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GRAPE SEED EXTRACT KILLS HEAD AND NECK CANCER CELLS, LEAVES HEALTHY CELLS UNHARMED AND SMALLER SIBLING PROTEIN CALLS

THE SHOTS IN CELL DIVISION

Laura Gómez OrregoMedicine student

third semesterMedellín 2012

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INTRODUCTION

Grape Seed Extract Kills Head and Neck Cancer Cells, Leaves Healthy

Cells UnharmedScienceDaily (Jan. 27, 2012)

Nearly 12,000 people will die of head and neck cancer in the United States this year and worldwide cases will exceed half a million.

A study published journal Carcinogenesis shows that in both cell lines and mouse models, grape seed extract (GSE) kills head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells, while leaving healthy cells unharmed.They saw absolutely no toxicity to the mice, themselves.

Grape Seed Extract Kills Head and Neck Cancer Cells, Leaves Healthy Cells Unharmed

ScienceDaily (Jan. 27, 2012)

“It's a rather dramatic effect," says Rajesh Agarwal, PhD, investigator at the University of Colorado Cancer Center and professor at the Skaggs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences.It depends in large part, says Agarwal, on a healthy cell's ability to wait out damage.

Grape Seed Extract Kills Head and Neck Cancer Cells, Leaves Healthy Cells Unharmed

ScienceDaily (Jan. 27, 2012)

Grape seed extract creates these conditions that are unfavorable to growth. Specifically, the paper shows that grape seed extract both damages cancer cells' DNA (via increased reactive oxygen species) and stops the pathways that allow repair (as seen by decreased levels of the DNA repair molecules Brca1 and Rad51 and DNA repair foci).

Grape Seed Extract Kills Head and Neck Cancer Cells, Leaves Healthy Cells Unharmed

ScienceDaily (Jan. 27, 2012)

OBSERVATION: I think that we could investigate and create more line of therapies to treat cancer based on the study of DNA replication and DNA repair how in this case this study show us that grape seed extract kills head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells thus create a unfavorable conditions to cells of cancer . I think that is necessary because the cancer is a serious problem of mortality and morbidity in the all world.

Smaller Sibling Protein Calls the Shots in Cell Division ScienceDaily.

Jan. 3, 2012

Smaller Sibling Protein Calls the Shots in Cell Division ScienceDaily .Jan. 3, 2012

Scientists have found at least one instance when the smaller sibling gets to call the shots and cancer patients may one day benefit.

The protein Chk1 has long been known to be a checkpoint in cell development: it keeps normal cells and damaged cells from dividing until their DNA has been fully replicated or repaired

Smaller Sibling Protein Calls the Shots in Cell Division ScienceDaily. Jan. 3, 2012

Dr. Zheng Dong, cell biologist at GHSU and the Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Augusta. "The question that has been hanging on for many years is: How is Chk1 regulated?"They found that significantly increasing levels of Chk1-S induces cell division regardless of whether DNA replication or repair is complete.

While the biggest burst of cell division occurs during development, it continues lifelong in areas such as the blood, skin and gastrointestinal tract where cell turnover is high. "Lots of tissues need to regenerate," said Dong.

Dr. Navjotsingh Pabla, a postdoctoral fellow at Caltech Said “Chk1-S expression is nearly zero in normal, non-dividing cells.”These findings, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, point toward the short form's potential to help diagnose and/or treat cancer.

Smaller Sibling Protein Calls the Shots in Cell Division ScienceDaily. Jan. 3, 2012

OBSERVATION: it´s important follow investigating the mechanism of action of this proteins (Chk1 and Chk1-S) to have more information of DNA replication and repair in the process of grow of cancer cells and its important because we will have more sites to treat cancer in a future.

The investigation is important because it allows medical advance and discoveries in favor of cancer .

CLINICAL UTILITY

It is important to continue exploring new methods which should help to combat this disease that affects a large number of people all over the world.

The final objective is not only to discover a new methods to attack the disease, but improve patient’s quality of life.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Charles Darwin. 1809-1892. "Es más frecuente que la confianza sea generada por la ignorancia que por el conocimiento: son los que conocen poco y no los que conocen mucho, los que afirman tan positivamente que este o aquel problema nunca será solucionado por la ciencia."

THANK YOU