Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the...

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Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4

Transcript of Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the...

Page 1: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

Greece and Persia

Chapter 5 Section 4

Page 2: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

I Persia Becomes an Empire• While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian

Empire was rising in the east– Began as unorganized nomadic ppl– Eventually created mightiest empires in ancient

world under Cyrus to Great & Darius

Page 3: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

A. Cyrus the Great• Persians ruled by Medes for

over 100 yrs• Cyrus II leads revolt to gain

independence– Cyrus II victory marks beg. Of

Persian Empire• Conquered many Greek cities• Let ppl he conquered to keep

their customsWhy do you think he did this?• Historians refer to him as

Cyrus the Great

Page 4: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

B. The Persian Army• Cyrus successful because

of strong army– Army was loyal

• Immortals=10,000 soldiers chosen for bravery & skill

• Calvary=unit of soldiers on horseback– Charged and shoot arrows

at enemy• Cavalry weakened enemy

before immortals attacked

Page 5: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

II The Persian Empire Grows Stronger• Cyrus dies and his son

Cambyses takes over– Cambyses dies leaving no

clear leaderrebellion• Darius I claims the throne

by killing all rivals– Restores power, improves

society, & expands land

Page 6: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

A. Political Organization• Divides empire into 20 provinces• Governors named SATRAPS rule provinces for him– Collect taxes/serve as judges

• Satraps had great power but Darius was ultimate ruler

Page 7: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

III Persians Fight GreeceA) Battle of Marathon

• Darius invades Greece after rebellion• This begins Persian Wars• Persian army outnumbered Greeks but better

weapons & smart leaders led to Greek victory• Legend has it that a messenger ran from

Marathon to Athens (26 miles) to being news of victory– “rejoice we conquer!” then dies of exhaustion– Athletes run 26 mile races called Marathons

Page 8: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

B. Second Invasion of Greece• Xerxes tries again 10ys after Marathon– Sends army & navy

• Sparta & Athens join together to defend Greece– Sparta=strong army Athens=strong navy

• Persians had to pass through Thermopylae to attack Greece

Page 9: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

Battle of 300• Spartans sent to thermopylae to slow Persians• Greek force holds off Persians until Greek

traitor informs Persians of a way aroundhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOLyEX90DusMin 37:41-39:58

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOLyEX90Dus
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOLyEX90Dus
Page 10: Greece and Persia Chapter 5 Section 4. I Persia Becomes an Empire While Athenians created a Dem, the Persian Empire was rising in the east – Began as.

Salamis• Traits of Salamis allowed smaller Athenian

boats to easily sink Persian ships

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOLyEX90Dus

1:25

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOLyEX90Dus
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOLyEX90Dus

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