Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction
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Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction
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Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction. What is energy?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction
Great Neck South Middle School
Technology
Energy and Electricity Introduction
What is energy? Energy is the ability to do work, or
cause change. Energy is literally what makes the world and everything in it go. Energy is the magic stuff stored in the battery that makes the flashlight work. The gasoline in a car’s gas tank contains energy. The car’s engine merely converts the gasoline’s energy into a usable form.
While there are many forms and sources of energy,
there are only two types:
Potential
Kinetic
Kinetic “energy associated with
motion.”
When discussing kinetic energy, it’s important to keep in mind that the mass and velocity of an object determine its kinetic energy. We can take a look at kinetic energy by throwing a basketball and a baseball.
Potential“The energy something has which is
stored and not moving.” “the energy that a piece of matter has because of
its position or because of the arrangement of parts” because the matter has the potential, or opportunity, to do work.
There are two types of potential energy: elastic potential energy and gravitational potential energy.
Water behind a dam has gravitational potential energy.
A stretched rubber band has elastic potential
Forms of energy Mechanical — the energy of motion Electrical — think lightning or electricity moving
through electrical wires Electromagnetic or radiant — energy of
magnetism and light Chemical — energy produced by chemical
reactions like those that occur in batteries Nuclear — potential energy stored in the nuclei of
atoms Sound — the energy of vibrating sound waves Heat – from burning fuel or the earth
Energy Conversion
Many of the devices we use every day convert energy from one form to another.
These devices are called transducers.
Transducers
Flashlight — converts chemical energy (stored in the battery) to electrical energy to light the bulb.
The bulb converts the electrical energy to electromagnetic or
radiant energy.
Transducers
Toaster — converts electrical energy into thermal energy.
Car engine — converts the chemical energy stored in the gasoline into mechanical and thermal energy.
What do transducers do?
Convert one energy type to another.
How do we produce electricity?
Generators - - - - > MechanicalBatteries - - - - - > ChemicalsPhotovoltaic Cells - > LightPiezio electric - - > Pressure
Generator – A mechanical device that produces electricity by a process of rotating a magnet inside a coil of copper wire. A generator is a transducer that uses rotary mechanical motion to produces electricity.
Industrial & Home Electrical Generators
Battery
Photovoltaic Cells
Piezio Electric
Renewable Energy Vs. Non Renewable
Natural Energy All Renewable
Non Consumed when usedSolarWindWater
Geothermal
Energy Existing in Nature
Natural energy sources are ALL RENEWABLE
Wind Energy
Wind Farm
Wind Farm
Middlegruden
Wind Farm
Wind Farm
Wind Turbine Generator
LIPA wind farm
Heat Energy
Geothermal – heat from the earth
Solar Thermal – heat from the sun
Solar EnergyLight Heat
Solar Energy
Light energy -- Electrical energyUses Photovoltaic Cell
Solar Energy
Water must be Moving• Hydroelectric Power- dams & rivers• Tidal – vertical movement of tides• Wave – using the up/down motion of
waves• Thermal-using the temperature difference
of oceans
Water Energy
Hydroelectric
Tidal
Wave
Oregon State Wave Park
A 2.25-megawatt project off the coast of Portugal went on line this fall (2008), becoming the world's first commercial wave-energy development in operation. It can supply 1,500 households with electricity.
Ocean Thermal
Fuels
Fuels
AdvantagesPortableStorable
DisadvantagesPollute
Energy from Fuels
Must Be Burned to Create SteamPollute
Some are :RenewableNon Renewable
Renewable FuelsReplaceable in a short period of time
Biomass - - - - -> Once alive Plants
Trees-WoodCorn, Sugar Cane –Ethanol AlcoholAlgae
Garbage
Biomass as Fuels
Non Renewable Fuels
Non Renewable Fuels
Fossil FuelsPetroleum- Oil
GasolineHeating OilPlastics
CoalNatural Gas
Non Renewable Energy
Nuclear Fission - split atomsFusion – combine atoms
Energy Conservation
Shut off lights Fluorescent/Compact lights
RecycleReduceReuse
What do biomass and fossil fuels have in common?
BurnablePollute
Name two advantages to fuels and why we use them.
PortableStorable
What energy source do you think is the safest, cleanest, easiest to use?
Great New York Blackout
Hopefully Not
The End
