Graver Technologies 200 Lake Drive, Glasgow, DE 19702 Liquid Filter Products Applications Training.

Graver Technologies200 Lake Drive, Glasgow, DE 19702

Liquid Filter Products

Applications Training


Beverage Applications

• Prefiltration– Facility Water– Compressed Gas– Steam– Detergents / Cleaning

Solvents– DE Trap – Polishing Prior To

Bottling

• Final Filtration– Facility Water– Facility Gas– Tank Venting– Chill Haze Removal


Beer Filtration

AgingTank

DiatomaceousEarth Filter

F1 HoldingTank

Raw Beer

Sheet Filter

F1

F3

OR

F1

Keg Filling - Bottle Filling - Can Filling

F3 F3

F2


F

FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION

1

QMC, PMC 5, 10 µm

Aged Beer

Diatomaceous Earth (DE) Trap

Filter, for DE fines removal

2

QMA,PMA 0.45, 1.2 µm

Stored filtered beer

Prefiltration to protect final filter

3

ZTEC 0.45, 0.65 µm

Beer final packaging filtration

Final filter for microbial

stabilization

Beer Filtration


Wine Filtration

CrushedGrapes

Fining Stage

Aging Tank

SheetFilter

HoldingTank

F1

F2 F3

BottlingTank

Fermentation

Filling Station

To WineCooler

Processing

Wine


Wine Filtration

F

FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION

1 QMC, PMC

5, 10 µm Wine

DE Removal and Visual Clarification

2

QMA, PMA 0.6, 1.2 µm

GFC 0.5 µm

Wine Prefiltration to

protect final filter

3 VTEC, ZTEC

0.45, 0.65 µm Wine

Final filter for microbial

stabilization


Wine Cooler Filtration

Bulk Wine StorageTank

F1

BlendTank

F2 F3

Filling Station

Carbonator

Wine Cooler


Wine Cooler Filtration

F

FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION

1 QMC, PMC

5, 10 µm Bulk Wine

Particulate removal prior to storage

2 QMA, PMA

1.2 µm or GFC

0.5, µm

Final Product Mix Prefiltration to protect

final filter

3 ZTEC

0.45, 0.65 µm Final Product Mix

Final filter for microbial stabilization


Food and Beverage Industry

Heating or

Cooling

SanitizeRinse

ProductFormulation

F1

F3F2

F5F4

Process Water

Process Equipment

CIP (Clean In Place)

ProcessWater


F

FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION

1

QMC, PMC 10, 20 µm

Water Particulate removal

2

QMA, PMA GFC

0.5, 1.0 µm

Water for CIP

sanitizing rinsing

Particulate removal Prefilter

3

QTEC, ZTEC 0.2, 0.45 µm

Water for CIP

sanitizing rinsing

Final membrane filter, Microbial

control

4

PFA 1.0 µm

GFC 0.5 µm

Cooling water

Prefilter

5

VTEC, ZTEC 0.2 µm

Cooling water

Final filter, Biological growth

control

Food and Beverage IndustryProcess Water


Bio-processing of Food Products

Steam

F1

Seed Fermenter

CompressedAir

F5

F2 F3

F4

Harvest Vessel

F11F10

F9

F7 F6

F8AmmoniapH Adjust

Final Product Purification

Fermenter(Production)

Nutrients or Make-up water


Bio-processing of Food Products

F

FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION

1 TPM Steam Particle removal

2

QMA, PMA 1 µm

QMC, PMC 1, 3 µm

Inlet air prefiltration Particulate removal

3, 4, 5 QS

0.2 µm Air Feed, Vent

Bioburden and Particle Control

6

QMA, PMA 2.5 µm

QMC, PMC 2, 5 µm

GFC 1.0 µm

Prefiltration Particulate removal

10 QMA, PMA 1, 2.5 µm

Prefiltration Particulate removal


Soft Drink Filtration

F2

Corn Syrup F1

F3

F4 F5

Container Wash Filling Station

StorageTank

Flavor

Water

Blending Tank


Soft Drink Filtration

F FILTER FLUID FUNCTION

3

QMC, PMC 5, 10 µm

Flavor concentrate

particulate removal

4

QMC, PMC 5, 10 µm

Water

particulate removal, carbon

fines removal

1, 5 VTEC, ZTEC 0.45 µm

Syrup Mix Bioburden control


• Bulk Chemical Distribution Systems (BCDS)

Semiconductor Applications

VLSI-GRADEBULK-CHEMICALMANUFACTURERS

F1 F2

TO CHEMICALDELIVERY SYSTEMS


Filtered BulkChemicals

55GallonDrums

55GallonDrums

F4F3IN-HOUSE

“CHEM-MIX”AREAS

PACKAGERS,BOTTLERS,SPECIALTY

MIXERS

F4

BOTTLES

Semiconductor ApplicationsBulk Chemical Delivery


F #

FILTER TYPE

MICRON RATING

APPLICATION

2, 4

QTEC, ZTEC

0.1, 0.2 µm

Dilute Acids

1, 3

QMA, QMC, PMA, PMC

1, 5 µm

Dilute Acids

Bulk Chemical Delivery


• Deionized Water (DIW and UPW)– Change-out cycle - 2 years– Most competition– Most price competitive

• Key Factors for Cold UPW– Resistivity rebound – rinse-up– TOC rebound

• gal. to reach 99% of feed values– Extractables– Retention– Flow rate vs ΔP



F1IncomingWater

ROStorage

Tank

Reverse OsmosisSystem

ResinBed Ion

ExchangersF2 Storage

Tank

Polishing BottlesF2UV

Lights

F4

F3

F5 F5Point-Of-UseFilters

DI Water Filtration


F

FILTER

APPLICATION

1

QMC, PMC

1 - 5 µm

Pre-RO Filter,

for Clarification of Water

2

QMC, PMC

5-10 µm

Resin Trap Filter

3

QTEC, ZTEC 0.2-0.45 µm

Prefilter to PAD

Final Filter

4

QTEC, VTEC, ZTEC

0.1 or 0.2 µm

PAD Final Filter

DI Water Filtration


CMP (Chemical Mechanical Planarization)• Slurry of abrasives for removing thin layers (angstrom) via

both grinding and etching for presenting an extremely smooth & normal surface for photolithography

• Remove particulate while leaving abrasive components• Customer objective: reduce scratches and increase yield$

• Recommendations• day & mixing tanks…. PMC >20 um• global loop (recirc)…. PMC 10-20 um

– coarse rating results in removal of agglomerates without removal of abrasives



• CMP oxide slurries• for silica removal• pH 10-12• abrasive size 0.02 -

0.08 um• agglomerates form

from exposure to air

• CMP metal slurries• for metal removal• pH 2-4• Tends to settle;

requires fast recirc. to keep suspended

• agglomerates

Semiconductor ApplicationsCMP Slurries


Chemicals• Most common

• Photoresist strip• Phosphoric acid• RCA Etch (SC 1 and SC 2… contains 1/3 peroxide)• Sulfuric acid (for making piranha in fab)• Nitric acid• Photoresists• Developers



Most common • HF and BOE• NOE (contains ethylene glycol…correct for viscosity

when sizing)• Acetone

Piranha Baths• 98% sulfuric acid; 2% hydrogen peroxide• 3 - 6% more aggressive than “neat” sulfuric• For removing metal

Recirculating Etch Baths• Using various % HF acid (attacks silica incl. glass) and

BOE...buffered oxide etch (93% ammonium fluoride & 7% HF acid)

Semiconductor ApplicationsTools


BottledChemicals

F6

F5

F7

F6

F5

F8

Wafer Cleaning“Piranha”

“RCA Clean”

Primerse.g., HMDS

Etchants

Developers,

Rinses, Solvents

Strippers

Acid ProcessingEquipment

Wet Tool Benches


F #

FILTER TYPE

MICRON RATING

APPLICATION

7

ZTEC

0.1 µm

Etchants B.O.E.

8

QTEC, ZTEC

0.1, 0.2 µm

Dilute Acids

Tool Filtration


Pharmaceutical Applications

• Prefiltration• Facility Water• Compressed Gas• Steam• Solvents & Intermediates

• LVPs (those to be terminally sterilized)

• Vaccines

• Fermentation Broth• Serum / Culture Media• Diagnostic Reagents• Cosmetics / Creams /

Lotions• Orals / Ophthalmics


Pharmaceutical Applications

Final Filtration• Facility Water

• Facility Air & Gas

• SVPs/LVPs

• Serum / Culture Media

• Biologicals (aseptic processing)

• Fermentation Products• Fermentation Feed Air


F1Pretreatment IonExchange F2

F4

F3

F5

F5

DI Water Tank

F4 F4 F4

Pump

Distilled Water Tank

Pump

POINT OF USE

F3

F6

Process Water

System Schematic

PO

INT

OF

US

E

F4

F4

F4

PO

INT

OF

US

E

SteamGenerator

The process water system produces sterile water that is used throughout the facility in the manufacture and testing of product, and in support of the plant.


Process Water

FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION CONVERSION STRATEGIES

F1

QMA, QMA 1, 5 um

QMC, PMC 1, 5 um

Pretreated City Water

Clarification of water prior to purification

Stress long life which results in fewer changeouts and lower filtration

costs

F2

QMA, PMA 5, 10 um

Deionized Water

Prefiltration to remove resin fines

Stress long life which results in fewer changeouts and lower filtration

costs

F3 QTEC, ZTEC

0.45 um Deionized

and Distilled Water

Maintain water purity during recirculation

through loops

Stress cleanliness, and PES mem-brane that offers long life, lower

filtration costs

F4

QTEC, VTEC, ZTEC

0.1, 0.2 um

Deionized and Distilled

Water

Final filtration at point of use

Stressed mirrored, anisotropic PES membrane that has no extractables; absolute retention of 0.2 um P Grade

F5

QS 0.2 um

Vent Bioburden and Particle Control

Price Point

F6

TPM

Steam

Particle control


Fermentation

F1

F4

F2 F3 F3 F2

F5

INLET GAS SUPPLY

SteamCoolant

Fermentation Broth

Fermentation Tank

Additives

Fermentation : Specific organisms are grown in culture vessels producing a byproduct which can be isolated from the fermentation broth (e.g., Citric acid, fructose, alcohol, or certain drugs)


Fermentation

F1 F4

QS

0.2 um

Vent

Sterile Filtration of Air

Price Point

F2

QMA, PMA 1, 2.5, 5,

um

Fresh Fermentation Broth or Nutrient

Additives

Prefiltration to Remove Gross Particulate and Protect Final Filters

Stress long life which results in fewer changeouts and lower filtration costs

F3

ZTEC 0.2 um

Fresh Fermentation Broth or Nutrient

Additives

Final Sterile Filtration of Fermentation Ingredients

to Maintain a Sterile Environment in the

Vessel

Stress cleanliness, and low protein-binding aspects of the PES membrane which offer long life, maximum protection, and lower filtration costs

F5

QMA, PMA 1, 2.5, 5 um

Inlet Gas (O2; CO2; N2)

Prefiltration to Protect the Final Filter and Extend Its

Life

Stress High Air Flow Rates and Particulate Holding Ability Which Reduce Filter Use and Lower Costs


Antibiotic Processing

Antibiotics • Compounds intended to kill off specific

bacterial infections. • Made naturally as by-products of fermentation

by certain bacteria, molds, and fungal species (e.g., Penicillin is a by-product of the mold genus penicillium).



SeedTank

Fermentation Vessel

F1

Bulk Clarification & Concentration

F7F6

F5F4

F3

F2

HPLCPurification

Crystallization F8

CoolantSolvent Precip’n

Activated Carbon

Ion Exchange Purification

DepyrogenationReconstitution Final Dosage

Form

Steam



FILTER

FLUID


F1

QS

Air

Vent Price Point

F2 QMA

1, 2.5, 5, and 10 um

Clarified Fermentation

Broth

Finer Clarification of Broth prior to Downstream Processing Methods

Stress high solids holding capacity and good flow rates which result in fewer change outs and lower costs

F3

QMA, PMA 0.45

2.5 um

Processed Fermentation

Broth

Prefiltration to Remove Resin or Carbon Particles Prior to

HPLC For Column Protection

Stress long life and high flow rates which result in fewer changeouts and lower costs

F4

QMA, QMC 0.45, 1 um

Processed Fermentation Broth (Column

Effluent)

Prefiltration to Remove Column Particles Prior to

Lyophilization


F5 F6

QMA, QMC 0.45, 1 um

Solvents for Reconstituting the

Lyophilized Antibiotic

Prefiltration to Remove Gross Particulate Prior to

Reconstitution

Stress high solids holding capacity and retention efficiencies which result in lower filtration costs

F7 QMA QMC

0.2, 0.45 um

Depyrogenated Final Antibiotic

Formulation

Prefiltration to Protect the Final Filter


F8

ZTEC 0.2 um

Prefiltered, Depyrogenated Final Antibiotic

Formulation

Final Sterile Filtration prior to packaging for sale

Stress absolute retention efficiency and low protein- binding PES membrane for maximum assurance of end product quality and efficacy*

*


Therapeutic Production

Therapeutics (other than antibiotics) • Manufactured through a fermentative process,

whether occurring naturally (e.g., Taxol), or as by-products from culture in genetically engineered organisms (e.g., Insulin).



F1

F5 F4

F3F2Fermentation Vessel

F5F4

F7

F6 BulkClarification

Isolation / Purification

VirusRemoval

Steam

Coolant

Fermentation Broth/ Culture

Media

Inlet Gas Supply

Growth Additives /

Water, Serum

Final Product



FILTER

FLUID

FUNCTION

CONVERSION STRATEGIES

F1 F2

QS Air

Air feed, Vent

Price point

F3

QMA, QMC, 5, 1., and

5 um

Inlet Gas for Fermentation

Chamber

Prefiltration of Gas Supply to Protect the Final Filter


F4

QMA, QMC 0.45, 1. 2.5, 5, and 10 um

Growth additives; serum; needed for Fermentation/ Cell

Culture

Prefiltration to Protect the Final Sterilizing Filter

Stress high flow rates and contaminant-holding features which result in fewer changeouts and lower costs

F5

ZTEC 0.2 um

Prefiltered, Fermentation Broth; Cell Culture Media;

Additives

Final Sterile Filtration Stress absolute retention efficiency and low protein- binding PES membrane for maximum assurance of sterility and yield

F6

QMA, QMC 1, 2.5, 5,

and 10 um

Preclarified Fermentation Broth

Prefiltration to Protect the UF Membranes Used to

Isolate and Purify Proteins of Interest

Stress high flow rates and contaminant-holding features which result in fewer changeouts and lower costs

F7

ZTEC 0.2 um

Prefiltered, Purified Protein Product

Final Sterile Filtration of the Compound of Interest

Stress absolute retention efficiency and low protein- binding PES membrane for maximum assurance of end product quality and yield


LVP/SVPs

Large Volume Parenterals • Generally fluid in nature• Must be administered intravenously (e.g., TPA/TPN

solutions, IV Bags). • The filter is removes bacteria and any particulate that could

block tiny blood vessels.

Small Volume Parenterals • Vials of liquid (usually fewer than 100 ml) or powder. • The key to filtration is removal of bacteria and particulate

impurities that could clog a blood vessel, or block the nozzle of a filling machine.


LVPs

F1

Storage Tank

F3F2 Depyrogenation Autoclave

Parenteral Formulation

QC Testing and Release


LVPs

FILTER

FLUID


F1

QS

Air

Vent

Price point

F2

QMA, QMC 05, 1, or 2.5 um


Prefiltration to Protect the

Depyrogenating Filter

Stress long life, and excellent retention efficiency for max-imum protection downstream

F3

ZTEC 0.2 or 0.45 um

Depyrogenated Parenteral Mix

Final Filtration Prior to Terminal Heat Sterilization

*P-Grade if asceptic filling

process

Stress high throughput for maximum life, and low protein-binding PES membrane for maximum end product efficacy*

*Efficacy is the power to achieve a desired effect. Low protein-binding means that the filter will not remove the proteinaceous component (e.g., effective drug) of the medication, therefore not reducing its potency.


SVPs

MixTank

F4

F1

F3

F2

Vial/Stopper

Washer

Filling Machine

F5

Lyophilizer

Parenteral Ingredients Air Supply

Liquids

Powders

vials / stoppers


SVPs

FILTER

FLUID


F1 F2

QS

Air

Vent, Air feed

Price Point

F3

QMA, QMC 0.45, 1, 2.5, or

5 um or



Stress long life, and excellent retention efficiency for maximum protection downstream

F4

ZTEC 0.2 um

Prefiltered Parenteral Solution

Final Sterile Filtration Prior to Packaging

Stress high throughput for maximum life, and low protein-binding PES membrane for maximum efficacy* in the end product



Ophthalmic Solutions

Ophthalmic Solutions • Ointments, drops and medications placed

intraocular. • Filtration makes these sterile and safe to use by

removing bacteria and particulate impurities that might scratch the cornea, or cause other discomfort in the eye.



F5

F4F3

F2

Heated Holding

Tank

Pump Sterile Blending

Tank

Petrolatum

Drug Additives

Testing and Final Packaging

System Schematic

F1



FILTER

FLUID


F3

QMA, QMC 1, 2.5, 5, or

10 um

Heated Petrolatum (in Ointments and

Lubricating Agents)


Stress long life, and excellent retention efficiency for maximum protection of the downstream final filter

F4, 5 ZTEC 0.2 um

Drug Additives Sterile Filtration Prior to Blending With Petrolatum

Stress low protein-binding PES membrane for maximum end product efficacy



Glossary of Terms• Antibiotic – class of compounds derived synthetically or

naturally that have bacteriacidal characteristics

• BOE – buffered oxide etch – etch chemical composed of ammonium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid

• CMP slurry – chemical mechanical polishing - Slurry of abrasives used to remove thin layers (angstrom) from a wafer via both grinding and etching.

• Fermentation - process of converting sugars to harvestable intermediate of end products such as alcohol, antibiotics,

• HF – hydrofluoric acid


Glossary of Terms

• LVP – Large volume parenteral – liquid intravenous solutions administered in doses of larger than 100ml

• NOE - etch chemical composed of ammonium fluoride and ethylene glycol

• Petrolatum – petroleum based “gel”

• Piranha - etch chemical composed of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.


Glossary of Terms

• Pyrogen –portion of the cell wall of a gram negative bacterial resulting in a pyrogenic (fever) reaction in mammalian systems

• RCA Etch – etch chemical composed of either hydrogen peroxide and ammonium hydroxide (SC1) or hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid (SC2)

• SVP – small volume parenteral – liquids administered intravenously in volumes of less than 100ml

• VLSI Grade- purity grade of semiconductor chemicals – derived from Very Large Scale Integration

Graver Technologies 200 Lake Drive, Glasgow, DE 19702 Liquid Filter Products Applications Training.

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Transcript of Graver Technologies 200 Lake Drive, Glasgow, DE 19702 Liquid Filter Products Applications Training.