Brigit Viney withElaine Walker, SteveElsworth PEARSON I' . THIRD EDITION PearsonEducationLimited EdinburghGate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and AssociatedCompanies throughout the World www.longman.com PearsonEducationLimited2007 Therightsof Brigit Viney,Elaine Walker andSteveElsworth to beidentifiedasthe authors of this Work havebeen assertedbytheminaccordance withtheCopyright, DesignsandPatents Act1988. Allrightsreserved; nopart of thispublicationmay bereproduced, stored ina retrievalsystem, ortransmittedinanyformor byanymeans, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, orotherwisewithout thepriorwrittenpermissionof thePublishers. PackISBN: 978-1-4058-5294-4 Book withkeyISBN: 978-1-4058-4460-4 CD-ROMISBN: 978-1-4058-4459-8 First publishedin2000 Sixthimpression20 I I PrintedinMalaysia(CTP-VP) Publisher's acknowledgements We are gratefulto the followingforpermissiontoreproducephotographs: Punchstock Royalty Free Images: front andback cover (I)(BananaStock), (m)(ImageSource), (r) (PhotodiscGreen) Everyeffort hasbeenmade to trace thecopyrightholders andwe apologiseinadvance for any unintentionalomissions.We wouldbepleased to insert the appropriate acknowledgement in anysubsequent editionof thispublication. The vocabularydefinitionsonpage173arebasedon: TheLongman ActiveStudyDictionary TheLongman WordWiseDictionary Authors' acknowledgements, BrigitViney wouldliketo thank allthose at PearsonLongmanandProcessELTwhohaveworkedon thisbook, especially the editor, MariaKaryda, andthepublisher, Heather Jones, for their hardwork andencouragement. Specialthanksalsogo to SheilaDignenforher unfailingsupport. DesignedbyStudioImageandPhotographic Art (www.studio-image.com) IllustrationsbyBillPandos EditedbyMariaKaryda ProducedandmanagedbyPROCESSELTLoukasIoannou(www.process-elt.com) 8 I Brigit Viney withElaine Walker, SteveElsworth -.a. ala IIIIIIIW ' -THIRD EDITION withkey Contents .. GRAMMAR Nouns, pronouns anddeterminers Nouns anddeterminers 1book,booksSingular andplural nouns... . ........ 4 2a banana,anorangeIndefinite article. .. .. . . .. . .. .5 3a DVD,the DVDDefinite andindefinite article(1). . . .. 6 4a glass,waterCountable anduncountable nouns .. .. 8 5a/an,some,any,no... .. . . . ..... . ... .. . .. .... . ... 9 6a bar of chocolate, a loaf of bread Counting uncountable nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 7many,much,more.. ...... . ... . . . .......... . .... 12 8a few,a little,a lot of/lots of. .......... .. ... . .... 14 9all,every . ............... . .. .. .. . .... . ..... . ..15 Check 1Nouns and determiners....... . ........... 17 Pronouns andpossessives 10/,meSubject andobject pronouns. ......... .. .. .18 11my,yourPossessive adjectives.. . .. . . . ... .. .. .. .19 12Sarah's bagPossessive's (1)... . ........ . .. . . . .. 20 13the end of the road,the car keys Other possessives.. . ......... . ... .. ... ......... 22 14mine,yoursPossessive pronouns. . .. .... . .. .... .23 15this,that,these,thoseDemonstrative pronouns .... 24 16It's Tom's.Possessive's (2). . . .... ... .. ........ .26 17one,ones. ....... . . .. . ...... . . . ....... . . . . .... 27 18something, everythingIndefinite pronouns (1). . . .. 28 19anything,nothingIndefinite pronouns (2). .. . ... . . 29 Check 2Pronouns andpossessives . ........ . ....... 30 Articles 20a shirt,the shirtDefinite and indefinite article (2)... 31 21a shop,the post office Definite andindefinite article (3)........ .. .... . . . . 32 22a good book,the piano,tennis Definite, indefinite andzeroarticle... . . ... . .. ..... 33 Check 3 Articles. . .. . .. ... . . . . ..... .. . . .. . ....... 35 Adjectivesandadverbs Adjectives 23small,expensiveAdjectives........... . .. ... .... 36 24smaller than, more expensive than Comparative adjectives... . .... . ....... .... . .... 37 25the smallest,the most expensive Superlative adjectives..... . .................... 38 26smaller than,the smallest Comparative and superlative adjectives.. . . . .... .. . 40 27a nice blue shirtOrder of adjectives. ... ...... . . ..41 --2 Adverbs 28slow,slowlyAdverbs of manner . . ...... . . . . . ... .42 29more slowly,the most slowly Comparative and superlative adverbs . . ........... . 43 30too small,not big enoughtoo andenough.. .... .. 45 31always,neverAdverbs of frequency.... . .... . .... 46 Check 4 Adjectives andadverbs ....... . .......... .. 48 Tenses Present tenses 32/' m Sam.Present simple of be... ........ .. . ... .. 49 33I' ve got a computer.Present simple of have(got). . .51 34/live here.Present simple: affirmative. ..... .... .. 53 35I don't live here.Present simple: negative. .. . .. ... 55 36Doyou live here?Present simple: questions....... 56 Check 5 Present simple ....... . ............. . .. . . . 58 37/' m going home.Present continuous: affirmative... 59 38She isn't going home. /Is she sleeping? Present continuous:negative and questions.. . . ... .61 39he goes I he's going Present simple or present continuous..... . . . .... .63 Check 6Present simple or present continuous. .. .. . . 65 Past tenses 40I was late.Past simple of be. .. . . . ... ... .... .. ... 66 41I walked tothe station. Past simple: affirmative, regular verbs. ... . ....... . 68 42Wewent totown. Past simple: affirmative, irregular verbs.......... . .70 43I didn't see it.Did you see it? Past simple: negative and questions. .... ... . ... . .72 44last night,two days ago Past simple: time expressions. .... . .... . ....... . .74 Check 7 Past simple . . . . . . . . ... .... . . .... . . . .... . .75 45I waswatching TV at six.Past continuous.... ..... 76 46I was going home when you rang. Past continuous andpast simple .... . . . . .. . .... . .. 78 Check 8Past continuous andpast simple.. ... .. . ... 8o Perfect tenses 47I've forgottenhis name. Present perfect:form anduse. ... . ... . ... . ..... . .81 48I've already told her. Present perfect with yet, just, already . . .. .... . ..... 83 49/' ve never been toIndia. Present perfect with ever,never ...... . .. . . . . . . . .. . 85 soI've known jack for six months. Present perfect withfor,since. . .. .... . .... . . . . . .. 87 51He's gone to town. I Hewent totown yesterday. Present perfect andpast simple.. . .... . . ... .. . . .. 89 Check 9Present perfect.................. . . . .. . ..91 Future forms 52/' m going to stay at home.be going to.......... . 92 53/' IIcome with you.will. . .. . ...... . .......... . .. 94 54I'm going to stay. I I' IIstay.be going to andwill.. . 95 55/' m leaving at six.Present continuous for future. ... 97 56Thetrainleaves at ten.Present simple for future.. . 98 Check 10Future forms.......... . . . .... . ... . .... . 99 Modal verbs 57I can play the guitar.Ability in the present........ 100 58I could read when I was five.Ability inthe past.... 101 59CanI use the car?Permission... ... . . . .. . . . . .... 103 6oWemust go.Obligation, prohibition.. . . . .. . . . . .. 104 61I have to go.Necessity.. . . . . . .... ... .. .. ...... 105 Check 11Modal verbs(1).............. ... .... . ... 107 62Can/Could you help me?Requests. . .. . . .. . . .... 108 63/'II help you. I Shall/ help you?Offers.... ...... 109 64Let's go tothe beach.Suggestions . . . ... .. . .... .110 65You should stay.Advice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111 66She may/might be at home.Possibility .. ......... 113 Check 12Modal verbs(2).... . ........ . . .. ....... 114 Sentence andtext structure Statements 67/like it.It's nice.Wordorder instatements.... ...115 68I gave joe a book. I I gave a book to joe. Direct andindirect objects..... ..... . ....... . .. .116 69Wait here.Don't go.Theimperative.. . ... . .. . ...118 70There's a CDnear the computer. there is/are. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119 71It's raining.Uses of it............ ........ ..... 120 Check 13Statements...... . ....... . ....... . . ... 122 Questions 72Are you leaving?yes;hoquestions .......... . . . . .123 73When are you leaving?wh- questions (1)........ 125 74Whodid you phone?wh- questions (2). . . .. ...... 127 75What's he like?be like. . ...... . ...... . .... . ... 129 Check 14Questions.... .. ......... ... ... . . ..... 130 -ing forms andinfinitives 76Dancing is fun. -ing forms as subjects of sentences... . ... . ... ...131 77/like dancing.Verbs followed by -ing form.. . ... .. 132 78I want to go home. Verbs followed byto-infinit ive.. .. ...... . .. . ... .. 133 79I'd like toplay./!like playing. would like+ to-infinitive, like+ -ing form.. . .... . .. 134 SoI went there to get a book.Infinitive of purpose... 135 Check 15-ing forms andinfinitives..... ... . ... .... 136 Contents That clauses 81I think that ... , I'm sure that ... Verb/ adjective+ that clause. . ...... . .. .. .. ... . .137 Relative clauses 82the man who lives next door Defining relative clauses...... .. . .... . . . ....... 139 83the boy by the door Identifying people andthings... . . . . .. .......... 141 Linking words and structures 84and, but,or,because, soSentence linking..... . . . 142 85first,next,then,after that,finallySequencing . . . .. 143 Conditional and time clauses 86If I see her,I' IItell her.The first conditional. . .. ... 145 87/'II tell her when I see her.Future time clauses.... 147 Check 16Clauses... . . .. . . . . . . . ........... . . . ... 148 VocABULARY Prepositions andphrasal verbs 88at the door,inthe kitchen,onthe table Prepositions of place(1)... . . . .. ................ 149 89infront of the lamp,next to the phone Prepositions of place(2). . . .. ..... . . . .. ......... 151 90fromthe bus stop tothe cinema Prepositions of movement.. . . . .... ... . . . . . . . ... 153 91on Monday,inthe morning, at one o'clock Prepositions of time(1)...... . .. ... . .... ... ... 155 92before the exam,during the play,after lunch Prepositions of time (2) .................... ... .. 157 Check 17 Prepositions of place, movement andtime.... .. ...... 158 93at home,inbedPreposition + noun... .. .. . ...... 159 94interested in,good atAdjective+ preposition.. ... 160 95get on, sit down, look outPhrasal verbs .......... 162 Check 18Prepositions andphrasal verbs ........... 163 Wordformation 96interested, interesting Adjectives ending in-ed and-ing.... . ... .... ... 164 97dirty,comfortable, carefulAdjective suffi xes... ... 165 98uncomfortable,impossibleNegative prefixes..... 166 99a flower shop, a sports centreCompoundnouns . .. 167 Check 19Wordformation. .. ... .. . .... . .. . . . ..... 168 Appendices Index Answer key 169 174 177 3 4 Nouns and determiners 1book,books onebook two booksonebusthree busesonechildfour children Tomake a singular noun into a plural noun, add-sor-es: book booksgame games boysbus buses match matches Becareful of spelling changes: babiespotatoes knives Theseplurals are irregular: manmenwomanwomenchild childrenperson people feettoothteethmousemicefishfishsheepsheep See Appendix 1: Spelling rules for plural nouns, page 169. PR A G:J;ICE, 1aWrite the plurals of the words in the box in the correct group. addressbagbirthdayboxbrotherbrushbuschurch coatdishdresseurofoxorangepenplaceprogramme sandwichtabletomatotoytreewatchwish -s: .. ................... -es: addresses 1bComplete the table. SingularPluralSingularPlural beachbeachesshelf holidayshoe loaffoot maneye dictionaryglass personpotato 1 Grammar: nouns and determiners 2a banana,anorange a bananaa big orangean applean expensive pizza Weuse a/an before a noun when we talk about one thing or person: a banana(= one banana)on apple(= one apple) Weuse a before a consonant sound: a bananaa big orange Weuse anbefore a vowel sound(a,e,i,o,u):on appleon expensive pizza PRACTICE 2aComplete the table. Write the nouns in the box in the correct group. aR-imalanswerarmauntbottleCDdeske-mailenvelope examexercisefilmgoalholidayice creaminsectisland keylemonmapneighbouroctopusomeletteofficephoto rulershiptownumbrellaunclevisitorwindow L a I 2bCircle the correct answer. oThat's a /@excellent idea! 1Isit a I anbig island? 2She's a I an Americanfilm star. 3Areyoua I annew student? 4It's a I anugly place. j uu _animal 5Chinese isn't a I aneasylanguage. 6Thisis a I an difficult exam. 7He's a I animportant writer. 8Have yougot a I angood encyclopaedia? 9Is that a I annice restaurant? 10She's a I aninteresting person. an nl 5 Grammar: nouns and determiners 6 2CComplete the list of things in Luke's bedroom. Use a or on. Two things on the list are not in the picture. Can you find them? o.. ..oLct8........ 1........9........ poster of ........ 2........ 10. .......3.. ......beet11........4........ WCILLet12........ C!ppLeClll'.ctbCIII'.CIII'.CI 5........ co1%puter13........ SI%CILL6........14........ of ........ eLepV!CIII'.t 7........ CILC!rl%15........ Loll'.gsV!eLf There isn't ..... ........................ or ................ ............. in the picture. 3a DVD,the DVD There's a DVDwith this magazine.I want to watch the DVD. DVDs are expensive.Where are the DVDs? Weuse a/an with a singular noun whenwe talk about a thing but it is not clear which thing wemean: There's a DVDwith this magazine.(It is not clear whichDVDI mean.) Weuse the with a singular or plural noun whenit is clear which thing or things wemean: I want to watch the DVD.(Weknow whichDVD.) Wedo not use a/an withplural nouns: He's got a problem.He's got problems. For more about articles, see Units 2o-22. Grammar: nouns and determiners PRACTICE 38Circle the correct answer. 3b A:I'mgoing to(o)a ~ p a r k .Doyouwant to come? B:OK. Why are you going there? A:I'm trying to take(1)the photos /photos of (2)a people /people.I'mdoing (3)an /the art project. B:Oh. What's it about? A:(4)Thefaces/Faces.I want to make(s)a /the big picture with (6)the photos I photos. I need about thirty pictures. Smile! B:Oh! A:That's a nice photo.Look! B:It isn't nice!Look at (7)a /the tree onmy head! And(8)the flowers/flowers inmy ears! A:Don't worry.It's (9)a /the great picture. It's art! B:Giveme(to) a /the camera! Complete the conversations. Use a, an, the or-. oA:Doyouwant to play .....~..... game? B:I don't know. What do you want to play? 1A:Have yougot ............ key? B:No.It's onthe table. 2A:I've got ......... ... idea. B:Oh. What? 3 A:Doyou go to ............ rock concerts? B:Sometimes. 4A:What's that under .. .......... sofa? B:I don't know. It's horrible! 5 A:Are............ beaches he.renice? B:Yes. 6A:Isthere ............ telephone near here? B:Yes.Near that cafe. 7 A:I'msending Sarah............ text message. B:What are you saying init? 8A:WhereareLucy andMatt? B:They're in............ car. They're waiting for you. 9A:Why do youlike ......... ...horses? B:They're beautiful andexciting. 10A:Is this CDgood? B:Yes ............. songs are brilliant! 7 Grammar: nouns and determiners 8 4a glass,water a glass -7two glasses water a car -7two cars rice anexam-7three exams money Countable nouns canbesingular or plural. Wecancount them and wecanuse numbers and a/an with them: a car -7two carsanexam-7three exams Uncountable nouns arenot usually plural. Wecannot count themand wedo not usually use numbers or a/an with them: e watertwe money PRACTICE 4aComplete the table. Write C after the countable nouns andU after the uncountable nouns. breaduchairjuice CDcumbrellaidea souprainbus informationchildair bottleT-shirtbook oilteajob friendcafefun cheesehomeworkprogramme foodmilksong cupmusicsnow honeyflowerpopcorn shirtluckbox 4bComplete the conversation. Use a, an or-. A:I don' t eat (o)... ..-:-:..... meat. B:Do you eat (1)............ fish? A:Yes. And(2).... ........ eggs. B:I love(3)............ fruit.I have(4).. .......... orange every day. A:I have(s)............ banana at lunch. B:Do youhave(6)........... . sandwich, too? A:Yes. And(7)......... ...biscuit. B:I don't like (8).. ...... .... tea.Doyou? A:Yes,but I like (9)...... ......sugar init. What do you drink? B:Oh,(to)............ coffee,usually. ~ A . ~ Grammar: nouns and determiners..____ 5a/an, some, any,no We'vegot some tomatoes, somebread andanorange. Wehaven't got any bananas or any cheese. We've got no biscuits and no milk. Have wegot any eggs?Have wegot any juice? Weuse a/an with singular countable nouns (seeUnit 2): Wehaven't got a melon.We've got an orange. Weuse some with plural countable nouns anduncountable nouns inaffirmative sentences:We've got some tomatoes.We've got some bread. Weuse any with plural countable nouns anduncountable nouns innegative sentences andquestions: Wehaven't got any bananas.Wehaven't got any cheese. Havewe got any eggs?Havewe got any orange juice? Weuse no with singular andplural countable nouns anduncountable nouns, to mean'not one/not any'. Weuse no with anaffirmative verb: We've got no biscuits.We've got no milk. Weusually use some (not any)inquestions when weoffer something to someone or when we ask for something: Would you like some biscuits?CanI have some juice? PRACTICE saComplete the sentences.Use a, an or some. oTomwants .........l!......... biscuit. 1Thereare ................... bananas in the kitchen. 2There's ................... ricein the fridge. 3I eat ................... apple every day. 4I'dlike ................... chips, please. 5Laurawouldlike .... .......... ..... cheese inher salad. 6I've got ................... sandwich for you. sbComplete the sentences.Use some or any. oWeneed..... ~ ? . ~ ~.. ... onions for this soup. 1Have wegot ...................cola? 2I'mhungry.Let'smake ................... sandwiches. 3There aren't .......... ....... .. tomatoes in the fridge. 4We'vegot ............ ....... popcorn. It's in that bowl. 5Is there ............ .......water inthat bottle? 6Weneed ................... flour for the cake. 9 Grammar: nouns and determiners scYouanda friendareplanning a party for another friend. Complete the questions. Use a, some or any. oHave yougot ....... ...... CDs? 1Are there ................... coloured lights inthe room? 2CouldI have ................... money for the cake,please? 3Arewegoing to have ............. ...... food? 4Isthere ................... good CDplayer there? 5Have yougot ................... balloons? 6CanI have................... envelopes for the invitations, please? 7Have you got ........ .......... . present for her? 8Would youlike ................... paper for your present? sdCircle the correct answer. oThere's@!any pool inour hotel. 1Therearen't no /any people on the beach. 2I haven't got no I any money. 3Thereare no I any boat trips today. 4Anna doesn't useno I any suncream. 5I've got no I any sweaters. 6There's no I any water in this bottle. 7I don't want no I any juice, thanks. 8There are no /any rocks inthe water. 9There aren't no /any trees onthis island. 10There are no /any windows in our room. 5eNatalie is going onholiday tomorrow. Complete Kate'smessage to her.Use a, some, any or no.

For-title we(o)..... ....... for-titlewe doli\,'t (1.)..... .... .... .... ...t:>VDs- tltler-e's(::2.)........ . ....... t:>VD For-title jovtn",elj,to (3).. ....... ........... -pvtzztebooR.,(4).. ................. . coffee &111\,d(5)... .. .... .... ... ....ljOvtgot(6)......... ..... ..... . TV\er-e(7-)... .. .. .. ........... sto-psOil\,tltlejovtr-111-t!j&111\,dtltlue's (!?)..... ... ...... .... ..foodOil\,title sowec&lll\,'tbvt!jor- Oil\,title W&!!j. see ljOvt Grammar: nouns and determiners..____ 6a bar of chocolate,a loaf of bread

a bar of chocolate a loaf of bread Wecannot count uncountable nouns, but wecancount: - the litres, grams or kilos: a litre of milka kilo of meat - the containers: a cup of teathree bottles of water - the pieces: a piece of chocolatetwo slices of bread - the things webuy: a bar of chocolatea loaf of bread 0 a piece of paper Wecanalso use a piece of with some other nouns: a piece of advice,a piece of furniture,a piece of luggage,a piece of music, a piece of paper PRACTICE 6aLabel the pictures.Use the words inthebox. I bottlebowlcancartonWf}glassjarslicetubeI 0 1 D