Grammar Chapter 2Parts of Speech

Part 2 Chapter 2 and 3

Mrs. Gonzalez6 Grade ELA

Adjectives• Adjective- is a word that is used to modify a noun or pronoun.

To modify a word means to describe a word or to make its meaning more definite.Ex: Music can express sad or happy feelings.Ex: We are proud of Bryce and Savanna.

What Kind? Gentle dogIrish townScary moviePurple shoes

Which One or Ones? Sixth gradeThese booksOther peopleAny CD

How Many or How Much? Two ticketsFull pitcherMost playersNo work

Proper and Demonstrative Adjectives• A Proper adjective- is formed from a proper noun and begins

with a capital letter.

Ex: The Egyptian mummies are on display on the first floor.

• This, that, these, and those can be both as adjectives and as pronouns. Demonstrative Adjective are adjectives that modify nouns, pronouns. When they are used alone they are called demonstrative pronouns.

Ex: Adjective- What are these skates doing in the living room? Pronoun- What are these doing in the living room?

Proper Nouns Proper Adjectives

Japan Japanese islands

Easter Easter Sunday

Chapter 3 Parts of Speech Overview• Verb- A verb is a word that expresses action or a stated of being.

Examples:– The dog barked all night.– Bret throws the ball a long way.– Mrs. Gonzalez is the new English teacher.

• Helping verbs (auxillary verbs)- helps the main verb to express action or a state of being.

Examples:– Can speak– Will learn– Should have been fed

• Remember a verb cannot be a helping verb unless there is another verb for it to help. If a verb such as was or had is the only verb in a sentence, it is not a helping verb.

Example:– I had called my grandmother already. [Had is a helping the main verb, called.]– They had a good time at the nature center. [Had is the only verb; there is no other

verb for it to help.]

Verbs continued….• Together, the main verb and its helping verb or

verbs are called a verb phrase.Commonly Used Helping Verbs

am been did

are can do

be could doeshad has haveis may mightmust shall should

was were will

Verbs… Verbs…Verbs…• Action Verbs- expresses either physical or

mental activity. Example:– Physical Activity:

• I have used a computer in math class.• Please cook dinner, Mr. Gonzalez.

– Mental Activity: • The magician is thinking of a number.• Elman understands the math assignment better than

anyone else does.

Verbs

Commonly Used Linking Verbs

am Will be feelis Shall be groware May be lookwas Can be remainwere Would have been seemHas been appear smellHave been become staytaste turn sound

Linking Verbs- connects, or links, the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject.

VerbsExamples of Action and Linking Verbs

Action: They sounded the bell for a fire drill.Linking: Mom sounded happy about her new job.

Action: The judge will look at my science project.Linking: Ann will look funny in her gorilla costume.

Transitive VerbsTransitive Verbs- is a verb that expresses an action directed toward a person, place, thing, or idea. • With transitive verbs, the action passes from the doer-

the subject- to the receiver of the action. Words that receive the action of a transitive verb are called objects.

Example- • Gavin entertained the child. [The object child receives

the action of the verb entertained.]• Kelis visited San Diego. [The object San Juan receives

the action of the verb visited]

Intransitive VerbsAn intransitive verb tells something about the subject or expresses action without the action passing to a receiver, or object

ExamplesThe children smiled.

I am here.Kiely studies hard.