THE US AND RISING POWERS

Chapter 1

History

Treaty of Westphalia

This is the settlement

that ended the "Thirty

Years War“ The Thirty Years War : War

between Holy Roman Empire

over religion ( Catholics vs

Orthodox)

resulted in the

emergence of the

European states system.

state sovereignty.

1st attempt to structure

how nations dealt with

each other

History

Congress of Vienna (1814 ) Again trying to constitue peace and draw borders

World War I the central powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria

and Turkey), and the allied powers (Britain, France, Belgium, Russia, Italy, USA)

The Treaty of Versailles ( 1919) The League of Nations

World War II The Allies ( France, Britian, US, USSR, China )Vs. The

Axis ( Germany, Japan, Italy ) Allies created the UN US vs Soviet Union

Bipolar World

CAPITALISM - Containment Of Communism

Eastern Bloc COMMUNISM

Bipolar Unipolar Multipolar

WHAT MAKES A MAJOR POWER?

Political Scientist – Kenneth Waltz1. Population and Territory2. Natural Resources3. Economy4. Stability of Political System5. Military Strength

Asia Pacific – “Asian Triumphalism”

China Economy growing at a 10% clip Trading partners – US is largest, however EU if

combined is larger Military – extemely strong- budget doubled – very

strong navy Part of the Nuclear Non-Profileration Treaty

India Economy growing at an 8 % clip Nuclear Power – signed a treaty with the US

NPT

US, Russia, China, France, and Britain Limit the spread of Nuclear Power 1970 189 members 5 of them are recognized as Nuclear Power states

Four non-parties to the treaty are known or believed to possess nuclear weapons. India, Pakistan, and North Korea

Petro Power Demographics

Russia - Resources of oil and natural Gas

Brazil – BiodieselJapan – development

of new technologies for energy efficiency , alternate and renewable fuels

China and India - very populated – LABOR

Russia- declining demographic trends

Legitimacy of Power

Being acknowledged by others to have this power

THE UN Acknowledges only – China, France, Russia Britain

and the US This no longer reflects the truth of the world’s global

Powers

Now there is Brazil, India, Japan, Germany, and others

Soft Power

Concept introduced by Joseph S. nye Jr. Dean of Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government

ABILITY TO SHAPE THE PREFERENCES OF OTHERS

Brazil

China

EU, US, JAPAN

China, India

Brazil S. Korea

RussiaTurkey South

Africa

GLOBAL CHALLENGES

Energy and Natural ResourcesClimate Change

Means cutting down productionNuclear Weapons

Some of the NPT signatories like N.Korea and Iran – have started producing Nuclear weapons

Non-signatories like Israel, India, PakistanTerrorism

Benefit from IT, globalizationConflict of Ideologies

Democracy vs. Authoritarianism

Global Order

Need to find a new way to govern the worldAfter WWII – the winners made the UN

security Council but Now there must be a change

Who plays the role of enforcer if different powers have different views concerning the challenges?

Need new financial institutions The G-8 can no longer solve financial world

problems aloneRobert Zoellick, president of the World Bank

suggested the G-14 Whether it’s 14 or something else – need the right set

of players to fix things up

Role of the US in a Multipolar System

1) Primacy in military power 2) No clash between major powers3) Post American Era

Embrace the multipolar world Return to an isolationist view

Collaboration and Recognition

Use other major powers to collaborate and find solutions to global challenges

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sb_gVt4S1Jw