GPRS Course Contents

Day-1 Introduction to GPRS

Packet Switching GPRS basics (Coding schemes, etc,) GPRS network architecture GPRS functioning - Attach, PDP context activation, Concept of APN Mobile Terminal & Modes of Operations, Cell reselection Demo of GPRS sessions, Internet browsing using laptop, WAP, MMS Hands-on for using GPRS service

Day-2 GRPS core PCU GSN Complex SGSN GGSN DHCP and AAA RADIUS ISS (Charging gateway, DNS) CommHub APN configuration OMC-G

Day-3 GPRS provisioning and Billing

GPRS provisioning on HLR Static vs. dynamic IP GPRS CDRs Integration with Billing for packetized billing GPRS drive testing

Day-4 GPRS applications and GPRS roaming

WAP MMS Games download Realtime charging for prepaid subscribers On-line lottery, ATM service GPRS Roaming concept GRx architecture Integration with GRx. GPRS extended to circles using common core Advantages of common core Requirements from Circle end

Introduction

GPRS Stands for General Packet Services. It is a new standard that provides packet switching within a GSM network.

GPRS uses a packet-mode technique to transfer high-speed and low-speed data and signaling in an efficient manner. GPRS optimizes the use of network and radio resources. Strict separation between the radio subsystem and network subsystem is maintained, allowing the network subsystem to be reused with other radio access technologies. GPRS does not mandate changes to an installed MSC base. New GPRS radio channels are defined, and the allocation of these channels is flexible: from 1 to 8-radio interfaceTimeslots can be allocated per TDMA frame, timeslots are shared by the active users, and up and downlinks are allocated separately. The radio interface resources can be shared dynamically between speech and data services as a function of service load and operator preference. Various radio channel coding schemes are specified to allow bit rates from 9 to more than 150 kbit/s per user. Applications based on standard data protocols are supported, and interworking is defined with IP networks and X.25 networks. GPRS allows SMS transfer over GPRS radio channels. Three GPRS MS modes of operation are supported: An MS in class-A mode of operation operates GPRS and other GSM services simultaneously. An MS in class-B mode of operation monitors control channels for GPRS and other GSM services simultaneously, but can only operate one set of services at one time. An MS in class-C mode of operation exclusively operates GPRS services.The SGSN is connected to the base station system with Frame Relay. The Gateway GSN (GGSN) provides interworking with external packet-switched networks, and is connected with SGSNs via an IP-based GPRS backbone network. The HLR is enhanced with GPRS subscriber information, and the SMS-GMSCs and SMS-IWMSCs are upgraded to support SMS transmission via the SGSN. Optionally, the MSC/VLR can be enhanced for more-efficient co-ordination of GPRS and non-GPRS services and functionality: e.g., paging for circuit-switched calls that can be performed more efficiently via the SGSN, and combined GPRS and non-GPRS location updates. GPRS security functionality is equivalent to the existing GSM security. The SGSN performs authentication and ciphersetting procedures based on the same algorithms, keys, and criteria as in existing GSM. GPRS uses a ciphering algorithm optimized for packet data transmission. A GPRS ME can access the GPRS services with SIMs that are not GPRS-aware, and with GPRS-aware SIMs. An MS may perform the GPRS Cell selection autonomously, or the base station system instructs the MS to select a certain cell. The MS informs the network when it re-selects another cell or group of cells known as a routing area.

In order to access the GPRS services, an MS shall first make its presence known to the network by performing a GPRS attach. This operation establishes a logical link between the MS and the SGSN, and makes the MS available for SMS over GPRS, paging via SGSN, and notification of incoming GPRS data. In order to send and receive GPRS data, the MS shall activate the packet data address that it wants to use. This operation makes

the MS known in the corresponding GGSN, and interworking with external data networks can commence.User data is transferred transparently between the MS and the external data networks with a method known as encapsulation and tunneling: data packets are equipped with GPRS-specific protocol information and transferred between the MS and GGSN. This transparent transfer method lessens the requirement for the GPRS PLMN to interpret external data protocols, and it enables easy introduction of additional interworking protocols in the future. User data can be compressed and protected with retransmission protocols for efficiency and reliability.

Packet SwitchingUnlike circuit switching, packet switching does not require dedicated channel. Instead, the computer connected to a mobile station sends and receives bursts, or packets, of data through the network along communication lines shared with the other channels. The data is sent in the form of discrete packets, each with a header-containing source and destination routing information and address. In this way, packets from many different transmissions may be multiplexed over the same circuit. The path taken by successive packet may not be same. However, the routing information contained in the header of each packet ensures that the packet reach their destination where they are reassembled into the correct sequence.

GPRS basics (Coding schemes, etc,)

Different Coding Scheme (CS) used for GPRS areCS1 – Rate = 9.05 KbpsCS2 – Rate = 13.4 KbpsCS3 – Rate = 15.6 KbpsCS1 – Rate = 21.4 Kbps (no encryption)

When GPRS starts sending data, its first burst occupies all the TS available and by looking C/I parameters it decides the coding scheme to be given to data transmission and accordingly releases the TS.

GPRS network architecture

The GPRS protocol stack

GPRS Interfaces

SGSN GGSN

GGSNOther PLMN

SGSN

BSSMS

MSC / VLR

PDN

SMSC

HLR

EIR

Gb Gn

Gp

GrGdGsA

E C

D

Gi

Gn Gf

Um

Signaling

Signaling and Data

CGFGb

BPL MOBILE GPRS NETWORK

GPRS Transmission Plane

GSM RF

MAC

RLC

LLC

SNDCP

IP / X.25

Application

Layer 1

Layer 2IP

TCPUDP

GTP

IP / X.25

LLC

SNDCP

GSM RF

MAC

RLC

L1 bis

NetworkService

BSSGP

L1 bis

NetworkService

BSSGP

Layer 1

Layer 2IP

TCPUDP

GTP

MS BSS SGSN GGSNUm Gb Gn Gi

TLLI (IMSI / PTMSI)

NSAPI ( during PDP )

DLCI

TID(NSAPI/IMSI)

BVCI

IP

WAP / HTTP

NSVCI

BPL MOBILE GPRS NETWORK

GPRS functioning - Attach, PDP context activation, Concept of APN

All traffic from an MS, whether voice or data, is transported over the air interface to the BTS, and from BTS to the BSC, in the same manner as a standard GSM message. The GSM BTS and BSC both require a soft upgrade to handle GPRS.

GPRS packet data traffic is separated from GSM voice and circuits-witched data at the BSC. GSN traffic is sent to the MSC as usual, while GPRS traffic is sent to the PCU, a new component that adds GPRS functionality to the BSS.

The PCU segment Logical Link Control (LLC) frames into Radio link Control (RLC) packets for transmission to the MS by the BSC, and reverses the process for RLC packets received from the BSC for transmission to the SGSN. The PCU also manages time-slot allocation and packet scheduling.The SNSG delivers packet to and from MS in it’s service area, and tracks the location of the MS. As an MS moves from one SGSN coverage area to another, the GSNS communicates with each other and update the user location.

The GGSNs are connected to the SGSN via the GPRS backbone. The GGSN acts as logical interface between MSs and the Internet and other outside GPRS networks. It maintains routing information used to tunnel PDUs to the serving SGSN, allowing the MS to move freely within the coverage area. The GGSN also collects charging information and forwards it to a billing system.

Mobile Terminal & Modes of Operations, Cell reselection

A GPRS MS can operate in one of three modes of operation. The mode of operation depends on the services that theMS is attached to, i.e., only GPRS or both GPRS and other GSM services, and upon the MS's capabilities to operate GPRS and other GSM services simultaneously.

Class-A mode of operation: The MS is attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, and the MS supports simultaneous operation of GPRS and other GSM services.

Class-B mode of operation: The MS is attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, but the MS can only operate one set of services at a time.

Class-C mode of operation: The MS is exclusively attached to GPRS services.

An MS (in any mode of operation (A, B, or C)) cannot camp on more than one cell. This means that the cell selection and reselection procedure should choose cells that support services the user has subscribed to.If the MS is in idle mode, then it shall behave as described below:

When the MS is in GPRS IDLE state and wishes to initiate the GPRS Attach procedure, the following applies:

If the currently camped-on cell supports GPRS then no cell reselection is required.

If the currently camped-on cell does not support GPRS, then reselection of a cell supporting GPRS is required before execution of the attach procedure.

If the MS is in GPRS STANDBY or READY state, cell selection and reselection procedures specific to GPRS shall be used, The cell reselection procedure used in READY state shall minimize the cell changes.

If the MS is in dedicated mode, then the changes from one cell to another is performed according to theNetwork-controlled handover procedures. There may be co-ordination of the idle and dedicated mode procedures used for circuit-switched services with the READY state procedure for MSs that are both IMSI-attached and GPRS-attached.

GPRS Mobile Time-Slots Capabilities

Class 1 UL 1 Tch DL 1 Tch Motorola Accompli A008 TriumMondo, Sirius.

Class 2 UL 1 Tch DL 2 Tch Motorola Accompli A008 TriumMondo, Sirius.

Class 3 UL 2 Tch DL 2 Tch

Class 4 UL 1 Tch DL 3 Tch Motorola TimeportT260.

Class 6 UL 2 Tch DL 3 Tch (Conf) Nokia 6310, 6510, 8310,ND-211.

Class 8 UL 1 Tch DL 4 Tch Siemens S45, ME45, M50 TriumEclipse.

Class 10 UL 1 Tch DL 4 Tch (Conf) Philips Fisio 820

Class 12 UL 1 Tch DL 4 Tch (Conf) Sierra Wireless Aircard 750 GSM/GPRS PC Card

Class 29 UL 8 Tch DL 8 Tch

GRPS core

Packet Unit Control (PCU)

The Packet control unit (PCU) uses Compact PCI_ based hardware to implement the new BSS functionality that integrates the Gb interface with existing Motorola GSM equipment. The PCU is a component of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS), which connects the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) to the Base station controller (BSC) using the Gb interface. The PCU is collocated with the BSC.

The PCU also provides the General Packet Radio System (GPRS) radio channel control functions, such as timeslot allocation, media access control (MAC), error detection for the air interface, radio link control automatic request for retransmission (RLC ARQ), power control, timing advance and system information message generation, using radio link control (RLC)/media access control (MAC) protocols. A PCU is capable of a maximum configuration of 1080 air timeslots. A maximum of 270 air timeslots can be active at one time, with 810 on standby.

The main components of the PCU are:

A CompactPCI chassis. An alarm module. A power distribution module. Three fan/power supply sleds (one for redundancy). One MPROC/HSC pair. Up to twelve DPROCs and their associated transition modules, (quantity

dependant on customer requirements).

The following digital modules are available:

MPROC:The master processor (MPROC) is the system slot processor, which is responsible for bus arbitration and CPCI clock generation. It hosts interface and BSSGP protocol functions, and is called the PCU System Processor (PSP). Only one PCU System Processor (PSP) may be equipped at each PCU.

DPROC:The data processor (DPROC) boards are non-system slot processor boards (or I/O boards), which have two PMC sockets. The DPROC can be configured as either a Packet Interface Control Processor (PICP) or as a Packet Resource Processor (PRP).

NIB:The network interface board (NIB) is a PCI mezzanine card (PMC). The NIB has the functionality of an MSI card and performs all of the physical layer termination of the E1 links between the PCU, the BSC and the SGSN.

Hot swap controller (HSC) bridge:The HSC bridge also known as the PCI to PCI Bridge (PPB) allows an MPROC to link two separate PCI bus domains. The HSC Bridge and MPROC are paired boards.

E1 transition modules:Transition modules are used in the rear non-system slots to allow the PMC E1 interfaces to be connected at the rear of the PCU.

GSN Complex

GSN Complex OverviewThe GPRS Support Node (GSN) Complex provides a router for the GPRS infrastructure.The GSN Complex consists of Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) and Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) components connected to a single LAN switch known as the communications Hub (CommHub). These components, together with Integrated Support Services (ISS) cluster nodes and high availability disk storage arrays, are housed in two or more GSN Complex cabinets.A basic GSN Complex consists of a communications cabinet and an expansion cabinet.Up to two further expansion cabinets can be added to increase capacity.

GSN hardware Architecture

GSN Complex ComponentsThe following components make up the GSN Complex:

CommHub. ISS. Terminal Concentrator. SGSN Unit. GGSN.

SGSNThe SGSN Unit comprises a Motorola Compact PCI CPX8216 system with Compact PCI bus; containing the following SGSN related hardware:

SGSN. This is a three-card set that includes a Control Function (CF) card, TF0 (Gb) card, and TF1 (Gn) card. The SGSN detects and tracks new GPRS MSs in its service area and provides a reliable, secure data channel as the MS moves between cells.Signaling Function (SF). This is a single card that provides SS7 signaling protocols for signaling exchange between SGSN and GSM network entities.Shelf Manager. This is a two-card set containing a system slot processor (SSP) module and a hot swap controller (HSC) bridge module. The Shelf Manager performs the bus control functions, enabling communication between non-system slot cards over the PCI bus; relays shelf alarms to the OMC-G, and performs software load management. Each SGSN Unit contains two Shelf Managers (four cards in total).

GGSNThe GGSN is a Cisco 7206 router that provides GPRS network access to external hosts, so they can communicate with MSs. It also decapsulates and forwards external data network packets to the appropriate data network and handles the billing of traffic data.The GGSN contains routing information for attached GPRS users. This routing information is used to tunnel packets uplink and downlink. Uplink provides GPRS network access to external hosts that wish to communicate with the mobile subscribers. Downlink directs mobile terminated packets to the SGSN currently serving the MS, allowing the mobile subscribers to move freely within the coverage area of its home network, or a foreign network.The GGSN also collects charging information from the GPRS network and transfers the information to a network operator billing system, by way of a centralized CGF located in the ISS cluster (Integrated Support Server).

DHCP and AAA RADIUSDynamic Host Configuration Protocol – This is a protocol that lets network administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment of IP Addresses on the corporate network. When a company sets up its computer users with a connection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network. DHCP uses

the concept of a ‘lease’ or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.

Authentication, Authorization and Accounting – The RADIUS server acts as a security gateway to the PLMN and authenticates and authorizes all remote access. The RADIUS server is accessed during PDP context activation. The GGSN functions as a client of the PLMN RADIUS server. The GGSN is responsible for passing user information to a designated RADIUS server and acting on any response. User authentication is performed by a series of communications exchanges between the GGSN and the RADIUS server. Once a user is authenticated, the GGSN provides user access to a specific network resource, (for example, the Internet). When a user initiates a PLMN ISP access (indicated by the APN), the GGSN behaves as a RADIUS authentication client.

ISS (Charging gateway, DNS)

The ISS is a Sun Cluster comprising two Cluster Nodes (Sun Netra t 1125s) and two HADisk Arrays (Sun Netra st D1000s). The ISS provides GPRS system components with reliable disk storage, a charging gateway, current time, domain name translation, and network information.ISS Cluster provides the following network functions: -

Domain Name Service (DNS), which maps logical names, to network layer Internet Protocol (IP) Address.

Network File Server (NFS) which provides long-term storage for network configuration information, charging data information and network statistics.

Charging Gateway Function (CFG), which collects and store subscriber accounting data for collection by a Billing system (BS).

CommHubThe CommHub is the backbone of the GSN Complex. The CommHub is a Cisco 5500 switch that comprises switch router and Ethernet switch modules providing a central connection point for the components in a GPRS system. The CommHub provides LAN connectivity between GPRS components through Ethernet, and WAN connectivity to data networks outside a GPRS system.

APN configurationWhen an MS is attached to a GPRS network, it can choose to use the default APN or to select a different pre-configured APN from a list sent to it by the HLR. The user-selectable APN feature gives an MS the ability to select from this list.

An APN is an identifier for a PDN that is configured on, and accessible from, a GGSN. It is used to specify the PDN to which an MS wishes to connect. The APN can be a label or a fully qualified domain name according to DNS naming conventions as specified in GSM.

OMC-GThe OMC-G allows the operator to perform operation and maintenance of the GPRS system by performing analysis of the events, alarms and statistics within the GPRS system. The OMC-G complements existing OMC systems within a GSM network under the control of a common Network Management Center (NMC). The OMC-G works in conjunction with the GSN Complex, which handles all the GPRS communications.

OMC-G GPRS management functionsThe following management facilities are provided at the OMC-G workstation screens for the user to maintain and operate the GPRS system.Configuration managementConfiguration Management allows the operator to configure the Network Elements. It allows the operator to perform the following tasks:

View SGSN, Shelf Manager, and Cisco GGSN configuration. Modify SGSN and Shelf Manager configuration. Perform a sanity check of an SGSN database. Change SGSN and Cisco GGSN configuration via updated database files. View and change load sharing and redundancy configuration on Gb link. Compare SGSN data related to Gb link with the corresponding PCU data

(retrieved from OMC-R). Provide telnet access to SGSN, Shelf Manager, Cisco GGSN, CommHub, and

ISS. Provide tftp access to SGSN, Shelf Manager, Cisco GGSN, CommHub, and ISS.

GPRS provisioning on HLR

IMSI GPRS enabled / disabled PDP Records APN

IP Version (IPv4 or IPv6) IP address (If static address is allocated) QoS profile name Roaming (HPLMN / VPLMN)

Integration with Billing for packetized billing

GGSN

GPRS BackboneChargingGateway

(ISS)

Billing Systemv6.0

CMISE

HLRSGSN

S-CDRsM-CDRsS-SMO-CDRsS-SMT-CDRs

G-CDRs

GTP’

FTP

Billing

Files

SiemensOMC

GPRS Provisioni

ng

Gr

Internet

GPRS Billing Service Access Point (Internet, Corporate Intranets, Mail service, Gaming zone,

etc.) Uplink data volume (MB of data transferred) Downlink data volume (MB of data transferred) QoS offered to the subscriber (Coding scheme, peak throughput, priority, etc. ) Time of usage (e.g. 10pm to 8am) Content based billing (Via third-party software) Monthly subscription based

ReferencesGSM 02.60 GPRS; Service description; Stage 1GSM 03.60 GPRS; Service descriptionGSM 07.60 GPRS; Mobile Station (MS) supporting GPRSGSM 12.15 GPRS; GPRS ChargingGSM 08.08 MSC – BSS interface: Layer 3 specification

WAP Introduction: -The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a set of open, global protocols for developing applications and services that use wireless networks. The WAP protocols are mainly based on already existing Internet protocols, but are optimized for mobile users with wireless devices. WML is the WAP equivalent to HTML (HyperText Markup Language), which is a markup language used to construct web pages. WML stands for Wireless Markup Language. Pages written in WML can be read by a WAP phone or similar device. Since WML is actually an application of XML (eXtensible Markup Language), the syntax reminds of XML, with its strictness. If you have some experience with HTML, it is not difficult to learn WML; many tags and attributes are almost the same, but there are fewer tags. Unlike HTML, you can play around with variables in WML, making it more dynamic. It is also possible to have many sub-pages (called 'cards') in one WML page (called a 'deck'). Each WML card works like a web page and it's content is displayed to the user.

The WAP Forum released its first specification – WAP 1.0 – in 1998. In subsequent WAP specification releases, the WAP Forum addressed interoperability, established a certification program, and added various features in response to changes in market requirements and improvements in networks, devices and new technologies.

WAP 2.0 is a next-generation set of specifications that, like previous releases, marks the WAP Forum's ongoing efforts to adopt the most recent Internet standards and protocols. WAP 2.0 also optimizes usage of higher bandwidths and packet-based connections of wireless networks worldwide. While utilizing and supporting enhancements in the capabilities of the latest wireless devices and Internet content technologies, WAP 2.0 also provides managed backwards compatibility to existing WAP content, applications and services that comply to previous WAP versions.

The following items represent the major architectural components of WAP 2.0:Protocol Stack Support – In addition to the WAP Stack introduced in WAP 1, WAP 2.0 adds support and services on a stack based on the common Internet stack including support for TCP, TLS and HTTP. By encompassing both stacks, WAP 2.0 provides a connectivity model on a broader range of networks and wireless bearers.WAP Application Environment – Nominally viewed as the 'WAP Browser', the WAP 2.0 Application Environment has evolved to embrace developing standards for Internet browser markup language. This has led to the definition of the XHTML Mobile Profile (XHTMLMP). XHTMLMP is based on the modularity framework of the eXtensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) developed by the W3C to replace and enhance the currently used HTML language common today. The use of Internet technologies is not new for WML, as WML1 is a fully conformant XML language in its own right.Additional Services and Capabilities – The WAP specifications have had items that were neither part of the 'WAP Stack' nor the 'WAP Browser' but helped to enrich the

environment defined in the WAP specifications. With WAP 2.0, there is a considerable increase in the number of features available to developers, operators and users.

WAP Network

WAPGateway

Internet

Web Serverhttp://wap.yahoo.com

Web Server

Web Serverhttp://wap.mizone.bplmobile.com

HTTP /HTTPS

WSPWTP

WAPEnabledMobiles

PDAWAP browser

Laptops withWAP browser

Encoder &Script Compiler

CarriersCSDSMSGPRS

MMSIntroduction: -The Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), as its name implies, is intended to provide a rich set of content to subscribers in a messaging context. It supports both sending and receiving of such messages by properly enabled client devices.The Multimedia messaging service is viewed as a non-real-time delivery system. This is comparable to many messaging systems in use today. Prime examples include traditional email available on the Internet and wireless messaging systems such as paging or SMS. These services provide a store-and-forward usage paradigm and it is expected that the MMS will be able to interoperate with such systems. Real-time messaging also exists in various forms. For example, instant messaging available from various vendors or various chat services (e.g. text, voice) are becoming popular. Such services are not currently supported with the MMS system but may be considered for future releases.

Elements of MMSC Environment: -MMS Client – This is the system element that interacts with the user. It is expected to be implemented as an application on the user’s wireless device.MMS Proxy-Relay – This is the system element that the MMS Client interacts with. It provides access to the components that provide message storage services, and it is responsible for messaging activities with other available messaging systems. Some implementations may combine this component with the MMS Server.MMS Server – This system element provides storage services for MM messages. Some implementations may combine this component with the MMS Proxy -Relay.Email Server – This system element provides traditional Internet email services. It supports the SMTP protocol to send messages as well as POP and/or IMAP protocols to retrieve messages.

WAP Gateway Server –SMSC CMD-II Login –

Real-time charging for prepaid subscribers

Flow Diagram.

Whenever a subscriber sends a Service request to the Content Provider/Application Server it will call the authenticate function using the HTTP interface. Apart from MSISDN and amount required for the transaction, application has to pass the user id and password given to it.After receiving the authenticate request, IMS will check that the request has come from a valid client. Once the client validation is done it will proceed with the authentication of the MSISDN.After the MSISDN is identified as pre-paid, communicate with SCP to authenticate the validity of the MSISDN. Then block the required amount on the SCP. Respond back to the Application / Content server with the Authenticate success. IMS will assign a unique transaction id to every successful authenticate request response.Once application gets a successful authentication response it will go ahead with the transaction. Once the transaction is successful the application will call the accounting request mentioning the transaction id, onto the IMS.When the IMS gets accounting request for a transaction it will generate the CDR and release the particular transaction id. The transaction has to expire within a definite time period. After the authentication request if the system does not receive accounting request within the defined time period, the System will release the active resources used for that

particular transaction. If the application does not get a successful response, it needs to retry, the frequency of which will be configurable. In the event that the response fails for good, the transaction ids need to be given to IMS for reconciliation in a ASCII file with format as follow.

GPRS Roaming conceptThe GPRS system Network is responsible for the communication of a large amount of data, and at a respectable high speed. The signaling and other related infrastructures are designed to be relatively fault tolerant.  Another important aspect of GPRS signaling is the concept of Roaming. Service providers must make sure that the machine when out of the home network, must not suffer with no communication possibility. GPRS Roaming, as much similar to the existing GSM Roaming patterns, requires signal protocols to be recognized by the various participating service providers in the network. Thus this requires an efficient communication channel and a well established inter network among all the service stations striving together for roaming. This makes it possible to design a generic design map, somewhat resembling the K (x,y) meshed architecture.

GRx architectureRoaming eXchange (GRX) provides a secure platform for the global exchange of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) traffic. This service allow users to connect their mobile phones to a wide range of public and private data networks using TCP/IP and X.25.With the anticipated growth of the wireless Internet around the globe.

International data and IP network, combined with Global Data Centres can provide a global coverage and quality of service. Services include International Voice, VoIP, International Toll Free, Global Internet Access, and VPN services using native IP, ATM, Frame Relay and MPLS.

Through our GRX peering arrangements, global connectivity by GPRS roaming partners via a single connection shall save much time and money involved in setting up connections. Built-in flexibility and a choice of port sizes, shall make it easy to select a solution that suits the needs of the user. The GRX solution will be competitively priced, secure and scalable, providing users with an excellent opportunity to increase the GPRS traffic.

GRx Roaming Documents IR 21 IR 35

Integration BPL Network with GRx.

GPRS Complex

RSM

Vlan 100

Border Gateway router

Fi re wal l

Internet

GPRS LAN

Public LAN

WAP MMSC SMSC

For existing Bplgprs.com subscribers

10.254.1.10

10.254.1.9

203.196.249.161 10.254.1.14 203.124.225.174

203.124.225.173

Lease Line Router

10.254.1.26

10.254.1.25

BPL MOBILE GPRS NETWORK

BPL MOBILE GPRS NETWORK

203.196.203.202

GPRS extended to circles using common core

MUXHLR

Gb

Gr

Gb

PCU1

Pune (Maharashtra)

PCU5

MUXHLR

Gb

Gr 1-E1Two Tchs / PCUGr

Gb

PCU1

Kerala

PCU3

InternetMUXGb

Mumbai

HLRGr

Gi

MUX

1-E1Two Tchs / PCUGr

PCU1

PCU17

CF TF

CF TF

SF Gn

Gn

SGSN 1

SGSN 2

SFSGSN PuneCF SF TF

SGSN Kerala

GGSN

SFCF SF TF

NATRouter

Gn Gn

CommonOMC-G / DHCP / DNS

Gr GrGb CGF

Gb