Gps 500 User Manual

50403020 GPS System 500

Version 4.0English

GPS Equipment User Manual

2 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0en

The instrument model and the serial number of yourproduct are indicated on the typeplate.Enter the model and serial number in your manual andalways refer to this information when you need to contactyour agency or authorized service workshop.

GPS Receiver (SR) Type: Serial No.:

Terminal (TR) Type: Serial No.:

External Antenna (AT) Type: Serial No.:

The symbols used in this User Manual have the followingmeanings:

DANGER:

Indicates an imminently hazardous situationwhich, if not avoided, will result in death orserious injury.

WARNING:

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation or anunintended use which, if not avoided, couldresult in death or serious injury.

CAUTION:

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation or anunintended use which, if not avoided, may resultin minor or moderate injury and/or appreciablematerial, financial and environmental damage.

Important paragraphs which must be adhered toin practice as they enable the product to be usedin a technically correct and efficient manner.

Symbols used in this manual

Congratulations on your purchase of a new LeicaSystem GPS500.

This manual contains important safetydirections (refer to chapter "Safetydirections") as well as instructions forsetting up the product and operating it.

Read carefully through the User Manual before youswitch on the instrument.

GPS System 500

Product identification

3GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0en

Introduction

System description

Getting started with the new Survey equipment

Getting started with the new MC equipment

Getting started with the new RS equipment

Getting started with the new GIS equipment

Care and Transport

Safety Directions

Technical Specifications

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4 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0enContents

Contents

Introduction ................................................... 6

System description ....................................... 7GPS Receiver ........................................................... 7Receiver Hardware ................................................... 8

Charge the Batteries ................................................... 8Set Up the Equipment ................................................. 9

Post-processing software ....................................... 10

Getting started with the new Surveyequipment .....................................................11

SKI-Pro (SKI-Pro-L1) post-processing software ......11Receiver Hardware ..................................................11

Measuring with the default configuration ................... 12Processing the data in the SKI-Pro software .......... 23

Getting started with the new MCequipment .................................................... 25

MC500 - Introduction .............................................. 25Configure by TR500 ............................................... 26Configure through OWI .......................................... 27

Getting started with the new RSequipment .................................................... 28

RS500 - Introduction ............................................... 28Receiver Hardware ................................................. 29

Setting up the RS equipment .................................... 29Basic operating procedures ...................................... 32

Getting Started with the new GISequipment .................................................... 34

Introduction ............................................................. 34Receiver Hardware ................................................. 35

GS50 / GS50+ Sensor .............................................. 35QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection .................. 36

Care and Transport ..................................... 43Transport ................................................................ 43Storage ................................................................... 43Cleaning and drying ................................................ 43


Safety Directions ......................................... 44Intended use of instrument ..................................... 44

Permitted uses .......................................................... 44Prohibited uses ......................................................... 44

Limits of use ........................................................... 45Responsibilities ...................................................... 45Hazards of use ....................................................... 46

Main hazards of use .................................................. 46Electromagnetic Compatability (EMC) ...................... 51FCC statement (applicable in U.S.) ........................... 54

Technical Specifications............................. 56Tracking Characteristics: SR520, SR530, MC500,RS500, GS50+ ....................................................... 56Tracking Characteristics: SR510 / GS50 ................ 57GPS Antennas ........................................................ 57Equipment weights ................................................. 58Power ..................................................................... 58Environmental Specifications.................................. 58Separation distances .............................................. 59Baseline precision .................................................. 59

Contents

Contents, continued


Introduction

Leica GPS System 500 comprises ofGPS receiver hardware and PCbased software for GPS Surveyingand related applications.

The main components are:

� GPS Receiver: Receive thesatellite signals.

� GPS Terminal: Keyboard andDisplay device to steer theReceiver

� Post-processing software: Usedto process GPS data.

All of the instructions youneed in order to operate yourGPS system to a basic levelare contained in this usermanual.

In the "Technical Reference Manual"and SKI-Pro Online Help (available inEnglish, French and other selectedlanguages only), there are moredetailed descriptions of specialsoftware/hardware settings andsoftware/hardware functions. Theseare intended for technical specialists.

The Technical Reference Manual isavailable as an electronic PDFdocument only. This document canbe found on the SKI-Pro installationCD. For more information refer to thefile \MANUALS\README.TXT on theSKI-Pro installation CD.

Introduction


System description

GPS Receiver

The GPS Receiver receives the GPSsignal from the NAVSTAR satellitesand calculates a range to all visiblesatellites.

There are various types of Receiversavailable:

SR510 - 12 L1 channels,code and phase

SR520 - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels,code and phase

SR530 - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels,code and phase, RTK capable

MC500 - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels,code and phase, RTK capable

RS500 - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels,code and phase

System description

The SR510 utilises the AT501Antenna. The SR520, SR530 andGS50+ typically utilise the AT502Antenna but may also use the AT503and AT504 Antennas. The MC500utilises the AT502 Antenna but mayalso use the AT503 and AT504Antennas for GPS Reference Stationuse. The RS500 utilises the AT503 orAT504 Antennas but may also use theAT502 Antenna. The GS50 may useeither the AT501, RTB or RTSAntennas.

See section 8 for technicalspecifications.

The SR520, SR530, MC500and RS500 Receivers use

the GPS P-code signal, which byU.S. policy is liable to be switched offwithout notice. Phase measurementson L2 are ensured however as theseReceivers automatically switch topatented tracking techniques.

GS50 - 12 L1 channels, carrier aidedcode and DGPS ability.

GS50+ - 12 L1, 12 L2 channels,code and phase, RTK capable


Receiver HardwareIn most cases, a short introduction inthe use of the Receiver and Terminalwill be provided by the local Leicarepresentative. If this is not the caseproceed as outlined in the followingsections.

Alternatively refer to the TechnicalReference PDF-manual available onthe SKI-Pro Installation CD.

System description

110

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ChargerGKL122

GEB70 orGEB71

Adapter plateGDI121

Charge the Batteries

Charge the batteries with the Leicabattery charger provided. GEB121,GEB70 or GEB71 batteries may beused to power the GPS equipment.

The GEB121 batteries may becharged using GKL111 or GKL122chargers.

WARNING:

The battery chargers areintended for indoor use only.

Use a battery charger in a dry roomonly, never outdoors. Charge batteriesonly at an ambient temperaturebetween 10°C and 30°C(50°F to 86°F).We recommend a temperature of 0°Cto +20°C (32°F to 68°F) for storing thebatteries.

Use only the Leica batteries,chargers and accessories,

or accessories recommended byLeica.

The GEB70 and GEB71 batteries maybe charged using GKL122 (withcharging cables), GKL23 or GKL22chargers.Refer to the appropriate manual whenusing the chargers.


To attain full battery capacityfor new GEB121 batteries, it

is essential to repeat between threeand five complete charge/dischargecycles.

System description

Set Up the Equipment

Successful GPS surveys requireundisturbed satellite signal reception.This means that GPS Receivers shouldbe set up in locations which are free ofobstructions. No obstacles like trees,buildings, mountains, etc. should blockthe line between the GPS antenna andGPS satellites. This holds true inparticular for the Receiver which servesas the reference.

For static and rapid static surveys,the antenna must be kept perfectlysteady throughout the whole occupa-tion of a point. This means that theAT501 or AT502 antenna will usuallybe put on a tripod.

Center and level the tripod preciselyabove the survey marker. Place andlock the carrier in the tribrach. Mountthe antenna onto the carrier.

Connect the antenna to the sensorusing the antenna cable.

Plug two camcorder batteries into thebackside of the sensor. Alternativelyor in addition you might want to powerthe sensor externaly. In this caseconnect a GEB71 battery to thePWR- port of the sensor.

Attach the TR500 terminal to thesensor, either directly or via a connec-tion cable by plugging it into theTERMINAL-port on the sensor.Insert a PC-card into the sensor.

Lock the lid carefully afterinsertion of the card in order

to prevent water and dust from gettinginside the sensor.

Use the hook on the backside of thesensor to hang it on one of the tripodlegs. Alternatively you may want toleave the sensor inside the shippingcase.

Your System 500 sensor is now fullyready for operation.

1 0 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0en

Post-processing software

The Post-processing software is usedto process the observations taken bythe Receiver in order to computebaselines and coordinates.

SKI-Pro Static Kinematic software isthe standard post-processing softwarefor dual-frequency receivers. SKI-Pro-L1 is for single frequency receivers.The user interface for SKI-Pro andSKI-Pro - L1 software packages areidentical.

System description

11GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0en Getting started with the new Survey equipment

Getting started with the new Survey equipment

Receiver Hardware

The software contains a comprehen-sive Online Help System. This HelpSystem is intended to replace thefunction of a printed manual. Ifrequired you may print out the entirehelp for use as a hard copy referencemanual.

As a first step in getting familiar withthe software read the booklet GettingStarted with SKI-Pro delivered withthe SKI-Pro software package.

SKI-Pro (SKI-Pro-L1) post-processing software

In most cases, the software will beinstalled by the local Leica repre-sentative and a short introductorycourse will be given.

Should this not be the case, installthe software as follows:

1. Insert the CD-ROM into the CDdrive of your PC.

2. Select Install SKI-Pro from themenu.

3. Follow the instructions given by theinstallation shield.

In most cases, a short introduction inthe use of the Receiver and Terminalwill be provided by the local Leicarepresentative. If this is not the caseproceed as outlined in the followingsection.

Alternatively refer to the TechnicalReference PDF-manual available onthe SKI-Pro Installation CD.

12 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0enGetting started with the new Survey equipment

Measuring with the default configuration

Step 2: Study the Icons

Most important at this stage is the toppart of the screen which containsseveral symbols (icons) whichindicate the current system status.

Accuracy No. visible GSMBatteryStatus Satellites StatusStatus

Position No. Satellites Memory Local Mode used on L1/ Status Time L2 Radio Observation AutoPosition Status RecordingRecording StatusStatus

Step 1: Power on

Turn on the sensor by pressing the ON-button on the terminal. One of thefollowing two screens will appear on the display:

ObservationRecording

Status

Auto PositionRecordingStatus

LocalTime

BatteryStatus

MemoryStatus

GSMStatus

RadioStatus

No. Satellitesused on L1/L2

No. visibleSatellites

PositionMode

AccuracyStatus


Measuring with the default configuration, continued

Both Number of visible satellites andNumber of satellites used icons willchange from time to time, reflectingchanges in the satellite geometry dueto either the rise of new satellites orthe setting of descending satellites.

Once a minimum of 4 satellites istracked the sensor can start comput-ing a position. As soon as a positionis available it will be indicated by anicon on the far left of the status line.Since for postprocessing surveys norealtime link will be used, the icon willalways indicate the availability of anautonomous position (navigatedposition) with an accuracy of about10 meters (with Selective Availabilityswitched off).

As soon as the Position Mode iconbecomes visible the sensor is in astage where practical operation cancommence.

If the Position Mode icon does notbecome visible even after one or twominutes then the sensor is still nottracking satellites. If the Number ofsatellites used is still zero, pleasecheck whether the antenna cable isconnected properly to both thesensor and the antenna.

If the Number of satellites useddiffers from the Number of visiblesatellites make sure you place theantenna in an open area withoutobstructions, since any obstacle willblock the view of satellites.

Upon power on you will first recog-nize the Number of visible Satel-lites icon, indicating the number ofsatellites which are theoreticallyvisible at the current location andtime. Usually this number variesbetween 4 and 9, depending on thesatellite geometry and elevationmask.

Next to this symbol you find theNumber of Satellites used on L1 /L2 icon, indicating the number ofsatellites currently tracked either onL1 or on L2.

Upon power on you will read L1: 0,L2: 0. It will take about 30 secondsfor these numbers to start changinguntil they reach the number of satel-lites visible.



You cannot proceed fromhere if no memory device isavailable. Insert a PC-card

otherwise no GPS survey can becarried out.

Step 3 (optional):Format your memory card

Before you start logging data youmay want to (re-)format your PC-cardor your internal memory.

This step is only necessary if acompletely new PC-card is used or ifall existing data needs to be deleted!

Press 4 on the terminal or use theCursor key to highlight the line 4Utilities, then press ENTER; alterna-tively press F1 CONT.(If only lines 1 to 3 are visible at thisstage press F4 SHOW first).

Then press 2 to get access to theFormat Memory Module panel, oralternatively use the cursor key tonavigate to 2 Format MemoryModule and press ENTER; againalternatively press F1 CONT.

The Battery Status icon at the rightside of the icon line shows fromwhich source the sensor is currentlypowered. A and B indicate theinternal batteries, E an externalbattery source. The symbol alsoindicates the voltage level of thecurrently used battery in 4 differentstages from "full" (fully black) to 2/3to 1/3 and "almost flat" (white colour).

The Memory Status icon indicateswhether memory for logging data isavailable or not. Options are either aPC-card or internal memory. If a PCcard is available and configured foruse then at this stage an arrowindicates the fact that it is safe toremove the PC-card from the sensor.The little bar on the right side indi-cates the available memory on eitherthe PC-card or the internal memory.



If you want to format the PC-card justpress F1 CONT to format the card. Ifyou want to format the internalmemory press ENTER. A list-boxopens which allows you to select theinternal memory.

Use the cursor key to highlightInternal, then press ENTER. Thenpress F1 CONT in order to start theformatting process of the internalmemory.

By activating the formatcommand all data will belost! Make sure that all

important data which resides on thePC-card is properly backed-up beforereformatting the card. If you want toreformat the internal memory makesure that all important data is firsttransferred to the PC.

If you realise that you do not want toformat the memory device, simplypress ESC instead of F1 CONT. Thiskey-stroke brings you always a stepback into the previous panel withoutexecution of any command.

Once the formatting of the card iscompleted the MAIN\ panel willappear.

You are now in the Utilities \ FormatMemory Module panel:



Some basic decisions have to bemade in this panel:Which configuration set should beactivated, which job the raw datashould be stored and which antennaset-up should be used.

A Configuration Set (Config Set) is acollection of sensor parametersneeded to perform a certain opera-tion, like data recording rates, point idtemplates, data formats, antennatypes, coding methods, etc.

Several default configuration setsexist which cover standard surveyscenarios. How to create new con-figuration sets is described in a laterchapter as well as in the TechnicalReference Manual.

For static survey you should selectthe PP_STAT configuration set. Youcan make this selection either byusing the cursor left key to togglebetween all available configurationsets until PP_STAT appears or youcan highlight the input field and pressENTER. Then a list box comes upshowing all available sets:

Step 4: Begin a Survey

Enter the Survey operation by eitherpressing 1 in the Main\ panel or byfirst navigating to 1 Survey viacursor keys and then pressingENTER or F1 CONT.

The following panel will appear:



Use the cursor up or cursor down keyto highlight the input field for jobs.Then press ENTER. The followinglistbox will appear:

Now press F2 NEW. The followingpanel appears:

Now use the cursor up or cursordown key on the terminal to highlightthe PP_STAT line. Then pressENTER or F1 CONT.

Jobs are used to organise andstructure the data you collect in thefield. Jobs can comprise an unlimitednumber of points together with allrelated information (raw measure-ments, codes, point annotation, etc.).

It is recommended that a new job iscreated whenever a new project isstarted.

Upon formatting the memory device(i.e. PC-card or internal memory) adefault job is automatically created.You can either use this job straightaway or you can create your own jobby doing the following:



By default the new job will be as-signed to the PC-card. If needed thiscan be changed to Internal bytoggling the Device input field toInternal.

Pressing F1 CONT confirms thecreation of a new job name and itslocation. Press ESC if you want toleave this field without creating a newjob. Pressing F6 QUIT has the sameeffect.

After pressing F1 CONT the list ofavailable jobs is updated and nowshows the job Test:

You can now enter a name for a newjob; press ENTER upon completingthe input of the name. Input fields fordescription and creator are optionaland can be left blank.

As an example we can create a newjob called Test:



Now all required settings for a staticsurvey are made. The Survey \ Beginpanel looks as follows:

Press F1 CONT to finish this start-upsequence.

Step 5: Logging raw data

We are now within the main Surveypanel. After the above configurationsetup, the main Survey panel willlook as follows:

Now press F1 CONT to confirm theselection of the newly created job.

Finally you have to select the an-tenna type and and antenna setupwhich you are using. Normally thiswill be AT502 on tripod (or AT501 ontripod in case of a SR510 sensor).

This selection is made in the usualway: first use the cursor down key toget this input field highlighted. Thenuse the cursor left or right key totoggle between all available typesuntil the right one appears. Alterna-tively you can press the ENTER keyto get a listbox from which the choicecan be made.



As soon as you are tracking a mini-mum of 4 satellites, the position iconis visible and the antenna is placedcorrectly above the survey marker,you should press F1 OCUPY.

This activates logging of raw dataand the screen changes accordingly:

The position mode icon has changedto static, indicated by a symbol of atripod.

A new icon is now displayed whichindicates that raw data is beinglogged.

Raw data (containing pseudorangeand phase measurements to eachtracked satellite) is logged atpredefined intervals (usually every 10to 15 seconds, depending on theObservation Recording Rate set inyour currently used configurationset):

Enter a Point Id by filling in the inputfield. If you make a typing errorcorrect the mistake by pressing theCE key (Clear Entry). Complete theinput by pressing ENTER.

It is time to check again the icons onthe top of the display: The PositionMode icon should be available, thePosition Mode icon still indicates"moving" , the Number of visiblesatellites icon should display anumber greater or at least 4, and thenumber of used satellites should beidentical to the number of visiblesatellites.



The Static observation counter(Static obs) will now go up every 10seconds (because this is the defaultlogging interval).

The displayed GDOP value indicatesthe current satellite geometry; thelower the value the better.

The antenna must not bemoved while data is logged,otherwise the quality of

post-processed coordinates will beimpaired !

The PC-card must not beremoved while in the Surveypanel. If the card is taken

out of the receiver all stored datamight get corrupted, preventing SKI-Pro from successfully reading thedata on the card.

The TR500 terminal may now bedisconnected. This will have no effecton the survey ! Datalogging willcontinue. When reconnecting theterminal the same panel will reap-pear.

Now use the height hook to deter-mine the height of the antenna abovethe survey marker. Insert the heighthook into the carrier and measure theheight between the white mark at thebottom of the height hook and thesurvey marker.

Enter this reading into the AntHeight field. Since the antenna youhave selected is "AT502 Tripod"(AT501 Tripod in case of a SR510sensor) the offset from the heighthook to the phase center of theantenna is automatically taken careof.

These are the only two inputs neededfor surveying a point.



The screen is altered as follows:

The STORE key has become active,and you still have the chance tocheck and correct the entered pointid and the antenna height.

Conclude the survey sequence byagain pressing F1 STORE.

After pressing the STORE key allrelated information will be stored inthe currently used job (point id,antenna heights, etc.)

Step 6: Ending a Survey

You can now quit the survey opera-tion panel by pressing SHIFT F6QUIT. This brings you back to themain menu.

Pressing SHIFT F6 willalways allow you to termi-nate the survey operation,

even during a site occupation. In thiscase you will lose all data collectedsince pressing OCUPY.

As soon as you are back to the mainmenu the PC-card may be removed.This is indicated by the PC-card iconin the status line which contains anarrow:

You can now switch off the receiver.Once power is off disconnect allcables and put all equipment backinto the shipping case.

Datalogging should continue depend-ing on your observation plan: areceiver used as reference has to runpermanently until all rover site occu-pations are completed. If a unit isoperated as a roving receiver the siteoccupation time depends mainly onthe baseline length and your accu-racy requirements. See GeneralGuide to Static and Rapid Static fordetails.

Once a sufficient amount of raw datahas been collected the survey of thepoint can be completed by pressingF1 STOP.


You might now move to another siteand repeat the procedure outlined inthis chapter. Once your fieldwork isfinished you can proceed by process-ing the collected data in SKI-Pro inorder to get accurate baseline re-sults.

During operation of theGPS System 500 the PC-Card memory card willbecome warm. This isnormal.

The data is then read by SKI-Proand copied to the project relateddatabase.

Repeat the import process foreach sensor which was involved inthe fieldwork of your project.

Processing the data in the SKI-Pro software

In most cases, a short introductorycourse to the software will have beengiven by the local Leica representa-tive.

To import and process the dataproceed as follows:

� Switch on the computer, startWindows, start SKI-Pro.

� Import the data

For each sensor you must importthe data into SKI-Pro

Select "Import GPS Raw Data"from the toolbar. Follow theinstructions that appear on thescreen.

You may wish to create a newproject before storing the data onthe PC.


Processing the data in the SKI-Pro software, continued

When the computation is finishedactivate the "Results" view of yourproject and examine theinformation which is madeavailable, including the logfile.

� Process the data

Select the Data-Processing view ofthe project you want to process.The data which was previouslyreported appears on the screen inboth a text and also graphicalformat.

You must tell the program whichstation is the Reference and whichpoints are Rover. Click on thegraphical observation bars usingthe right mouse button and selecteither Reference or Rover.

As soon as a Reference and aRover occupation is selected thebaseline between the two pointscan be computed. Click the"Compute" button on the tool barto start processing the baseline.



For example, the MC500 can beconfigured with the TR500 Terminal,all cables are compatible, data canbe stored and processed in Ski-Pro.

Due to its rugged design, the MC500is ideal for Machine Guidanceapplications.

The MC500 is a key component ofthe Leica Dozer 2000 MachineGuidance System from Leica.

MC500 - Introduction

The MC500 is a ruggedized System500 (SR530) which has been built forthe high vibration and shockenvironments.

Features that are unique to theMC500 include:

� Ruggedized housing� Standard Shock Isolators� Higher vibration and shock

specification than System 500Survey equipment.

� Ruggedized lemo cableconnectors

� External Power Source

As the MC500 is a fully compatibleSystem 500 GPS receiver, it iscapable of the full functionality of theSR530 dual frequency RTK receiver.

System Configuration

The MC500 receiver can beconfigured and operated in two ways.

� Via the TR500 Terminal.

� Via the Outside World Interface(OWI) protocol.

These configuration options aredescribed in the following sections.

Figure MG.01 MC500 GPS Receiver



Configure by TR500

The TR500 Terminal can be used toconfigure the MC500, check thestatus of the observations andsatellites in the same way as it isused to configure the System 500survey receivers.

When using the TR500 to configurethe MC500, the MC500 must beconfigured from an external powersource, and the TR500 connected tothe Terminal Port of the MC500 via astandard Leica data cable.

A block diagram of this configurationis shown in Figure MG.02.

Please refer to the System 500 partof the User Manual fro instructions touse the TR500 to configure theMC500 receiver.

Figure MG.02 MC500 GPS Receiver configured by TR500



Configure through OWI

The MC500 can be incorporated asan OEM product into a range ofpositioning systems by third parties.

For example the MC500 can beincorporated into Port Control Sys-tems, Hydrographic Survey systemsand general machine guidancesystems for Construction, Mining andAgriculture. Leica uses the MC500as a critical component of the Dozer2000 Machine Guidance product.

The MC500 can be configured usingan interface protocol developed byLeica called the Outside WorldInterface (OWI).

Documentation on the OWI formatcan be supplied on request.

Figure MG.03 shows a typical con-figuration set up to enable configura-tion of the MC500 via OWI.

Figure MG.03 MC500 GPS Receiver configured by OWI



RS500 - Introduction

The RS500 receiver has been de-signed specifically for use as areference station.

The RS500 uses the same housingand meets the same technical andenvironmental specifications as theSR5xx sensors. For details pleaserefer to the Technical Specificationssection of this manual.

Generally, the RS500 operates in thesame manner as the SR530, but isdesigned to operate for specificreference station applications usingremote control software, i.e. LeicaGeosystems ControlStation� soft-ware.

It supports internal logging of GPSraw data, but can also log data fromexternal devices approved by LeicaGeosystems. Both GPS raw data andexternal sensor data can be directlyoutput to an external remote controlsoftware package.

With a radio modem attached, thereceiver can be used to transmit datafor RTK operations using proprietaryas well as standard RTCM or CMRformats. The RS500 cannot receiveReference Station broadcasts andtherefore cannot be used as a Real-Time rover receiver.

Standard FeaturesThe RS500 includes the followingstandard features, which are notavailable as standard in the SR5xxsensor types:One PPS Output port.Two Event Input ports.Ring Buffer logging.Support for external sensors (Meteo/Tilt).

Data StorageThe RS500 supports all standardLeica Geosystems PCMCIA cardtypes. The internal memory optionmay be installed as well. This ena-bles data to be stored internally forpost-processing.

Outside World Interface (OWI)External control of the RS500 viaremote interface is achieved throughuse of the Outside World Interface(OWI) command language. TheASCII/NMEA type message formatfrom Leica as well as the compactLeica Binary 2 format can be used.Integration assistance and OWIdocumentation is available on requestfrom Leica Geosystems.




Powering the RS500The RS500 can be powered using theLeica standard internal Camcorderbatteries or Leica standard externalbatteries for temporary use. For amore permanent setup, a universal100V-240VAC 50-60Hz to 12VDCpower converter is available. Alterna-tive 12VDC power sources may beutilised by means of a userconfigurable 12VDC power cable within-line fuse.

Turning the RS500 On/OffThe RS500 can be powered on or offby the TR500 Terminal, the sensorintegrated ON/OFF button or by aremote control command (OWI).

Using the ON/OFF buttonwill reset the receiver. Allprogrammed outputs, datalogging parameters andinterface configurationoptions that have been setby OWI commands will belost.

Receiver Hardware

Power FailuresThe RS500 will automatically poweritself up and return to the previousoperating mode after any temporarypower failure without user (or remotecontrol) interaction.

Cabling Connections / OptionsCable connections are identical toother System 500 receivers.

The RS500 is specifically designed asa long term GPS Reference Station.The AT502, AT503 or AT504 antennashould be mounted on a stablestructure with a very clear view of thesky. SKI-Pro should be used toproduce a satellite visibility plot for thelocation using an up to date almanac.Any potential obstructions to satellitesignals should be measured byclinometer and compass and com-pared with the satellite visibility plotand proposed elevation mask toassess their potential impact to theusefulness of the location as a GPSReference Station.

Mounting the GPS antenna shouldtake into consideration environmentalconditions, structural or groundmovements, change in use of theproperty or surrounding propertiesand tree growth. These may impactthe future performance of the GPSReference Station.

Setting up the RS equipment



The antenna mounting point shouldhave a 5/8" thread and an unambigu-ous reference point both horizantallyand vertically to which the antennaphase centre can be referenced to.

The equipment should ideally be in asecure location with a reliable powersupply. An uninterruptable powersupply with sufficient backup capacityfor the local power conditions isrecommended. The equipmentshould be protected against lightningor static electrical discharge asdiscussed further within the SafetyDirections of this manual.

Connect the antenna to the sensorusing the supplied antenna cable.Kinks, cut and crushed areas of theantenna cable may degrade signalquality and strength. It is recom-mended that the antenna cable beprotected from long term damage.

Connect a 12VDC power supply tothe PWR port of the RS500, or insertthe internal camcorder batteries forshort term operation.

For general configurations, systemdata transfers from/to the PC cardand viewing status information attachthe TR500 terminal to the sensor,either directly or via a connectioncable by plugging it into the TERMI-NAL port on the sensor.

For configuration and operation likedata logging and real time datatransmission connect the sensor to aPC using the data cable (Art. No. 560254). The PC should be running anappropriate application program suchas Leica GeosystemsControlStation�.

Insert a PC-card into the sensor, if nointernal memory option is installed.

Lock the lid carefully afterinsertion of the card in orderto prevent water and dustfrom getting inside thesensor.

Use the hook on the backside of thesensor to hang it on one of the tripodlegs or leave the sensor inside theshipping case. The mounting bracket(Art. No. 722 105) may be used toattach the RS500 receiver firmly to abench, table or wall.

Your RS500 sensor is now fully readyfor operation.

See Fig. RS.01 for a basic connectionscheme.

Setting up the RS equipment, continued



Figure RS.01 Basic connection scheme



Basic operating procedures

The RS500 can be operated eitherwith the TR500 Terminal or by remotecontrol. However, the TR500 cannotbe used for running a survey, stake-out or any of the other applicationsavailable for System 500.Used with an RS500, the Terminalprovides the general functionality toset certain operation parameters, portconfigurations and all transfer capa-bilities, including the upload of newfirmware. Via the STATUS hard keyall status information is available.For the majority of applications, theRS500 has to be operated usingLeica Geosystems ControlStation�or other appropriate reference systemcontrol software.

Using the RS500 with the TR500

Step 1: Power onTurn on the sensor by pressing theON-button on the terminal. Thefollowing screen will appear on thedisplay:

The RS500 has the same main menupanel as the SR5xx sensors exceptthat the first 3 menu options areremoved. It is also not possible toperform the real time configuration forthe RS500. This needs to be doneusing remote control software. Alldata management, job control andsensor status operations required byan RS500 user are possible using themenu options shown above.

The RS500 CONFIG and STATUSmenus do only show those optionsthat are relevant to the operation ofan RS500.

Full details on the RS500 uniqueoperational procedures are given inthe Technical Reference Manual(PDF Document), which is containedon the SKI-Pro or ControlStation�release CD.

Step 2: Study the Icons

For a detailed description refer toStep 2 of the chapter Getting startedwith the new Survey equipment -Measuring with the default configura-tion on pp. 11-13.



Step 3 (optional):Format your memory card

For a detailed description refer toStep 3 of the chapter Getting startedwith the new Survey equipment -Measuring with the default configura-tion on pp. 13-14.

Basic operating procedures, continued

Step 4:Connecting the sensor to the PC

For normal operations the sensor willbe connected to a PC using theRS232 data download cable(560254).

Connect the cable to the sensorremote control port (by default theTerminal port) and the available Comport of the PC.

Configuration of the remote port onthe sensor is described in the Techni-cal Reference Manual.

Operation of the RS500 from a PCrequires one of the Leica referencestation software programs which aresupplied with operating instructions.

Step 5(optional):Connecting the sensor to a Radio

The RS500 has the ability to transmitreal-time GPS data out of Port 1 andPort 3 of the GPS sensor via theradio interface cable (721961) to aLeica supplied radio unit.

Radio installation and connectioninstructions are provided with Leicasupplied radio units.

Unauthorised radio unitsshould not be connected tothe RS500 sensor unit.



Leica GISLeica GISLeica GISLeica GISLeica GISSolutionSolutionSolutionSolutionSolution

HardwHardwHardwHardwHardwareareareareareGS50 / GS50+

TR500Antenna

SoftwareSoftwareSoftwareSoftwareSoftwareGIS DataPRO

GIS DataPRO Post-processingsoftware

GIS DataPRO is used for datacollection preparation and data postprocessing. Please refer to the�Getting Started with the GISDataPRO Office Software� UserManual for more details.

Introduction

�Getting Started with New GIS Equip-ment� is designed to help get thebeginning user up and running withtheir new Leica GS50 and GS50+.For more information about setup,features and operations of the GS50,please refer to the �Getting Startedwith the GS50 / GS50+ Sensor�manual.

The Leica GIS DataPRO system iscomposed of both hardware andsoftware components.The hardware consists of the GS50sensor, TR500 terminal and antenna.This is used in the field to collect andrecord spatial (position) and non-spatial attributes.

Getting Started with the new GIS equipment

The GIS DataPRO office software iscomprised of a GPS post-processingsystem and data editing functionalitywhich works in the native ESRIshapefile format.

To install the GIS DataPRO software:1.Insert the CD-ROM into the CDdrive of your PC.2.Execute the �Setup� command.3.Follow the instructions that appearon the screen.Both a hardware and software usermanual can be found on the CD inPDF format. The software itselfcontains a comprehensive onlineHelp System.

After the data is collected in the field,the GIS DataPRO office softwareallows you to import, edit and exportthe data to your GIS. The softwarecan also be used to design codelistswhich allow you to customize the fielddata collection process to suit yourneeds. To learn more about the GISDataPRO office software, pleaseconsult the �Getting Started with theGIS DataPRO Office Software UserManual�.



GS50 / GS50+ Sensor

The GS50 / GS50+ sensor consistsof both a handheld terminal (TR500),and the GPS receiver itself. The GPSreceiver receives the GPS signal fromthe NAVSTAR satellites and calcu-lates a range to the satellites that arevisible.

Receiver Hardware

The GS50 is a 12-channel L1 codeand phase GPS receiver. The stand-ard GS50 does not record phasemeasurements for post processingpurposes. Phase measurements areused internally to smoothpseudorange measurements forhigher code positioning. Phasemeasurement recording for postprocessing is available as an option.

There are three antennas availablewith the GS50:

� AT501 � tracks L1 only (GS50).

� RTB Combined Antenna - tracksL1 and RTCM differential signalfrom public and private beaconinfastructure.

� RTS Combined Antenna - tracksL1 and differential signals fromRacal DGPS Satellite systems.

The GS50+ is a 12-channel L1, 12-channel L2 code and phase GPSreceiver. The standard GS50+records code and phase measure-ments for post processing and / oruses DGPS for real-time code-onlypositioning. RTK is available as anoption.

There are three antennas availablewith the GS50+:

� AT502 � tracks L1 and L2. Mainlyused for Rovers and References.

� AT503 � Choke Ring Antennatracking L1 and L2. Mainly used forReference stations.

� AT504 � JPL Design Choke RingAntenna tracking L1 and L2. Mainlyused for Reference stations.



QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection

The QuickStart Tutorial will guide youthrough a typical data collectionsession.

Each step will indicate which panelyou should be viewing by displayingthe menu title in brackets (i.e. MAIN\for the main menu panel).

Step 1: Beginning GIS Data Collec-tion (MAIN\)

Turn on the sensor by pressing theON-button on the terminal. Thefollowing panel will appear:

This is the main data collection panel.Pressing ESC will take you to themain menu:

From the main menu, entering �1� onthe keypad, or highlighting GIS DataCollection using the cursor keys andthen pressing ENTER or F1 CONTwill bring you back to the main datacollection panel.

Upon power on you will see the�Number of visible Satellites� icon,indicating the number of satelliteswhich are theoretically visible at thecurrent location and time.

Usually this number varies between 4and 9, depending on the satellitegeometry.

This number is based on the GPSalmanac saved in the sensor and thelast computed position. This numberdoes not indicate the number ofsatellites the receiver is tracking.

Next to this symbol you�ll find the�Number of Satellites used on L1�icon, indicating the number of satel-lites currently tracked on L1.

On initial start-up, this number willread 0 since it takes about 30 sec-onds to start tracking satellites.

Both �Number of visible satellites� and�Number of satellites used� icons willchange from time to time, reflectingchanges in the satellite geometry dueto either the rise of new satellites orthe setting of descending satellites.



Position Fix Indication

The sensor will compute a 2D-position once 3 satellites are tracked.A 3-D position will be computed.

If the accuracy icon does not becomevisible even after one or two minutesthen the sensor is still not trackingsatellites. One reason for this is thereceiver receiving signals at a loca-tion more than 500km from thestartup position. If this is the case,then the receiver will download a newalmanac. This will take about 15minutes. Another reason for thereceiver not tracking is a faultyantenna cable connection. Pleasecheck whether the antenna cable isconnected properly to both the sensorand antenna.

If you�re in an open area with noobstructions, the �number of satellitesused� should correspond to the�number of visible satellites�. How-ever, in obstructed areas, such asurban canyons or forested areas, it isunlikely that the receiver will be ableto track all the satellites in the sky.This is not a problem, but will degradethe accuracy of measurementsslightly. Consequently, please keepmonitoring the accuracy icon.

Once the Accuracy Status iconappears, data collection can begin.

Step 2: Choosing your Configura-tion Settings(DATA COLL \ Begin)

Configuration Set (Config Set) is acollection of sensor parametersneeded to perform various methodsof data collection. These include datarecording rates, data formats, an-tenna types, coding methods, etc.

Several default configuration setsexist which cover standard datacollection scenarios. For informationon how to create configuration sets,please refer to the hardware refer-ence manual on the GIS DataPROsoftware CD.

If no real time differential correctionsare used (i.e. you do not have theRTCM differential beacon moduleattached to the sensor), you shouldselect the GIS_PP (PP = PostProcessing) configuration set.

QuickStart Tutorial - GIS Data Collection, continued



You can make this selection either byusing the �cursor left� key to togglebetween all available configurationsets until PP_GIS appears or you canhighlight the input field and pressENTER. Then a list box comes upshowing all available sets:

Now use the cursor up or cursordown key on the terminal to highlightthe PP_GIS line. Then press ENTERor F1 CONT.

You can now enter a name for a newjob; press ENTER upon completingthe input of the name. Input fields fordescription and creator are optionaland can be left blank.

As an example we can create a newjob called �Test�:

Step 3: Choosing your codelist(DATA COLL \ Begin)

A codelist is simply a list of codes orfeatures. Codes are the buildingblocks of the codelist and may bethought of as features.

Codelists are selected as follows: firstuse the cursor down key to get thisinput field highlighted. Then use thecursor left key to toggle among theseveral options until the correct oneappears. Alternatively you can pressthe ENTER key to get a listbox fromwhich the choice can be made, or anew codelist can be created.

Please note that you must select acodelist in order to collect data.




Creating a new codelist

From the codelist menu box, press F2NEW to create a new codelist name.

The following panel appears.

As an example, we will create acodelist called �Electric�. Enter theword Electric in the Name input fieldand press ENTER. Press F1 CONTto return to the codelist menu box.The Electric codelist now appears inthe menu box. Make sure the Electriccodelist is highlighted, and pressENTER.

Step 4: Choosing your antennatype(DATA COLL \ Begin)

Finally you have to select the antennasetup which you are using. For L1post processing, this will normally bethe AT501. For real time differential, itwill normally be the RT combinedantenna and for L1 + L2 postprocessing it will be the AT502antenna. In this example, the selec-tion indicates the RT combined.

This selection is made in the usualway: first use the cursor down key toget this input field highlighted. Thenuse the cursor left key to toggleamong the several options until thecorrect one appears. Alternatively youcan press the ENTER key to get alistbox from which the choice can bemade.Now all required settings for a typicaldata collection session are made.The Data Coll \ Begin panel looks thefollowing:




Step 5: Selecting or creating codesfor data collection (FEATURING\)

You are now in the FEATURING\panel. This panel allows you to selector create codes for data collection.Codelists can also be created usingthe Codelist Manager module withinthe GIS DataPRO software.

If in the previous step you selected anexisting codelist, a number of codesappears in the codelist box. If youcreated a new codelist in the previousstep, this listbox is empty.

Pressing F1 CONT finishes this start-up sequence.

Creating codes

If your codelist contains no codes,your codelist menu box looks like this:

To create a new code, press F2 C-LST. Use the right or left cursor key toselect a code list. Press F3 CODESand then F2 NEW.

Use the right or left cursor key tochoose the code type (point, line, orpolygon). Enter the name of the code,and a note about the code (optional),in the appropriate input fields.

As an example, we will create a pointcode names Pole. We will input thefollowing note in the note field, �Offsetto road�. The note field can be usedto describe the manner in which datais collected for a particular code. Inthis example, we are measuring thepole location from the road. Press F1CONT to continue.




Step 6: Logging point data (ATTRI-BUTION\)

In this step, you will collect the spatialattribute (position information) foryour Pole (point) code.

It is time to check again the icons onthe top of the display. The positionicon should be available, the positionmode icon still indicates �moving�, the�number of satellites visible� iconshould display a number greater or atleast 4, and the number of usedsatellites will generally be the sameas the number of visible satellites, ifyou are in a relatively open area.

Pressing F4 OFFS will allow you toenter an offset to the desired pointcode. You can enter this offset in oneof four ways:

� Bearing and Distance� Double Bearing� Double Distance� Backward Bearing & Distance

The GS50 / GS50+ interfaces to anumber of laser range finders that willallow you to accurately measureoffset distances and angles. Thefollowing laser range finders aresupported:

� Leica Disto memo (distance only)

� Leica Disto pro (distance only)

� Leica DistoTM pro4 (distance only)

� Leica DistoTM pro4 a (distance only)

� Laser Ace 300

� Criterion 400

� Criterion Compatible

� Leica Vector

� Leica Laser Locator

� Leica Laser Locator Plus

You can configure your GS50 /GS50+ to interface with your laserrange finder from theCONFIGURE\OFFSET panel. Pleasesee the technical reference manualfor more information.

As soon as you are tracking a mini-mum of 4 satellites, the accuracy iconis visible (indicating good positionquality), and the antenna is positionedclose to the feature, you should pressF1 OCUPY.

This activates logging of raw data andthe panel changes accordingly.




Notice that the position mode iconhas changed to static mode, indicatedby a symbol of a tripod.

During data logging, attribute informa-tion can be entered into the appropri-ate input fields. In this example,�Utility� has been entered for Attrib 1.

Once a sufficient amount of raw datahas been collected, you can stop datacollection by pressing F1 STOP.

Data collection times willdepend on the situation. Ifthe unit is being used as a

reference for post processing, thendata must be continually logged untilall roving receivers have stoppedcollecting data. If the unit is operatedas a roving receiver the site occupa-tion time depends mainly on thebaseline length and your accuracyrequirements.

The information shown hereon is onlyintended to get you up and runningwith your new GIS equipment. Pleaserefer to the �Getting Started with theGS50 Sensor� and �Getting Startedwith GIS DataPRO� manuals for moredetailed information of your new GISsystem.




Care and Transport

Transport

When dispatching theinstrument, always use the

complete original Leica packaging(case and cardboard box).

Never carry the instrument loose in aroad vehicle. It can be affected byshock and vibration. Always carry it inits case and secure it.

When transporting the instrument byrail, air or ship, always use thecomplete original packaging (caseand cardboard box), or its equivalent,to protect it against shock andvibration.

Storage

Temperature limits(-40°C to +70°C / -40°F to

+158°F) Respect the temperaturelimits when storing the instrument,particularly in summer if theinstrument is inside a vehicle.

Damp instruments mustbe unpacked. Dry the

instrument, the case, the foaminserts and the accessories at notmore than 40°C / 108°F and cleanthem. Do not repack until everythingis completely dry.

Cleaning and drying

Use only a clean, soft, lint-free cloth for cleaning.

If necessary, moisten the cloth withpure alcohol.

Use no other liquids; these mayattack the polymer components.

Cables and plugsKeep plugs clean and dry.

Blow away any dirt lodged in theplugs of the connecting cables.Unplugging connecting cables orremoving the PCMCIA card duringthe measurement may cause loss ofdata. Always switch off theinstrument before removing thecables or the PCMCIA card.

Care and Transport


Safety Directions

The following directions shouldenable the person responsible for theLeica Geosystems GPS, and theperson who actually uses theinstrument, to anticipate and avoidoperational hazards.The person responsible for theinstrument must ensure that all usersunderstand these directions andadhere to them.

Intended use of instrument

Permitted uses

The Leica Geosystems GPS isintended for the followingapplications:

- Measuring and computingcoordinates using P-code and/orC/A-code signals from NAVSTARGPS satellites

- Carrying out measurement tasksusing various GPS measuringtechniques

- Recording GPS and point relateddata

- Computation and evaluation bymeans of software.

Prohibited uses

� Use of the product withoutinstruction

� Use outside of the intended limits

� Disabling safety systems andremoval of hazard notices

� Opening the instrument using tools(screwdriver, etc.), unless this isspecifically permitted for certainfunctions

� Modification or conversion of theinstrument

� Use after misappropriation

� Use with accessories from othermanufacturers without the priorexpress approval of LeicaGeosystems

� Inadequate safeguards at themeasuring station (e.g. whenmeasuring on roads)

Safety Directions


Limits of use

See chapter "Technicalspecifications".

Environment:Suitable for use in an atmosphereappropriate for permanent humanhabitation: not suitable for use inaggressive or explosiveenvironments.

GPS Receiver (SR) and Terminal(TR):Use in rain is permissible for limitedperiods.

External Antenna:Use in rain is permissible. After longterm use in this environment theExternal Antenna must be checkedby a Leica Geosystems servicetechnician.

Responsibilities

Area of responsibility of the manu-facturer of the original equipmentLEICA Geosystems AG, CH-9435Heerbrugg, Switzerland(hereinafter referred to as LeicaGeosystems):Leica Geosystems is responsible forsupplying the product, including theuser manual and originalaccessories, in a completely safecondition.

Responsibilities of themanufacturers of non-LeicaGeosystems accessories:

The manufacturers ofnon-Leica Geosystems

accessories for Leica GeosystemsGPS are responsible for developing,implementing and communicatingsafety concepts for their products,and are also responsible for theeffectiveness of those safetyconcepts in combination with theLeica Geosystems product.

Prohibited uses, continued

WARNING:

Adverse use can lead toinjury, malfunction anddamage. It is the task of theperson responsible for theinstrument to inform the userabout hazards and how tocounteract them. The LeicaGeosystems GPS is not to beoperated until the user hasbeen instructed how to workwith it.

Safety Directions


Responsibilities, continued Hazards of use

Main hazards of use

WARNING:

The absence of instruction, orthe inadequate imparting ofinstruction, can lead toincorrect or adverse use, andcan give rise to accidents withfar-reaching human, material,financial and environmentalconsequences.

Precautions:All users must follow the safetydirections given by the manufacturerand the directions of the personresponsible for the instrument.

WARNING:

The charger must not beused under damp orinclement conditions. Ifmoisture penetrates thesedevices, the user may receivean electric shock.

Precautions:Use the charger only indoors, in dryrooms. Protect them from damp. Ifthe devices are damp, do not usethem.

Responsibilities of the person incharge of the instrument:

WARNING:

The person responsible forthe instrument must ensurethat it is used in accordancewith the instructions. Thisperson is also accountablefor the training and thedeployment of personnel whouse the instrument and forthe safety of the equipment inuse.

The person in charge of theinstrument has the following duties:

- To understand the safetyinstructions on the product and theinstructions in the user manual;

- To be familiar with local regulationsrelating to accident prevention;

- To inform Leica Geosystemsimmediately if the equipmentbecomes unsafe.

Safety Directions


Main hazards of use, continued

CAUTION:

Watch out for erroneousmeasurements if the productis defective or if it has beendropped or has been misusedor modified.

Precautions:Periodically carry out testmeasurements and perform the fieldadjustments indicated in the usermanual, particularly after theinstrument has been subjected toabnormal use and before and afterimportant measurements.

WARNING:If computers intended for useindoors are used in the fieldthere is a danger of electricshock.

Precautions:

Adhere to the instructions given bythe computer manufacturer withregard to field use in conjunction withLeica Geosystems instruments.

CAUTION:

If the accessories used withthe equipment are notproperly secured and theequipment is subjected tomechanical shock (e.g.blows, falling), the equipmentmay be damaged or peoplemay sustain injury.

Precautions:When setting-up the instrument,make sure that the accessories (e.g.tripod, tribrach, connecting cables)are correctly adapted, fitted, secured,and locked in position. Avoidsubjecting the equipment tomechanical shock.

CAUTION:

The receiver uses the GPSP-Code signal, which by U.S.policy, may be switched offwithout notice.

WARNING:

If you open the charger, eitherof the following actions maycause you to receive anelectric shock:

- Touching live components;- Using the devices after incorrect

attempts to carry out repairs.

Precautions:Do not open the charger yourself.Only a Leica Geosystems approvedservice technician is entitled to repairit.

Safety Directions



Precautions:Keep at a safe distance fromelectrical installations. If it is essentialto work in this environment, firstcontact the safety authoritiesresponsible for the electricalinstallations and follow theirinstructions.

CAUTION:

During the transport ordisposal of charged batteriesit is possible for inappropriatemechanical influences toconstitute a fire hazard.

Precautions:Before dispatching the equipment ordisposing of it, discharge thebatteries by running the instrumentuntil they are flat.

WARNING:

If an External Antenna is notproperly fitted to the roof rackof a vehicle it can be torn offby mechanical shock,vibration or wind, possiblycausing accident and injury.

Precautions:Use nothing other than the ExternalAntenna on the roof rack of a vehicle.Secure the External Antennacorrectly to the roof rack by means ofthe adapter. Leica Geosystems offersthe adapter as an accessory.Secure the safety cord to theExternal Antenna and connect thecord to the adapter in accordancewith the instruction plate on theadapter. Ensure that the roof rack iscorrectly mounted and able to safelycarry the weight of the ExternalAntenna (>1kg).

WARNING:

Inadequate securing of thesurvey site can lead todangerous situations, forexample in traffic, on buildingsites and at industrialinstallations.

Precautions:Always ensure that the survey site isadequately secured. Adhere to theregulations governing accidentprevention and road traffic.

DANGER:

Because of the risk ofelectrocution, it is verydangerous to use poles andextensions in the vicinity ofelectrical installations such aspower cables or electricalrailways.

Safety Directions


Precautions:- Do not use a Leica Geosystems

GPS in a thunderstorm as you mayincrease the risk of being struck bylightning.

- Be sure to remain at a safedistance from electricalinstallations. Do not use the LeicaGeosystems GPS directly under orin close proximity to power lines. Ifit is essential to work in such anenvironment contact the localstatutory regulatory bodiesresponsible for electricalinstallations and follow theirinstructions.


Precautions:Dispose of the equipmentappropriately in accordance with theregulations in force in your country.Always prevent access to theequipment by unauthorisedpersonnel.

DANGER:

If the Leica Geosystems GPSis used in exposed locations(e.g. on masts, mountains orbuildings), it is at risk fromlightning. Danger from highvoltages also exists nearpower lines. Lightning,voltage peaks, or thetouching of power lines cancause damage, injury anddeath.

WARNING:

If the equipment is improperlydisposed of, the following canhappen:

- If polymer parts are burnt,poisonous gases are producedwhich may impair health.

- If batteries are damaged or areheated strongly, they can explodeand cause poisoning, burning,corrosion or environmentalcontamination.

- By disposing of the equipmentirresponsibly you may enableunauthorised persons to use it incontravention of the regulations,exposing themselves and thirdparties to the risk of severe injuryand rendering the environmentliable to contamination.

Safety Directions



- Additional protection againstlightning:If there is a risk of a thunderstorm,or if the equipment is to remainunused and unattended for a longperiod, protect your LeicaGeosystems GPS additionally byunplugging all systemscomponents and disconnecting allconnecting cables and supplycables (e.g. Receiver - Antenna).

Suggestion for design of aLightning Conductor for a GPSSystem

1. On non-metallic structuresProtection by Air Terminals isrecommended. An Air Terminal is apointed solid or tubular rod ofconducting material with propermounting and connection to aconductor. The position of 4 AirTerminals should be uniformlydistributed around the Antenna at adistance equal to the height of the AirTerminal.

The Air Terminal diameter should be12mm for copper or 15mm foraluminium. The height of the AirTerminals should be 25 to 50cm. AllAir Terminals should be connected tothe down conductors. The diameterof the Air Terminal should be kept toa minimum to reduce GPS signalshading.

2. On metallic structuresProtection is as described for non-metallic structures, but the Air Termi-nals can be connected directly to theconducting structure without the needfor down conductors.

- If a Leica Geosystems GPS has tobe permanently mounted in anexposed location, it is advisable toprovide a lightning conductorsystem. A suggestion on how todesign a lightning conductor for aLeica Geosystems GPS is givenbelow. Always follow theregulations in force in your countrywith regard to grounding Antennasand masts. These installationsmust be carried out by anauthorised specialist.

- To prevent damages due toindirect lightning strikes (voltagespikes) cables (antenna, powersource, modem, ...) should beprotected with appropriateprotection elements (lightningarrestor). These installations mustbe carried out by an authorized,local specialist.

Safety Directions


Air Terminal arrangement(plan view)

1 GPS Antenna2 Support-Structure3 Air Terminal

Grounding the Receiver/Antenna

1 Lightning Conductor Array2 GPS Antenna3 Antenna/Receiver Connection4 Metallic Mast5 Connection to Earth


3

12

3

4

5

Electromagnetic Compatability (EMC)

The term "electromagneticcompatability" is taken to mean thecapability of the Leica GeosystemsGPS to function smoothly in anenvironment where electromagneticradiation and electrostatic dischargesare present, and without causingelectromagnetic disturbances toother equipment.

WARNING:

Electromagnetic radiation cancause disturbances in otherequipment.

Although the Leica Geosystems GPSmeets the strict regulations andstandards which are in force in thisrespect, Leica Geosystems cannotcompletely exclude the possibilitythat other equipment may bedisturbed.

1

2

Safety Directions


CAUTION:

Disturbances caused byelectromagnetic radiation canresult in the tolerance limitsfor measurements beingexceeded.

Although the Leica Geosystems GPSmeets the strict regulations andstandards which are in force in thisconnection, Leica Geosystemscannot completely exclude thepossibility that the Leica GeosystemsGPS may be disturbed by veryintense electromagnetic radiation,e.g. near radio transmitters, walkie-talkies, diesel generators.Check the plausibility of resultsobtained under these conditions.

WARNING:

If the Leica Geosystems GPSis operated with connectingcables attached at only one oftheir two ends (e.g. externalsupply cables, interfacecables), the permitted level ofelectromagnetic radiationmay be exceeded and thecorrect functioning of otherinstruments may be impaired.

Precautions:While the Leica Geosystems GPS isin use, connecting cables (e.g.instrument to external battery,instrument to computer) must beconnected at both ends.

CAUTION:

There is a risk thatdisturbances may be causedin other equipment if the Lei-ca Geosystems GPS is usedin conjunction withaccessories from othermanufacturers, e.g. fieldcomputers, personalcomputers, walkie-talkies,non-standard cables, externalbatteries.

Precautions:Use only the equipment andaccessories recommended by LeicaGeosystems. When combined withthe Leica Geosystems GPS, theymeet the strict requirementsstipulated by the guidelines andstandards. When using computersand walkie-talkies, pay attention tothe information aboutelectromagnetic compatabilityprovided by the manufacturer.

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), continued

Safety Directions


Use of GPS System 500 withexternal Radio devices or GSMphones:

WARNING:Electromagnetic radiationcan cause disturbances in

other equipment, in installations (e.g.medical ones such as pacemakers orhearing aids) and in aircraft. It canalso affect humans and animals.

Precautions:Although the Leica Geosystems GPSmeets in combination with externalRadio devices or GSM phones thestrict regulations and standardswhich are in force in this respect,Leica cannot completely exclude thepossibility that other equipment maybe disturbed or that humans oranimals may be affected.

- Do not operate the LeicaGeosystems GPS with externalRadio devices or GSM phones inthe vicinity of filling stations orchemical installations, or in otherareas where an explosion hazardexists.

- Do not operate the LeicaGeosystems GPS with externalRadio devices or GSM phonesnear to medical equipment.

- Do not operate the LeicaGeosystems GPS with externalRadio devices or GSM phones inaircraft.

- Do not operate the LeicaGeosystems GPS with externalRadio devices or GSM phones forlong periods with it immediatelynext to your body.

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), continued

Safety Directions


WARNING:

This equipment has beentested and found to complywith the limits for a Class Bdigital device, pursuant topart 15 of the FCC Rules.

These limits are designed to providereasonable protection againstharmful interference in a residentialinstallation.

This equipment generates, uses andcan radiate frequency energy and, ifnot installed and used in accordancewith the instructions, may causeharmful interference to radiocommunications.

However, there is no guarantee thatinterference will not occur in aparticular installation.

If this equipment does cause harmfulinterference to radio or televisionreception, which can be determinedby turning the equipment off and on,the user is encouraged to try tocorrect the interference by one ormore of the following measures:

- Reorient or relocate the receivingantenna.

- Increase the separation betweenthe equipment and receiver.

- Connect the equipment into anoutlet on a circuit different fromthat to which the receiver isconnected.

- Consult the dealer or anexperienced radio/TV technicianfor help.

WARNING:

Changes or modifications notexpressly approved by LeicaGeosystems for compliancecould void the user's authorityto operate the equipment.

Product labeling: SR510, SR520,SR530, RS500, GS50 and GS50+

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and(2) this device must accept any interference received,including interference that may cause undesiredoperation.

FCC statement (applicable in U.S.)

Safety Directions


FCC statement (applicable in U.S.), continued

Product labeling: MC500

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and(2) this device must accept any interference received,including interference that may cause undesiredoperation.

Safety Directions


Technical Specifications Tracking Characteristics: SR520, SR530, MC500, RS500, GS50+

Satellite Reception:Dual frequency

Receiver channels:12 L1 continuous tracking12 L2 continuous tracking

L1 channels:Carrier phase, P1 code, C/A code

L2 channels:Carrier phase, P2 code

Carrier TrackingL1, AS on or off:Reconstructed carrier phase via C/Acode

L2, AS off:Reconstructed carrier phase via P2code

L2, AS on:Switches automatically to patented Pcode-aided technique providing fullL2 reconstructed carrier phase

Code MeasurementsL1, AS off:Carrier phase smoothed codemeasurements:C/A code narrow correlation, P1 code

L1, AS on:Carrier phase smoothed codemeasurements:C/A code narrow correlation,patented P1 code-aided code

L2, AS off:Carrier phase smoothed codemeasurements:P2 code

L1, AS on:Carrier phase smoothed codemeasurements:Patented P2 code-aided code

The Technical Specifications forLeica GPS equipment are containedon the following pages.



Note:

Carrier phase and codemeasurements on L1 and L2are fully independent with ASon or off.

Satellites Tracked:Up to 12 simultaneously on L1 andL2.

Time to first phase measurementtypically 30 seconds.

Tracking Characteristics: SR510 / GS50 GPS Antennas

Satellite Reception:Single frequency

Receiver channels:12 L1 continuous tracking

L1 channels:Carrier phase, C/A narrow code

L1 Carrier Tracking:Reconstructed carrier phase via C/Acode

L1 Code Measurements:Carrier phase smoothed C/A codemeasurements

Satellites Tracked:Up to 12 simultaneously

Time to first phase measurementtypically 30 seconds.

AT504Dorne & Margolin L1/L2 antennaelement with gold anodized chokering groundplane. Complies with IGStype 'T' antenna. Optional protectiveradome.

AT503Microstrip L1/L2 antenna with chokering groundplane. Optional protectiveradome.

AT502Microstrip L1/L2 antenna with built ingroundplane.

AT501Microstrip L1 antenna with built ingroundplane.

RTBCombined GPS L1/ beacon antenna.

RTSCombined GPS L1/ L-Band antenna.



Equipment weights Power Environmental Specifications

Receivers

SR530: 1.25 kgSR520: 1.15 kgSR510: 1.15 kgMC500: 3.10 kgRS500: 1.25 kgGS50+ : 1.25 kgGS50 : 1.15 kg

Antennas

AT504: 4.3 kgAT503: 2.4 kgAT502: 0.4 kgAT501: 0.4 kg

Power consumption

SR530: maximum 7 Watts(excluding radio)

SR520: maximum 5.5 WattsSR510: maximum 5.5 WattsMC500: maximum 7 Watts

(excluding radio)RS500: maximum 7 Watts

(excluding attachedaccessories)

GS50+: maximum 7 Watts(excluding radio)

GS50 : maximum 5.5 Watts

Supply Voltage

All equipment: Nominal 12V DC(Range11-16V DC)

Instrument Operation Storage

SR530 -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

SR520 -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

SR510 -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

MC500 -20°C to +60°C -40°C to +70°C

RS500 -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

GS50+ -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

GS50 -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

AT501/ AT502/ AT503 -40°C to +75°C -40°C to + 75°C AT504

Leica PC-cards, all sizes -20°C to +75°C -40°C to +75°C

Optional internal memory -20°C to +55°C -40°C to +70°C

Humidity:Up to 95%, non-condensingMC500: 100%, non-condensing

Weather:Will withstand rain, snow, dust, sandetc.



Separation distances Baseline precision

SR510/SR520/SR530/GS50/GS50+to AT502 or AT501 Antenna

Supplied cables: 1.2m or 2.8mOptional Cable: 30mLonger cables available on request.

MC500 to AT502 Antenna

Supplied cables: 1.2m, 2.8m or 10mOptional Cable: 30mLonger cables available on request.

RS500 to AT504, AT503 or AT502Antenna

Optional Cables: 1.2m, 2.8m, 10m,30m

Longer cables available on request.

The following specifications are based on measurements processed usingSKI-Pro software and are given as baseline rms (root mean square).

Differential Phase

Operation Static Choke Ring Static Rapid Static Stop & Go Kinematic

SR530 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm


SR510 ---------------- 10mm +2ppm 10mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm

MC500 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm

RS500 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm

GS50+ 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm

GS50 ----------------- 10mm +2ppm 10mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm

Differential Code

Operation SR530 SR520 SR510 MC500 RS500 GS50 GS50+

Static 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm

Kinematic 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm 30cm


Operation Static Choke Ring Static Rapid Static Stop & Go Kinematic



SR510 ---------------- 10mm +2ppm 10mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm

MC500 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm

RS500 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm

GS50+ 3mm + 0.5ppm 5mm +1ppm 5mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm 10mm +1ppm

GS50 ----------------- 10mm +2ppm 10mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm 20mm +2ppm

60 GPS Equipment User Manual - 4.0.0enTechnical Specifications

Note:

Baseline precision isdependent upon variousfactors including the numberof satellites tracked,constellation geometry,observation time, ephemerisaccuracy, ionosphericdisturbance, multipath andresolved ambiguities.

Leica Geosystems AG, Heerbrugg,Switzerland, has been certified as beingequipped with a quality system whichmeets the International Standards ofQuality Management and QualitySystems (ISO standard 9001) andEnvironmental Management Systems(ISO standard 14001).

Total Quality Management-Our commitment to total customersatisfaction

Ask your local Leica agent for moreinformation about our TQM program

Leica Geosystems AGCH-9435 Heerbrugg

(Switzerland)Phone +41 71 727 31 31

Fax +41 71 727 46 73www.leica-geosystems.com

Printed in Switzerland - Copyright LeicaGeosystems AG, Heerbrugg, Switzerland 2002Original text

712164-4.0.0en

Gps 500 User Manual

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