GRADE 8: SENIOR PHASE GEOGRAPHY

the globe This presentation is repurposed from mmrb, dmallett, DavidSP1996, TurKana

Israfilli, mrcoyleteach

and webhostingguy.

EARTH

Basic vocabulary

Equator

hemisphere

Northern

hemisphere

Southern

hemisphere

meridian

Polar circle

Tropic

Tropic of Cancer

Tropic of Capricorn

TIME

ZONES

THE INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE

Fixed, arbitrary boundary on the

earth in the Pacific Ocean where the

calendar date advances

Time zones

RULES FOR CROSSING THE IDL

Travelling East: results in one day or 24

hours subtracted. The day is

“repeated” to the west of the line.

Travelling West: results in one day or

24 hours added to the eastern side.

11am 1am 2am 3am 4am 5am 6am 7am 8am 9am 10am11am 1pm 2pm 3pm 4pm 5pm 6pm 7pm 8pm

9pm 10pm

Mid

nig

ht

NO

ON

TIME ZONES ON EARTH

Gre

en

wic

h M

eri

dia

n

ADD HOURS

SUBTRACT HOURS

15° 15° 15° 15° 15°15°15° 15° 15° 15°15°15°15°15°15°15°15°15°15°15°15°15°

Inte

rna

tio

na

l D

ate

Lin

e

15°15°

ADD HOURS

SUBTRACT HOURS

DAY &NIGHT

rotation axis

As the Earth moves around the Sun, this axis stays

always pointing in the same direction.

day and night

LOOKING DOWN FROM THE NORTH

POLE:

AS THE EARTH SPINS, PART OF THE EARTH IS FACING TOWARD THE SUN, AND PART IS FACING AWAY FROM THE SUN.

THE PART OF THE EARTH FACING THE SUN HAS DAYTIME

translation

movement

equinoxes

solstices

http://ithacasciencezone.com/earthzone/lessons/07meteor/daylight.jpg

seasons

IN THE SPRING AND FALL

http://k12.ocs.ou.edu/teachers/reference/equinox.gif

EQUINOX

A day lasts 12 hours and a night

lasts 12 hours at all latitudes.

Sunlight strikes the earth most directly

at the equator.

IN THE SUMMER AND WINTER

http://k12.ocs.ou.edu/teachers/reference/solstice.gif

SOLSTICEDuring the winter the Northern Hemisphere day lasts fewer

than 12 hours and the Southern Hemisphere day lasts

more than 12 hours.During the winter solstice, the North Pole has a 24-hour night and the South Pole has a 24-

hour day.Sunlight strikes the earth most

directly at the Tropic of Capricorn.

IN THE SUMMER AND WINTER

http://k12.ocs.ou.edu/teachers/reference/solstice.gif

SOLSTICEDuring the summer solstice the Northern Hemisphere day lasts

more than 12 hours and the Southern Hemisphere day lasts

fewer than 12 hours.During the summer, the North

Pole has a 24-hour day and the South Pole has a 24-hour night.

Sunlight strikes the earth most directly at the Tropic of Cancer.

As

As the Earth orbits the sun, the seasons change. This diagram shows the seasons as they are in the Southern Hemisphere

The tilt of the Earth's axis and its path around the sun help explain the seasons.

http://www.nmm.ac.uk/uploads/gif/seasons-full.gif

1. Mmrb

http://www.slideshare.net/mmrb/the-earth-basic-vocabulary?qid=46c8ee41-69a0-4a95-a12c-

810dba5f71c4&v=default&b=&from_search=2

2. dmallett

http://www.slideshare.net/dmallett/revision-28221002?qid=46c8ee41-69a0-4a95-a12c-

810dba5f71c4&v=default&b=&from_search=3

3. DavidSP1996

http://www.slideshare.net/DavidSP1996/daynight?qid=46c8ee41-69a0-4a95-a12c-

810dba5f71c4&v=default&b=&from_search=10

4. TurKana Israfilli

http://www.slideshare.net/crazy92/seasons-23505851?qid=46c8ee41-69a0-4a95-a12c-

810dba5f71c4&v=default&b=&from_search=5

5. Mrcoyleteach

http://www.slideshare.net/Mmoledi/savedfiles?s_title=time-zones-10659771&user_login=mrcoyleteach

6. Webhostingguy

http://www.slideshare.net/Mmoledi/savedfiles?s_title=seasons-3624288&user_login=webhostingguy