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Grain & Feed Milling Technology is published six times a year by Perendale Publishers Ltd of the United Kingdom.All data is published in good faith, based on information received, and while every care is taken to prevent inaccuracies, the publishers accept no liability for any errors or omissions or for the consequences of action taken on the basis of information published. ©Copyright 2010 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. Printed by Perendale Publishers Ltd. ISSN: 1466-3872

Digital Re-print - May | June 2010 Feature title: Grain storage - The Canadian way

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For years Canada has been known for its quality grain, revered for its milling and processing quality.

Although there is no doubt that this starts from good seed and crop management, the reason Canadian farmers can deliver quality grain around the world is because of its grain handling system and post harvest technologies.

The grain handling system starts at the farm as the grain is harvested.

In Canada, unlike most other countries in the world, the vast majority of the grain is stored on the farm as it comes off the combine. Fifty years ago this was in small segregated storage of maybe 50 tonnes. It was not uncommon for a farm to have five, 10 or even 20 such small storage

bins. Each bin had a designated crop. It could be for high pro-tein wheat or maybe feed wheat or barley or oats.

But the crop was immedi-ately segregated in order to preserve the quality.

The best quality grain is never mixed with lesser qual-ity. Today, bins have become larger as farms have consoli-dated, fields have gotten larger and productivity has increased. But the basic idea of segregation at harvest has been maintained.

The role of the portable auger

Smaller storage units also

by Harry Harms, P Eng Manager, International and Commercial Sales, Westeel, Canada

Grain storageThe Canadian way

Grain&feed millinG technoloGy16 | may - June 2010

FeatureStorage

“Westeel offers one of the widest

ranges of grain storage product.

Its silos are used throughout

the Canadian grain storage

system starting at the farm

and then in facilities such as

inland grain elevators processing

plants and port facilities”

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allow for simpler construction, easier management of the grain and lower mechanization costs.

In Canada, these units are often built locally by farmers or a local contrac-tor. The bins are filled and emptied with portable farm augers. Portable augers are low cost, easy to move and clean out completely. They allow for easy expansion of the storage system and can even be used at several locations.

Portable augers are used for both load-ing grain into the bins and for unloading the

bins into

trucks.

With

prop-er layout they can also be used to move grain from

one bin to another. For this reason, the steel

bin and the portable auger are the

International Feed Industry Federation7 St George’s Terrace, St James’ Square, Cheltenham Glos GL50 3PT, UK

Tel: +44 1242 267702  Fax: +44 1242 267701 Website: www.ifif.org

All feed manufacturers are expected to comply with the Codex Alimentarius Code

of Practice on Good Animal Feeding, which is explained in detail in the new Manual

aimed at feed compounders, integrators and on-farm feed producers.

The feed industry through the International Feed Industry Federation, together with the

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, has developed a Manual that focuses on the issues of feed and food safety

For your copy of the Manual go to: www.ifif.org

Download the digital version free-of-charge from either: www.ifif.org or www.fao.org/ag/aga.html

or request a hard copy by ordering online (packaging and postal charges apply)

The global feed industry has adopted its first industry Manual

FAO and IFIF 2010

GOOD PRACTICESFOR THE FEED INDUSTRY

- Implementing the Codex Alimentarius Code of Practice on Good Animal Feeding

FAO Animal Production and Health Manual No. 9

9 7 8 9 2 5 1 0 6 4 8 7 0I1379E/1/01.10/630

ISBN 978-92-5-106487-0 ISSN 1810-1119

manual

ISSN

181

0-11

19

9

FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH

This manual provides updated comprehensive information and practical guidelines to assist producers and all stakeholders along the production and distribution chain to comply with the regulatory framework, which have or will come into force in response to the Codex Alimentarius Code of Practice on GoodAnimal Feeding. The application of this Code is an important step for the expansion of international trade in feed products as well as in products of animal origin. Both food exporting and importing countries can benefit from a more level playing field to support the trade of safe food products.This publication is intended to guide managers of feedmills and the feed industry as a whole.

It will also be of value to officers engaged in feed inspection, with their supervisory roles in feed safety. This manual is targeted at the commercial feed industries and farm-based feed mixers in developing countries and emerging economies in their endeavour to meet the rising quality and safety requirements of both the export and domestic markets, with the increasing participation oflarge-scale retailers everywhere.

9

FAO

Go

od

pra

ctices fo

r the fe

ed

ind

ustry

GOOD PRACTICESFOR THE FEED INDUSTRYImplementing the Codex AlimentariusCode of Practice on Good Animal Feeding

C

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CM

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CMY

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COVER.pdf 1 31/03/2010 13:12

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, or of IFIF concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO, or IFIF in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of FAO, or the IFIF.

ISBN 978-92-5-106487-0

All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission of the copyright. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the ChiefPublishing Policy and Support BranchOffice of Knowledge, Research and ExtensionFAOViale delle Terme di Caracalla00153 RomeItaly

or by e-mail to: copyright@fao.org

© FAO, 2010

Recommended CitationFAO and IFIF. 2010. Good practices for the feed industry – Implementing the Codex Alimentarius Code of Practice on Good Animal Feeding. FAO Animal Production and Health Manual No. 9. Rome.

IFIF/FAO_Manual_AD_IMD19.indd 1 27/05/2010 14:35

by Harry Harms, P Eng Manager, International and Commercial Sales, Westeel, Canada

Grain&feed millinG technoloGy may - June 2010 | 17

Feature Storage

Westeel: International 2010 Grain & Feed Milling Technology: 90mm x 270 mm, CMYK, May/June/2010

Publication

Our grain storage systems come with six continents of experience.Westeel offers a full line of professionally engineered grain storage products and systems for international sale – all backed by Westeel’s superior service and product support.

Commercial Grain Storage Bins (up to 674,000 bushels/18,343 tonnes) �On-Farm Grain Storage Bins (starting from 2,390 bushels/65 tonnes) �Aeration and Grain Drying Systems �Bin Unload and Grain Handling Systems �Systems Engineering and Design �

westeel.com

P.O. Box 792, 450 Desautels Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3C 2N5 Tel: (204) 233-7133 Fax: (204) 235-0796 westeel@westeel.com

Management Systems Registered to ISO 9001:2008. MF13229-0510

13229 Westeel International 2010 GFM.indd 1 5/20/10 4:19:31 PM

GFMT10.03.indd 17 28/05/2010 10:16

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condition. Cleaning to specific customer requirements take place before it is put into the terminal. And when the ship arrives, it is loaded and sent on to meet the needs of millers, brewers, crushers and processors around the world.

A pioneer in grain storageWesteel helped pioneer corrugated steel

grain storage back in the 1920s and today, as one of North America’s largest producers of grain bins and tanks, it leads the industry in design innovation, quality and product selection.

All of its products are manufactured under the stringent guidelines of ISO 9001, and the company employs the latest in computerized design and production technology throughout the manufacturing process. The result is prod-ucts of superior quality and long term value – products that represent the finest in on-farm and commercial storage available.

Westeel offers one of the widest ranges of grain storage product. Its silos are used throughout the Canadian grain storage sys-tem starting at the farm and then in facilities such as inland grain elevators, processing plants and port facilities.

It complements the silos with a com-plete range of accessories including aeration, unloading and grain handling systems.

Internationally, Westeel has been involved in grain storage projects for over 30 years. It has shipped products to China, Australia, New Zealand, Middle East, Africa, South America, South East Asia and Eastern and Western Europe.

cleaned, all this can be done at the elevator before it is combined in storage.

Gathering and moving grain – the grain elevator

The basic premise of a grain elevator however is not grain storage but rather throughput.

Storage is handled at the farm. The grain elevator is for gathering and

moving the grain to market. Because of this Canadian elevators are rather small by world standards. Commonly only 20- 30,000 tonnes storage capacity, they move 15 to 20 times their volume or upwards of 500,000 tonnes annually.

However because of their small size and high throughput, they are very efficient and much lower in cost than a facility with 500,000 tonnes capacity. Receiving systems take the grain at rates that are matched to the volume of grain at which trucks bring the grain to the elevator, typically at rates of 300 tonnes per hour. But for loading railcars, they are designed to move grain at much higher rates so that upwards of 100 railcars can be loaded in 24 hours.

At the port facilities grain is received from the railcars and checked again for grade and

fundamental pieces of storage equipment in Canada.

Cooling and moisture controlOn farm storage also becomes the first

step in the grain conditioning and manage-ment cycle. With segregated storage grain is easily monitored and conditioned.

Aeration systems which are used to cool the grain can also be used to control mois-ture content of the grain and suppress insect infestations and activity. And if a problem does occur then it becomes much easier to deal with and much quicker to resolve.

From the farm grain, is moved to gathering facilities commonly called grain elevators. In Canada these are strategi-cally located on rail lines so that grain can further be moved to ports for export. Because the grain is segregated and con-ditioned on the farm, the grain elevator can gather the quantity and quality of grain from the surrounding area that is required for the market.

If high quality grain is required, it is moved to the elevator by truck and combined with other grain of the same grade and quality. The grain is checked for infestations, mois-ture, and cleanliness as well as grade.

If it needs to be dried, fumigated or

for More inforMation:Westeel450 Desautels St, PO Box 792, Winnipeg, MB, R3C 2N5, Canada

Tel: +1 204 2337133Fax: +1 204 2350796Email: westeel@westeel.comWeb: www.westeel.com

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Tel +44 1482 782666 Fax +44 1482 793920Email: sales@tramcoeurope.karoo.co.ukWebsite: www.tramcoinc.com

Grain&feed millinG technoloGy18 | may - June 2010

FeatureStorage

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Grain&feed millinG technoloGy may - June 2010 | 19

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June 2010

• Flour mill design

In this issue:

• Grain storage - The Canadian way

• Simultaneous determination of

mycotoxins

• Hygienic Compact

Containment System

• The use of peripheral machines

in flour mills of today

• Horizontal twin-shaft paddle mixers

The ultimate in mixing technology

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