Great Depression Webquest EDUC 331
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Transcript of Great Depression Webquest EDUC 331
A. Students will gain an understanding of cause and effect. Learn how major events relate to each other.
B. Students will develop a sense of historical empathy.
C. See through the eyes of people who were there.
D. Students will learn how the national and world economies work and relate to each other, and how they affect everyone.
E. Students will gain an appreciation for the people and events of the Great Depression.
F. Students will gain an appreciation for the people and events of the New Deal.
Picture from the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.
Take a Ride and Win! Unassuming students are about to take a ride on the "Cash Cab" as simple passengers taking a normal taxi ride, only to be shocked when they discover that they’re instant contestants on Quiz game show!Mr. Waido, your host and driver of Cash Cab Quiz offers you the following proposition:The Cash Cab will drive you all the way to your destination and ask you general knowledge questions about the Great Depression. The questions start out on the easy side, then get harder along the way – the harder the question, the more points you get. The first five questions are worth 1 point for each correct answer. The next six are worth 5 points and are considerably harder questions. Maximum Points set at 50 points.(THAT’S NOT IT!!! You have a chance at doubling your points with a final ALL OR NOTHING BONUS QUESTION. That’s up to 50 points extra credit!)A correct answer is awarded the points, an incorrect answer means the group receives a strike. The contestants can earn points all the way to their destination. But the second they miss their third question (3 Strikes and you’re out), Mr Waido pulls the Cash Cab Quiz over and ejects them onto the sidewalk, no matter where they are or how many points you have.You are allowed two question answering techniques. One you may have a 30 second note/book “shout out” where you have 30 seconds to study or find the answer. Note: An answer must be given in the time allowed. No points for late answers.Your second shout out can be to any of your classmates that might know the answer. Once again the answers must be given in the time given. So what do you say, do you want to play?
Key Vocabulary:
The Great Depression - The severe economic slump that followed the collapse of the stock market in 1929
Depression- a period of low general economic activity with widespread unemployment
Economy-use of an economic system
Surplus-a supply greater than what is needed
Tariff-a tax on imported or exported goods
Key Vocabulary:
The Great Depression - The severe economic slump that followed the collapse of the stock market in 1929
Depression- a period of low general economic activity with widespread unemployment
Economy-use of an economic system
Surplus-a supply greater than what is needed
Tariff-a tax on imported or exported goods
Beginning with the stock market crash of l929, Americans faced hardships previously never experienced. The Great Depression was a time of unemployment, homelessness, and hopelessness. The focus of this unit is on the years 1929 to the end of 1932. The content covers the stock market crash, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, mass unemployment (factory mechanization, Bonus Army, Hooversville), the Dust Bowl, and the radicals (Huey Long, American Communist Party, Sinclair Lewis). Students will research the events, people, and places of the Great Depression. The students will have gained an appreciation for those Americans that lived during the Great Depression, and an understanding of the causes and contributions of the depression.
In the late 1920s, an economic depression started in the United States and quickly spread around the globe, causing great hardship and creating ideal conditions for political unrest.
The U.S. Economy in the 1920s
At War’s End
• U.S. world’s leading economic power at end of World War I
• Position stronger during 1920s
• End of decade, economy crashed
Steady Growth
• Economy booming by 1921
• Most growth in industry
• Auto manufacturing, consumer goods, radios, vacuum cleaners, washing machines
Economic Growth
• American farms, factories supplied world with food, supplies to fight World War I
• Economy slowed briefly at war’s end
1920s Stock Market
• Overall value rose 400 percent
• Americans did not want to miss out on prosperity
• Increased investment drove stock prices higher
Credit - is an arrangement in which a purchaser borrows money from a bank or other lender and agrees to pay it back over time.
http://www.firstpeople.us
In October 1929 the stock market crashed, the day was called “Black Tuesday” wiping out 40 percent of the paper values of common stock. Even after the stock market collapse, however, politicians and industry leaders continued to issue optimistic predictions for the nation's economy. The Depression deepened, confidence evaporated and many lost their life savings. By 1933 the value of stock on the New York Stock Exchange was less than 1/5 of what it had been at its peak in 1929. Business houses closed their doors, factories shut down and banks failed. Farm income fell some 50 percent. By 1932 approximately 1 out of every 4 Americans was unemployed.
Photograph from the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.
The postwar era left many countries politically unstable. As the Depression continued, unrest grew worse.
• Instability in Great Britain and France led to formation of several new governments
• Extremist political groups gained strength
– Germany’s Nazi Party blamed Jews
– Italian dictator Benito Mussolini tightened his control of the nation
Political Impact
• Widespread misery, hopelessness worldwide
• Ideal conditions for rise of leaders who promised to restore their nations to glory
• World in midst of troubled times
• Worse crisis lay ahead
Economies Worsen, New Leaders Emerge
The Worldwide Depression
New Economic Theories
Increased government spending supported by theories of British economist John Maynard Keynes
Believed governments could limit, prevent economic downturns
Governments should spend money Spending would help increase economic output Factories would hire workers to meet new demand Eventually workers would begin spending, depression
would end
Government spending did help U.S. economy, but depression lingered through 1930s
Click on the picture to get the information!!!
The severe economic slump that followed the collapse of the stock market in 1929, the Great Depression was a time of unemployment, homelessness, and hopelessness.
The Great Depression hit farmers especially hard. Many had gone into debt to buy machinery and land, and now could not make their payments. Low crop prices wiped out potential profits. In addition to the usual challenges of agriculture, a great drought took place in 1931 and 1932 in the Midwest and the South and turned much of the trans-Mississippi West into a Dust Bowl. Nevertheless, if farmers couldn't make a profit selling their products, at least they could still eat, so most stayed put. In contrast to popular images of farmers leaving the land, the 1930s actually had the lowest rate of migration from farms to cities.
Click on picture to learn about the Dust Bowl
These perplexing economic problems in the United States exacerbated a host of social problems, including:
Unemployment and poverty
Breakdown of families
Soaring high school dropout rates (2 to 4 million)
Homelessness
Organized protests
Farmers armed with guns and pitchforks marched on the local banks to prevent foreclosures.
Around the country, the homeless built settlements of cardboard and tar-paper shacks, called "Hoovervilles“ in sardonic reference to President Hoover.
The Blues is a simple, yet expressive form of music that developed in the American South in the late 1800s. It evolved in African American communities, combining aspects of spirituals, work songs express feelings of sadness, often problems in love.
The Blues originated in the South and migrated to major Northern Cities. The most famous city credited for the blues was New Orleans.
Hoovervilles, named after President Hoover, who was blamed for the problems that led to the depression, sprung up throughout the United States.
A Slowdown in Trade
• President Hoover signed Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, 1930
• Act placed heavy taxes on imported goods
• Attempt to encourage Americans to buy U.S. made goods, products
• American goods would be cheaper than taxed imported goods
• New tariff led other countries to increase their tariffs on American goods
• World trade slowed to a standstill
• Loss of foreign trade crippled many nations’ economies
Act Backfired
• Trade slowed, prices collapsed• Price of Japanese silk dropped• Silk major Japanese export, nearly
20 percent of farm income• Decline of silk industry one
example of collapsing markets worldwide
Results
The Worldwide Depression
"The Bonus Army" A group of WWI veterans who had been denied their pensions organized the first march on Washington in protest. In 1932, twenty thousand men set up a tent city, vowing to stay until they got their money. President Hoover overreacted and sent in the army (led by future war heroes Douglas MacArthur and Dwight D. Eisenhower) to break up this peaceful demonstration.
Copyright 1997 State Historical Society of Wisconsin
Government Response• President Herbert Hoover favored minimal government response to crisis
• Some thought depression was normal adjustment to overheated economy
• Hoover eventually took some actions, many felt too little too late
New Deal• Provided government spending to help start economic recovery
• Public works programs to provide jobs, government money for welfare, relief
• New regulations to reform, protect stock market, banking system
Roosevelt Elected• Franklin Delano Roosevelt elected president, 1932
• Increased federal government’s role in lives of Americans
• Pushed forward New Deal, program to fight Great Depression
The Depression Spreads
Question 2: An arrangement in which a purchaser borrows money from a bank or other lender and agrees to pay it back over time is called _________?
Answer : CREDIT
This simple, yet expressive form of music that developed in the American South in the late
1800s. It evolved in African American communities, combining aspects of spiritualals, work songs express feelings of sadness, often
problems in love.What is this music typically called?
Answer: THE BLUESMost Blues songs expressed feelings of sadness, often about problems with love. When southern African Americans moved to northern cities in search of work during World War I and the Great Depression, they took the Blues with them. As a Result, the music spread throughout the north.
Click on the picture for information
October 29th, 1929. This is the date of the most famous Stock Market Crash in history. Stocks lost 13% of their value on Black
Tuesday. The date is considered the beginning of the Great Depression.
Herbert Hoover, the thirty-first President of the United States (1929-1933).
Calling themselves the "Bonus Expeditionary Forces," or “The Bonus Army,” they demanded early payment of a bonus Congress had promised them for their service in World War I.
Army Chief of Staff Douglas MacArthur was convinced that the march was a communist conspiracy to undermine the government of the United States, and that "the movement was actually far deeper and more dangerous than an effort to secure funds from a nearly depleted federal treasury."
New Deal• Provided government spending to help start economic recovery
• Public works programs to provide jobs, government money for welfare, relief
• New regulations to reform, protect stock market, banking system
Attempt to encourage Americans to buy U.S. made goods, productsAmerican goods would be cheaper than taxed imported goods.
IT FAILED MISERABLY
• New tariff led other countries to increase their tariffs on American goods
• World trade slowed to a standstill
• Loss of foreign trade crippled many nations’ economies
Governments should spend money
Spending would help increase economic output
Factories would hire workers to meet new demand
Eventually workers would begin spending, depression would end
Government spending did help U.S. economy, but depression lingered through 1930s
This is NOT Herbert Hoover
FDR was elected president in November 1932, to the first of four terms. By March there were 13,000,000 unemployed, and almost every bank was closed. In his first "hundred days," he proposed, and Congress enacted, a sweeping program to bring recovery to business and agriculture, relief to the unemployed and to those in danger of losing farms and homes, and reform, especially through the establishment of the Tennessee Valley Authority. By 1935 the Nation had achieved some measure of recovery, but businessmen and bankers were turning more and more against Roosevelt's New Deal program.
Student Page
Title
Introduction
Task
Process
Evaluation
Conclusion
Credits
[Teacher Page]
Beginning1
Developing2
Accomplished3
Exemplary5
Score
Students will gain an
understanding of cause and effect and learn how major events relate to each
other.
Identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a basic level of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Students will develop a sense
of historical empathy
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Students will gain an appreciation for
the people and events of the Great
Depression.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Students will learn how the national
and world economies work
and relate to each other, and how
they affect everyone.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Students will demonstrate cooperation and behavior techniques
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance.
Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Student Page
Title
Introduction
Task
Process
Evaluation
Conclusion
Credits
[Teacher Page]
Well we are finished with this section. I hope you learned about the Great Depression, an idea of the stock market, key people and concepts, the New Deal, and the Dust Bowl.
[Student Page]
Title
Introduction
Learners
Standards
Process
Resources
Credits
Teacher Page
A Audio/Visual Materials: Life in the Thirties. McGraw Hill Training Systems (video) B. Books: Meltzer, Milton. Brother Can You Spare A Dime? : The Great Depression. 1929-1933. Facts on File, Inc. L991. ISBN 0-8160-2372-7. Schraff, Anne E. The Great Depression and the New Deal. Franklin Watts, New York, London, Toronto, Sydney l990. Stanley, Jerry. Children of the Dust Bowl: The True Story of the School at Weedpatch Camp. Crown Publishers, Inc. 1992. ISBN 0930324229. Sterling, Mary Ellen. The Twentieth Century. Huntington Beach, Ca: Teacher Created Materials, Inc., 1966. ISBN 1-55734-025-8. Watkins, T.H. The Great Depression: American in the 1930’s. Little Brown, l993. ISBN 0316924539. C. Internet websites: http:/www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/9006/firsttry. www.nobel.se;laureates;literature-1930-1-autobio.html www.ssa.gov/history/hlong/.html http.//lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/sova.html
Evaluation
Teacher Script
Conclusion
