,whichisalittle bulgeinthecolumnsmakethecolumnslookstraight,evenatadistance[becausesinceyouwouldseethe building fromeyelevel,theshaftswouldappeartogetnarrowerastheyrise,sothis bulgemakesup forthat- soitlooksstraighttoyoureye butitreallyisn't !] . Thefrieze isplain. Thebases werelargeandlookedlike

    asetofstackedrings.Ioniccapitals consistofascrollsabovetheshaft. TheIonicstyleisalittlemoredecorativethantheDoric.

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    The Temple of Athena

    Nike in Athens, shown

    here, is one of the most

    famous Ionic buildingsin the world. It is

    located on the

    Acropolis, very close to

    the Parthenon

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    Corinthian

    DESCRIPTION:TheCorinthianorderisthemostdecorativeandisusuallytheonemost

    modernpeoplelike best.Corinthianalsousesentasis tomaketheshaftslookstraight. TheCorinthiancapitals have flowersandleavesbelowasmallscroll. Theshafthas flutesand

    the baseisliketheIonian. UnliketheDoricandIoniancornices,whichareataslant,theCorinthianroofsare flat.

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    The Temple of the Sybil

    in Rome is a good

    example of the

    Corinthian order. TheRomans used the

    Corinthian order much

    more than did the

    Greeks.