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Transcript of Grab your clicker Take out your writing utensil Put the remainder of your materials in/under your...
Grab your clicker
Take out your writing utensil
Put the remainder of your materials in/under your desk.
Bellringer February 7, 2012
February 7, 2012
Chapter 12, Section 1:China Reunites
Today, we will be learning about the Tang and Song
dynasties.
Objectives
Rebuilding China's EmpireA.D. 200 – Han
empire ends
*China has no central gov’t for 300 years
*Warlords (military leaders running the government) fought each other
Rebuilding China's Empire*Nomads conquered
parts of northern China
*Koreans gained independence from China and built their own civilization
Sui Dynasty*Wendi –
*General*declared emperor *reunited China (A.D.
581) *founded the Sui
dynasty
*Yangdi – Wendi’s son. Dreamed of expanding China’s territory.
Sui DynastyYangdi
Achievements*Rebuilt the great wall
*Building the Grand Canal (1,000 mile waterway linked northern, southern China)
*United China’s economy (an organized way in which people produce, sell, and buy things)
Sui DynastyYangdi
Hardships*Farmers forced to
work on building projects and pay high taxes
*Farmers revolted, army took over, killed Yangdi
*End to the Sui dynasty
Tang Dynasty*A.D. 618 – one of
Yangdi’s generals took over
Tang Dynasty formed*Last A.D. 618 – A.D.
907 Capital – Changan
Tang DynastyReforms
*Civil service exam restored, land given to farmers, and order in the country side under Taizong (most powerful emperor)
*Empress Wu – only woman to rule China alone.*Very forceful
*Added more gov’t officials*Strengthened military
forces
Tang DynastyAccomplishments
*Power regained in Asia
*Expansion*Tibet invaded*Controlled the Silk
Road *Korean Kingdoms
Forced to pay tribute*Took over Vietnam
ProblemsTang Problems
*Turks – took over Silk Road (damaged China’s economy)
*Revolts *Tibet *Farmers
*Disorder brings down dynasty (A.D. 907)Military leaders ruled
(50 yrs.)
Accomplishments*Chinese civilization
became the most advanced in the world*Enlarged gov’t
bureaucracy, reformed civil service examination system
Neo-Confucianism gained favor, emphasizing Confucian ethics, spiritual matters
*Not enough soldiers to control the empire*Tibet broke away*Nomads took over
N. China
Song DynastyProblems
*Capital moved to Hangzhou – on the coast near the Chang Jiang delta
*A.D. 960 – a general declares himself emperor
Dynasty rules from A.D. 960-1279
Buddhism in China*A.D. 150 – missionaries from
India brought Buddhism to China
*Tang Support Han dynasty was weakening *China develops into a civil
war *Need for peace and comfort
Tang rulers Not Buddhist, but allowed it
to be practiced. *Supported building of
temples
Buddhism in ChinaServices
*Ran schools *Room/food for travelers *Monks – bankers, doctors
Haters *Wrong to accept $$$$ *No marriage = no respect
for family
*A.D. 845 – officials feared growth of Buddhism monasteries & temples
destroyed Buddhism never recovered
Buddhism Spreads East*A.D. 300 –
Buddhists bring religion to Korea
*A.D. 600 – Korea is united into one country
*Buddhism grew even stronger
Buddhism Spreads EastLegend of how it spread
to Japan:
*Korea’s king wrote to Japan’s emperor claiming: “This religion is the most excellent of all teachings”
*The letter also contained Buddhist writings and a stature of the Buddha
New Confucian IdeasConfucius’ believed
that a good gov’t depended on wise leaders
*Civil service exams were a product of Confucian teachings
New Confucian Ideas*When the Han
dynasty fell it left no one to give the exams.
*Confucianism lost support
Neo-Confuciansim*This life is just as
important as the afterlife
*Supported by the Tang & Song dynasties
*Merit system – people accepted for their abilities, not their connections or wealth
Neo-Confuciansim*Many considered the
test unfair because only the wealthy could afford tutors, and only males could take the exams
*Only 1 in 5 passed.
*Scholar-officials made up a new wealthy social classNo physical workNot even taught to use
their hands
Homework