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41.2 APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS5

ContentsEducation and TrainingVisualizationImage ProcessingGraphical User Interfaces

6EDUCATION & TRAININGComputer-generated models of physical, financial and economic systems are often used as educational aids.For some training applications, special systems are designed.E.g. Training of ship captains, aircraft pilots etc.,Simulators provide graphics screen for visual operation.

7Graphics for Scientific, Engineering, and Medical Data

EDUCATION & TRAINING8Graphics for Engineering and Architectural SystemDesign of Building, Automobile, Aircraft, Machine etc

AutoCAD 2002Interior DesignEDUCATION & TRAINING9VISUALIZATIONThe numerical and scientific data are converted to a visual form for analysis and to study the behavior called visualization.Types of VisualizationScientificProducing graphical representation for scientific data setsBusinessTo represent the data sets related to commerce and industryThe visualization can be either 2D or 3D

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VISUALIZATION OF HOW A CAR DEFORMS IN AN ASYMMETRICAL CRASH

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BUSINESS VISUALIZATION

12SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION Mixing two fluids

13IMAGE PROCESSINGComputer graphics is used to create a picture.Image processing applies techniques to modify or interpret existing pictures.Principle applicationsImproving picture qualityMachine perception of visual informationMethods to apply image processing The image must be digitized firstThen digital methods can be applied to rearrange picture parts and etcResearch: Cancer Imaging, Brain Imaging and MRI in neurology

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IMAGE PROCESSING

16IMAGE PROCESSING

17IMAGE PROCESSINGMedical applicationsTomography X-ray photography that allows cross-sectional views of physiological systems to be displayedComputed X-ray Tomography (CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Projection methods to reconstruct cross sections from digital dataUsed to monitor internal functions and show cross sections during surgeryProduces a three-dimensional image of functional processes in the body

18COMPUTED X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY (CT)CT scan of right kidney (cross sectional view)

19POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET)

20IMAGE PROCESSING - MEDICAL APPLICATIONSUltrasonicsUsed to generate digital data

21IMAGE PROCESSING - MEDICAL APPLICATIONSNuclear medicine scannersCollect digital data from radiation emitted from ingested radionuclide and plot color coded images

22IMAGE PROCESSING - MEDICAL APPLICATIONSNuclear Medicine Scan

23IMAGE PROCESSING - MEDICAL APPLICATIONSComputer Aided Surgery (CAS)A method which is used to model and study physical functions, to design artificial limbs, and to plan and practice surgery

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COMPUTER AIDED SURGERY (CAS)

25COMPUTER AIDED SURGERY (CAS)

26GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACEUser to work easilyA major component in GUI is a windowMultiple windows can be opened at a timeTo activate any one of the window, the user needs just to check on that windowInterfaces like text box, buttons, and list are also used

27GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)Menus and icons are used for fast selection of processing operations

28GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)Icons are used as shortcut to perform functions. The advantages of icons are which takes less screen space

29BRAIN ACTIVITYI have a large money box, 10 inches square and 12 inches tall. Roughly how many coins can I place in my empty money box?In Aberland, you cannot take a picture of a man with a wooden leg. Why not?Mary's father has five daughters: 1. Nana, 2.Nene, 3. Nini, 4. Nono. What is the name of the fifth daughter?Just one, after which it will no longer be empty!You cannot take pictures with a wooden leg, you use a camera.Her name is Mary.MIND MAPVisualizationColor coded diagramFlight SimulatorScientificBusinessComputer Graphics ApplicationsGraphical User InterfaceImage ProcessingEducation and TrainingComputer Aided SurgeryMenusCT & PET techniquesPhotographsAutomobile SimulatorIcons