Grammar 101Spring 2012

National Taipei University

Instructor:Jully Yin

Meeting Room: Room 209

Meeting Four: Sentence Structures

SimpleCompoundComplexCompound-complex

Pretest1.  Pauline and Bruno have a big argument every summer over where they should spend their summer vacation. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

2.  Pauline loves to go to the beach and spend her days sunbathing. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

Pretest3.  Bruno, on the other hand, likes the view that he gets from the log cabin up in the mountains, and he enjoys hiking in the forest. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

4.  Pauline says there is nothing relaxing about chopping wood, swatting mosquitoes, and cooking over a woodstove. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

Pretest5.  Bruno dislikes sitting on the beach; he always gets a nasty sunburn. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

6.  Bruno tends to get bored sitting on the beach, watching the waves, getting sand in his swimsuit, and reading detective novels for a week. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

Pretest

7.  This year, after a lengthy, noisy debate, they decided to take separate vacations. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

8.  Bruno went to the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and Pauline went to Cape Cod. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

Answer Key of Pretest

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/sentence_types_quiz.htm

Pretest9.  Although they are 250 miles apart, they keep in constant contact on the internet. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

10.  Bruno took the desktop computer that he uses at work, and Pauline sits on the beach with her laptop computer, which she connects to the internet with a cellular phone. A. Simple SentenceB. Compound SentenceC. Complex SentenceD. Compound-Complex Sentence

Simple

A simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought.

Compound

A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator.

Complex

A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses.

Compound-complex

Compound + Complex

Clauses

A clause is a group of related words.  A clause has both a subject and a predicate.  There are two types of clauses.

Independent Clause Dependent Clause

Independent Clause

An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence.

Independent Clause

Example:

We walk to school.

Your Turn

Write down 3 Independent Clauses of your own and compare them with your partner.

Dependent Clause

A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a sentence.

Dependent Clause

Example:

when the cake is done baking 

Your Turn

Write down 3 Dependent Clauses of your own and compare them with your partner.

Do you know?

Do you know?

Do you know?

Do you know?

Do you know?

Do you know?

Evaluation

http://eslbee.com/cgi-bin/quiztest.cgi?simplecompoundorcomplex

Sentence Fragments

Could you tell these writers why the fragments are incomplete sentences?

____ 1. Then I attended Morris Junior High. A junior high that was a bad experience.

____ 2. The scene was filled with beauty. Such as the sun sending its brilliant rays to the earth and the leaves of various shades of red, yellow, and brown moving slowly in the wind.

Fragment

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/exercises/5/18/38/