GRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEK Use commas to separate three or more items in a series, two or more...

GRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEKGRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEK

Use commas to separate three or more items in a series, two or more adjectives before a noun, or to separate parts of a date.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM:

pulchritude (n) – physical beauty pulchritude (n) – physical beauty

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION:

She was very popular because her She was very popular because her pulchritude was striking her pulchritude was striking her personality was sweet and her personality was sweet and her demeanor was friendly. demeanor was friendly.


queue (n) – a waiting linequeue (n) – a waiting line


I was angry that I had to wait in line I was angry that I had to wait in line

at the supermarket even though I at the supermarket even though I

only needed milk sugar and flour. only needed milk sugar and flour.


ravenous (adj) – hungry; very eagerravenous (adj) – hungry; very eager


I remember being ravenous after the I remember being ravenous after the

prom ended at midnight on April 28 prom ended at midnight on April 28

1999 because I had not eaten all day. 1999 because I had not eaten all day.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: recalcitrant (adj) – stubbornly resistant recalcitrant (adj) – stubbornly resistant

to authorityto authority

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The recalcitrant young man had a long The recalcitrant young man had a long

list of infractions on his D-1 list of infractions on his D-1 insubordination inappropriate insubordination inappropriate language and fighting. language and fighting.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: remorse (n) – regret for having done remorse (n) – regret for having done

wrongwrong


I felt great remorse after yelling at the I felt great remorse after yelling at the

quiet sweet student. quiet sweet student.


Use commas to set off a noun in a direct address, set off appositives and non-essential clauses, and after an introductory adverb clause.


remuneration (n) – payment; rewardremuneration (n) – payment; reward


The remuneration which was only The remuneration which was only

$100 was no where near enough to $100 was no where near enough to

repay the damage that had been repay the damage that had been

done. done.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: rendezvous (n) – an appointment; a rendezvous (n) – an appointment; a

meeting placemeeting place


Dan let’s schedule our next rendezvous Dan let’s schedule our next rendezvous

at the local italian restaurant.at the local italian restaurant.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: replicate (v) – to duplicate; to repeatreplicate (v) – to duplicate; to repeat

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Because of the latest charges of Because of the latest charges of cheating please be sure not to replicate cheating please be sure not to replicate any information from the original any information from the original document Ben. document Ben.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: reverberate (v) – to echo or resoundreverberate (v) – to echo or resound

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Because the mountains were so Because the mountains were so secluded many people heard their voices secluded many people heard their voices reverberate when they yelled. reverberate when they yelled.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: reverie (n) – daydream; being lost in reverie (n) – daydream; being lost in

thoughtthought


She was lost in a reverie after the lovely She was lost in a reverie after the lovely

date which was her first date with date which was her first date with

William.William.

GRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEKGRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEK Use a singular verb with a singular subject and a plural verb with a plural subject. Subjects joined by and take a plural verb. Singular subjects joined by or or nor take singular verbs.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: roster (n) – a list of namesroster (n) – a list of names


Calvin and Dawn’s names was both on Calvin and Dawn’s names was both on

the roster of students going on the the roster of students going on the

trip. trip.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: ruminate (v) – to ponder; to think over ruminate (v) – to ponder; to think over

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Philosophers likes to ruminate about Philosophers likes to ruminate about the meaning of life. the meaning of life.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: salutary (adj) – promoting health; salutary (adj) – promoting health;

beneficialbeneficial


Neither Big Macs nor Whoppers are Neither Big Macs nor Whoppers are

salutary, but apples and oranges is.salutary, but apples and oranges is.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: sangfroid (n) – poise and calmness; sangfroid (n) – poise and calmness;

especially under strain especially under strain


Mr. McDonald the band teacher are Mr. McDonald the band teacher are

known for keeping his sangfroid no known for keeping his sangfroid no

matter what. matter what.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: satiated (adj) – fully fed; fully satisfied satiated (adj) – fully fed; fully satisfied

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Despite eating two hamburgers two hot Despite eating two hamburgers two hot

dogs and three slices of pie Katy were dogs and three slices of pie Katy were still not satiated and wanted more. still not satiated and wanted more.


Use the correct forms of their, Use the correct forms of their, there, and they’re; your and there, and they’re; your and you’re; its and it’s.you’re; its and it’s.

its - possessive they’re - they areits - possessive they’re - they areit’s - it is their - possessiveit’s - it is their - possessive there - a placethere - a placeyour - possessiveyour - possessiveyou’re - you are you’re - you are

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: saturnine (adj) – gloomy; surly saturnine (adj) – gloomy; surly


You’re saturnine attitude is the reason You’re saturnine attitude is the reason

why their will be none of your friends why their will be none of your friends

coming over this weekend. coming over this weekend.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: scintillate (v) – to sparkle; to flash scintillate (v) – to sparkle; to flash

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Its the Fourth of July and fireworks have Its the Fourth of July and fireworks have begun to scintillate in the night sky.begun to scintillate in the night sky.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: sediment (n) – matter that settles to the sediment (n) – matter that settles to the

bottom of a liquidbottom of a liquid


The sediment in the water at there The sediment in the water at there

house makes me think their might be a house makes me think their might be a

problem with they’re well. problem with they’re well.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: seraph (n) – an angelseraph (n) – an angel

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Its always so nice to see the beautiful Its always so nice to see the beautiful ornaments of seraphs on you’re tree at ornaments of seraphs on you’re tree at Christmas.Christmas.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: sibilant (adj) – producing a hissing sound sibilant (adj) – producing a hissing sound


The snake and it’s sibilant sounds The snake and it’s sibilant sounds

terrify me.terrify me.


Use a hyphen to separate Use a hyphen to separate compound numbers from twenty-compound numbers from twenty-one to ninety-nine, fractions used one to ninety-nine, fractions used as adjectives, and to show a span as adjectives, and to show a span of numbers. of numbers.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: silhouette (n) – a dark outline against a silhouette (n) – a dark outline against a

light background light background


Two thirds of the guests walking Two thirds of the guests walking

through the haunted house were scared through the haunted house were scared

when they saw the silhouette of the when they saw the silhouette of the

young man in the ghost story. young man in the ghost story.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: sinewy (adj) – strong and firm; tough sinewy (adj) – strong and firm; tough


Players 1 through 17 were sinewy and Players 1 through 17 were sinewy and

strong, but players 18 through 23 were strong, but players 18 through 23 were

weak and injured easily.weak and injured easily.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: somnambulist (n) – a sleepwalker somnambulist (n) – a sleepwalker


The somnambulist was caught walking The somnambulist was caught walking

down the road in the middle of the down the road in the middle of the

night on thirty nine different occasions. night on thirty nine different occasions.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: soporific (adj) – causing sleep soporific (adj) – causing sleep

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Having only one half a cup of wine Having only one half a cup of wine before bed has a soporific effect on me. before bed has a soporific effect on me.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: spectrum (n) – a wide range or sequence spectrum (n) – a wide range or sequence

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Across the spectrum of 100 Across the spectrum of 100 participants, numbers seventy four participants, numbers seventy four and fifty two were the only ones who and fifty two were the only ones who dropped out of the experiment. dropped out of the experiment.


Use a colon when you write the Use a colon when you write the time in numerals, before a list of time in numerals, before a list of items, and after the salutation of a items, and after the salutation of a business letter. business letter.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: symposium (n) – a meeting to discuss a symposium (n) – a meeting to discuss a

particular topic particular topic

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The symposium was held by the The symposium was held by the committee to discuss jobs healthcare committee to discuss jobs healthcare and taxes.and taxes.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: taciturn (adj) – disinclined to talk; silenttaciturn (adj) – disinclined to talk; silent


When the concert began at 800, the When the concert began at 800, the

audience immediately became taciturn. audience immediately became taciturn.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: tantalize (v) – to tease by keeping tantalize (v) – to tease by keeping

something out of reach something out of reach


Mr. HardwickMr. Hardwick

Please do not tantalize me with this Please do not tantalize me with this

secret any longer - I want to know all secret any longer - I want to know all

the details of what happened. the details of what happened.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: tendril (n) – coiling part of a climbing tendril (n) – coiling part of a climbing

plant which serves to attach it to a plant which serves to attach it to a support support

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The tendril of the plant caused damage The tendril of the plant caused damage in three ways: by cracking the brick, in three ways: by cracking the brick, breaking the stone, and covering the breaking the stone, and covering the window.window.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: timorous (adj) – easily frightened; timidtimorous (adj) – easily frightened; timid

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The timorous girl had to complete three The timorous girl had to complete three uncomfortable tasks: sing in public uncomfortable tasks: sing in public make a speech in church and perform in make a speech in church and perform in the school dance recital.the school dance recital.


Use a semicolon to separate main Use a semicolon to separate main clauses not joined by clauses not joined by andand, , butbut, , oror, , nornor, , yetyet, or , or forfor AND to separate AND to separate main clauses that are joined by a main clauses that are joined by a conjunctive adverb such as: conjunctive adverb such as: howeverhowever, , furthermorefurthermore, , moreovermoreover, , neverthelessnevertheless, , thereforetherefore. .


titanic (adj) – huge; powerful titanic (adj) – huge; powerful


The wall of water was titanic it nearly The wall of water was titanic it nearly

ripped the small boat in half.ripped the small boat in half.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: torturous (adj) – winding or twisting; torturous (adj) – winding or twisting;

devious devious

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The passengers thought the bus trip up The passengers thought the bus trip up the mountain was torturous however, the mountain was torturous however, the bus driver quite enjoyed himself. the bus driver quite enjoyed himself.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: transpose (v) – to reverse the order or transpose (v) – to reverse the order or

place of place of

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: It is important to transpose the list It is important to transpose the list contestants should be lined up from contestants should be lined up from shortest to tallest, not tallest to shortest to tallest, not tallest to shortest.shortest.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: tributary (n) – a stream or river flowing tributary (n) – a stream or river flowing

into a larger stream or riverinto a larger stream or river

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Rafting down the tributary was Rafting down the tributary was peaceful once we reached the raging peaceful once we reached the raging river, things got rough quickly.river, things got rough quickly.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: truculent (adj) – savage; fierce truculent (adj) – savage; fierce


The truculent soldier won many awards The truculent soldier won many awards

nonetheless he never felt fully prepared nonetheless he never felt fully prepared

for the dangers of battle. for the dangers of battle.

GRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEKGRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEKUnderline or italicize titles of: books, Underline or italicize titles of: books, magazines, newspapers, plays, magazines, newspapers, plays, movies, television series, long poems, movies, television series, long poems, paintings, sculptures, long musical paintings, sculptures, long musical compositions, works of art, spacecraft, compositions, works of art, spacecraft, and ships. Use quotation marks for: and ships. Use quotation marks for: short works or sections of a larger short works or sections of a larger work such as work such as chapters, articles, songs, short stories, essays, poems, and television episodes.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: truncated (v) – cut off; shortened truncated (v) – cut off; shortened

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The editor truncated three chapters The editor truncated three chapters from the book Tales from China.from the book Tales from China.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: valor (n) – courage; braveryvalor (n) – courage; bravery

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The article Valor in Vietnam was well-The article Valor in Vietnam was well-received by critics. received by critics.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: verve (n) – energy; livelinessverve (n) – energy; liveliness

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Passengers on the space shuttle Passengers on the space shuttle discovery must have a lot of verve in discovery must have a lot of verve in order to blast off into space. order to blast off into space.


vie (v) – strive; compete; contend vie (v) – strive; compete; contend


The singers of the songs Don’t Go The singers of the songs Don’t Go

Away and Why Then had to vie for the Away and Why Then had to vie for the

Grammy for best song of the year.Grammy for best song of the year.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: vintage (adj) – classic; outstanding; oldvintage (adj) – classic; outstanding; old

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The actress who played Juliet in Romeo The actress who played Juliet in Romeo and Juliet wore beautiful vintage and Juliet wore beautiful vintage costumes. costumes.


Using the grammar rules from Using the grammar rules from this quarter, identify the errors in this quarter, identify the errors in the following sentences. the following sentences.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: virtuoso (n) –person with unusual skill in virtuoso (n) –person with unusual skill in

any field, particularly in the artsany field, particularly in the arts

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: The piano virtuoso won first place on The piano virtuoso won first place on the television show America’s Got the television show America’s Got Talent. Talent.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: votary (n) – a person devoted to votary (n) – a person devoted to

something something

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Larry, are you a votary for the Obama Larry, are you a votary for the Obama campaign? campaign?

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: wanderlust (n) – a strong impulse to wanderlust (n) – a strong impulse to

traveltravel

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Many college students travels to Europe Many college students travels to Europe because of they’re wanderlust.because of they’re wanderlust.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: whet (v) – to sharpen; to stimulatewhet (v) – to sharpen; to stimulate

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Her first experience swimming in the Her first experience swimming in the pool whet her appetite for the sport pool whet her appetite for the sport she practiced daily and soon she practiced daily and soon she won her first race. she won her first race.

VOCABULARY TERM: VOCABULARY TERM: xenophobia (n) – fear or hatred of xenophobia (n) – fear or hatred of

strangers or foreignersstrangers or foreigners

SENTENCE CORRECTION: SENTENCE CORRECTION: Valerie’s severe xenophobia a fear of Valerie’s severe xenophobia a fear of strangers has kept her from strangers has kept her from traveling.traveling.

GRAMMAR RULE OF THE WEEK Use commas to separate three or more items in a series, two or more...

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