COATINGS BASED ON GP® CK-2500 PHENOLIC RESIN

© 2018 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC, All rights reserved. 1

GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin

GP® CK-2500 phenolic resin is a non-heat reactive, oil-soluble resin featuring excellent solubility and low viscosity.

Coatings based on GP CK-2500 resin include the following advantages:

• One-Package System• Fast Surface Dry• Through Dry• Corrosion Resistance

These characteristics make GP CK-2500 resin suitable for exterior primers, spar varnishes, floor finishes, and vehicles for aluminum alloys.

GP CK-2500 resin can be used to formulate oleoresinous paints and varnishes or as a modifier to upgrade the performance properties of alkyd systems. It is useful in both conventional and high-solids paint and varnish systems.

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The formulas and information in this book are provided as starting points and directional guidance for development of a customer’s individual formulations.

Oleoresinous Coatings

GP® CK-2500 phenolic resin provides an attractive alternative to water-based systems for exterior primers. The advantages of its use include:

• No photoreactive solvents.• No chlorinated solvents.• One-package system, easy to store and use.• Spray, brush or roller applied.• Adherence to rusty and poorly prepared steel surfaces.• Dries in damp, humid or cool weather.• Topcoatable with latex, alkyd or oil aluminum paints.

For use in varnishes, GP CK-2500 resin is readily soluble in well-known drying oils and does not require high-temperature processing. Varnishes can be made by cold cutting (cold blending) a solution of GP CK-2500 and varnish oils without heat processing. This technique permits the manufacture of quality, high-solids varnishes without varnish-cooking equipment.

Figure 1: Viscosity vs. Grams Solvent/Liter of Varnish

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Formula

GP CK-2500/Tung Oil (35/65)

Mineral spirits

Graphs are intended as directional. Results for individual

formulations may vary.

Figure 2: Viscosity vs. Solids

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Formula

Resin/Tung Oil (35/65)

EXXON Aromatic 100

Graphs are intended as directional. Results for individual

formulations may vary.

Formula Starting Point PC-3904

General-Purpose Vehicle

Ingredients Pounds Gallons

GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin 100 11.0

Butanol 15 2.73

Mineral Spirits 85 13.08

Tung Oil 200 25.50

Total 400 52.31

Procedure: Dissolve the resin in butanol and mineral spirits. Add tung oil slowly with stirring.

Varnish

Properties:Viscosity, cP 180

Non-volatiles, % by wt (~70% by vol) 75

Solvent – VOC, g/l 230

Film

Properties(1):Drying Time, hr(2)

Set to Touch 1.2

Through Dry 1.6

Hardness(3) B

(1) Drier Content – 0.12% zirconium, 0.06% cobalt, 0.04% calcium, calculated as metals based on the weight of the oil present.

(2) Gardner circular drying time recorder.(3) Film hardness pencil test ASTM D3363-74

With the driers indicated, Formula Suggestion PC-3904 is suitable for clear coatings on wood. It is based on an aliphatic solvent rather than an aromatic solvent. Since GP CK-2500 will not dissolve easily in aliphatic solvents alone, butanol is employed as a cosolvent. Isopropanol can be used as a cosolvent, but butanol also improves the surface wetting of the coating. With an adjustment in driers, the basic formulation can be used for pigmented coatings.

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Formula Starting Points PP-3908 and PP-3907

Anti-Corrosive Primers

PP-3908 PP-3907

White, High-Solids Red, High-Solids

Ingredients Pounds Gallons Pounds Gallons

Pigment Grind

Talc1 191.30 8.46 --- ---

Zinc Phosphate2 150.72 5.74 200.47 7.67

Titanium Dioxide, Rutile3 191.30 5.83 --- ---

Iron Oxide4 --- --- 194.58 4.54

Mica5 --- --- 159.20 7.21

Silica6 2.90 0.14 2.95 0.15

Vehicle PC-3904 (see page 5) 502.61 65.72 511.20 65.60

Mineral Spirits7 72.46 11.13 73.70 11.32

Butanol 2.90 0.43 2.95 0.44

Total 1114.19 97.45 1145.05 96.93

Let Down

Mineral Spirits7 5.80 0.87 8.84 1.36

Zirconium Drier, 6% --- --- 4.72 0.56

Zirconium Drier, 24% 1.16 0.55 --- ---

Cobalt Drier, 6% --- --- 2.36 0.29

Cobalt Drier, 12% 1.16 0.29 --- ---

Calcium Drier, 5% --- --- 1.77 0.24

Calcium Drier, 10% 0.87 0.23 --- ---

Anti-skinning Agent, Oxime type 4.64 0.61 4.72 0.62

Total 1127.82 100.00 1167.46 100.00

Suppliers: (1) Talc – “Mistron® Monomix” (Imerys Performance Additives) or equivalent.(2) Zinc Phosphate - #317 (Reichard Coulston) or equivalent.(3) Titanium Dioxide – “Ti-Pure” R-960 (The Chemours Company) or equivalent.(4) Iron Oxide – R-6098 (Pfizer) or equivalent.(5) Mica – 325 Mesh (English Mica) or equivalent.(6) Silica – “Tullanox” 500 (Tulco), “QUSO” WR-50 (Philadelphia Quartz), or equivalent.(7) Mineral Spirits – Naphthol Spirits 66/3 or equivalent.

Continued next page

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Procedure:Combine in the order listed. For PP-3908, grind to Hegman 5-6; for PP-3907, grind to

Hegman 4-5.

Paint

Properties:PP-3908 PP-3907

Pigment Binder Ratio 1.42 1.45

Pigment Volume Concentration (PVC), % 29.8 28.7

Viscosity, Ford #4 Cup, sec 60 to 120 62

Non-volatiles, % by wt 81 81

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC), g/l 248 256

Drying Time (3-mil film), hr

Set to Touch 2 to 2.5 2 to 2.25

Through Dry 4 to 5 4 to 5

Formula Suggestion PP-3908 provides a smooth white primer, while Formula Suggestion PP-

3907 provides a flatter red finish preferred by some painters. Both primers offer good salt-

spray resistance when applied at three mils and topcoated with an aluminum paint, such

as Formula Suggestion PP-3913. This combination produced a corrosion rating of 8 to 9

(ASTM-B-117) after 1000 hours exposure. A system with a water-based primer was rated a

failure at 440 hours.

For a one-coat maintenance paint, see Formula Suggestion PP-3913, a Ready-Mixed

Aluminum Paint based on GP® CK-2500 resin. This paint can provide corrosion resistance,

even when the surface preparation is less than optimum

Formula Starting Points PP-3908 and PP-3907

Anti-Corrosive Primers

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Formula Starting Point PP-3913

Ready-Mixed Aluminum Paint

Ingredients Pounds Gallons

Vehicle: GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin 200.55 22.06

Mineral Spirits1 181.14 27.79

Butanol 18.91 2.80

Tung Oil 286.50 36.55

Linseed Oil, Polymerized2 85.95 10.80

Total 773.05 100.00

Aluminum Paint: Aluminum Powder3 25.00 1.20

Vehicle 100.00 12.94

Cobalt Drier, 12% 0.50 0.07

Anti-skinning Agent, Oxime Type 0.80 0.01

Total 126.30 14.22

Suppliers:

(1) Mineral Spirits – Naphthol Spirits 66/3 or equivalent.

(2) Linseed Oil – S-370KO or S-700KO (NL Industries) or equivalent.

(3) Aluminum Powder – “Alcan” Metals Powder MD-5100, 55% Leafing or equivalent.

Procedure:

Mix butanol and mineral spirits and heat to 75°C (167°F). Add GP CK-2500 resin slowly,

while mixing with a high-shear stirrer. Add oils slowly. Continue to stir while adding

aluminum powder, drier and anti-skinning agent.

Properties: Viscosity, Brookfield, cP 1300 to 1500

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC), lb/gal (g/l) 1.82 (218.3)

Non-volatiles, % by wt 78.5

Oil Length of Vehicle, gal 25

Drying Time, hr:

Set to Touch 1.2

Through Dry 4

Reducing Thinner Mineral Spirits

Application Brush or spray

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Alkyd Modification

Phenolic reinforcement of alkyds to enhance water resistance, corrosion resistance, and hardness has been known for some time. Aircraft primers, traffic paints, mirror backings, and electrical and machinery coatings have been derived from either “cooked” or cold-blended mixtures of phenolic and alkyd resins.

GP® CK-2500 phenolic resin can be used to improve the protective properties of alkyd resins. Cold blending or simple solution mixing of phenolic and alkyd resins is most commonly used today. Table 1 shows the effect of adding 10 and 20 parts of GP CK-2500 resin to a conventional medium oil length alkyd. Salt spray data show the improved corrosion resistance imparted by phenolic modification.

High-solids alkyd resins (80 to 85 percent solids) are lower in molecular weight and require more polymerization during drying to achieve good film properties. GP CK-2500 modification is effective in upgrading the performance of these systems. Several representative high-solids alkyds were tested with and without modification by GP CK 2500, as shown in Table 2. In every test case of phenolic modification, the water and corrosion resistance of the coatings over plain or “Bonderite” steel was improved. The phenolic modification also improved the hardness and shortened the dry times of the alkyd systems tested. These systems were supplied in strong solvents. It is also possible to use a more economical thinner, such as 90/10 blend of mineral spirits/PROPASOL Solvent P.

As shown in Table 3, three different high-solids alkyds were formulated with and without phenolic modification. The paints were spray-coated onto sandblasted steel panels and air-dried to about a three-mil film thickness. Again, the phenolic-modified systems tested showed improved corrosion resistance in salt spray and water immersion tests.

Phenolic/alkyd-based primers can be formulated with zinc phosphate and its combinations with other zinc salt additives, as shown on page 13. For two-coat maintenance systems, this primer with an aluminum-pigmented topcoat should provide improved performance over conventional alkyd systems.

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Table 1: Typical Effect of GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin

on Properties of Conventional Alkyd Paints

Ingredients A B C

Alkyd Resin1, 50% NV 200.0 200.0 200.0

GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin 10.0 20.0 ---

Mineral Spirits, 66/3 Type 30.0 41.0 20.0

Butanol 4.4 5.6 2.2

Cobalt Drier, 6% 0.8 0.8 0.8

Manganese Drier, 6% 0.8 0.8 0.8

Anti-skinning Agent 0.6 0.6 0.6

Total, Parts by Weight 246.6 268.8 224.4

Paint Properties: Non-volatiles, % by wt 45 45 45

Viscosity, Brookfield, cP 1210 1240 1080

Film Properties2:Salt Spray, 500 hr

“Bonderite” 100 Substrate

Creep, in 1/4 1/8 5/16

Blister 6M 8F 5D

Corrosion 7 8 4

FOOTNOTES:(1) Alkyd Resin, 50% NV – “RCI” 11-070 (Reichhold) or equivalent.(2) Film Thickness – 3 mils.

Code – Blister: 10 = No effect; F = Few; M – Medium; D = Dense Code – Corrosion: 10 = No effect.

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© 2018 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC, All rights reserved.

Table 2: Typical Effect of GP® CK-2500 Phenolic

Resin on Properties of Selected Alkyd Paints

Ingredients A B C D E F G H I

Alkyd Resin A1, 80% NV 100.0 100.0 100.0 --- --- --- --- --- ---

Alkyd Resin B2, 80% NV --- --- --- 100.0 100.0 100.0 --- --- ---

Alkyd Resin C3, 80% NV --- --- --- --- --- --- 100.0 100.0 100.0

GP® CK-2500 Phenolic

Resin--- 8.0 16.0 --- 8.0 16.0 --- 8.0 16.0

Butyl Acetate --- --- --- 20.0 28.0 36.0 --- --- ---

Methyl Ethyl Ketone 20.0 28.0 36.0 --- --- --- 20.0 28.0 36.0

Cobalt Drier, 6% 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Zirconium Drier, 6% 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0

Calcium Drier, 6% 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Total Parts by Weight 134.5 150.5 166.5 134.5 150.5 166.5 134.5 150.5 166.5

FILM PROPERTIES4

Dry Tack Free, hr 5.0 3.9 3.8 4.5 3.7 3.4 3.8 3.0 3.0

Salt Spray 500 hr: Plain Steel Substrate

Creep, in 2 3/8 3/8 1 3/8 1/4 3/4 1/4 1/4

Blister 6D 8M 8M 8M 8M 8M 6D 8D 8D

Corrosion 8 8 8 7 8 8 6 6 7

Salt Spray 500 hr, “Bonderite”: 100 Substrate

Creep, in 1/32 1/32 1/32 1/32 1/32 1/32 1/16 1/32 1/32

Blister 8F 8F 9F 8F 9F 9F 8F 8F 9F

Corrosion 8 9 10 8 9 9 8 9 9

Water Immersion, 500 hr: Plain Steel Substrate

Blister 6D 8M 8F 7F 8F 9F 8F 8F 9F

Corrosion 6 8 9 9 9 10 9 9 10

FOOTNOTES: (1) Alkyd Resin A, 80% NV – “Cargill” 5707 (Cargill) or equivalent.(2) Alkyd Resin B, 80% NV – “Cargill” 5811 (Cargill) or equivalent.(3) Alkyd Resin C, 80% NV – “Cargill” 5713 (Cargill) or equivalent.(4) Film Thickness – 5 mils. Code – Blister: 10 = No effect; F = Few; M – Medium; D = Dense Code – Corrosion: 10 = No effect.

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Table 3:

Typical Effect of GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin on

Properties of Aluminum-Pigmented Alkyd Paints

Ingredients A B C D E F

GP® CK-2500 Phenolic

Resin--- 17.6 --- 17.6 --- 17.6

Alkyd Resin B1, 80% NV 147.0 125.0 --- --- --- ---

Alkyd Resin C2, 80% NV --- --- 147.0 125.0 --- ---

Alkyd Resin D3, 85% NV --- --- --- --- 138.5 127.6

Primary Amyl Acetate 23.5 20.0 23.5 20.0 32.0 28.0

Aluminum Paste4, 65.5%

NV44.8 44.8 44.8 44.8 44.8 44.8

Cobalt Drier, 12% 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Zirconium Drier, 24% 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

Calcium Drier, 10% 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

Anti-skinning Agent 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Total Parts by Weight 221.3 213.4 221.3 213.4 221.3 224.0

Paint Properties: Non-volatiles, % by wt 68.3 70.8 68.3 70.8 68.3 70.7

Viscosity, Brookfield, cP 1300 1650 1420 2400 1000 1250

Film Properties5: Dry Tack Free, hr 4+ 3.8 4.5 4 3.5 3.0

Salt Spray 500 hr, Sandblasted Steel Substrate

Creep, in 1/4 1/8 1/4 1/8 5/16 ¼

Blister 6D 6F 4D 6M 6MD 6M

Corrosion 6 7 5 8 4 7

Water Immersion, 500 hr, Sandblasted Steel Substrate

Blister 5M 6F 6D 6M 6D 6M

Corrosion None Visible

FOOTNOTES:(1) Alkyd Resin B, 80% NV – “Cargill” 5811 (Cargill) or equivalent.(2) Alkyd Resin C, 80% NV – “Cargill” 5713 (Cargill) or equivalent.(3) Alkyd Resin D, 85% NV – “Aroplaz” 6440-A4-85 (Reichhold) or equivalent.(4) Aluminum Paste – “Alcoa” 6209 (Alcoa) or equivalent(5) Film Thickness – 3 mils. Code – Blister: 10 = No effect; F = Few; M – Medium; D = Dense

Code – Corrosion: 10 = No effect.

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Formula Starting Point PP-3967

Phenolic/Alkyd Anti-Corrosive PrimerVehicle Percent by Weight

GP® CK-2500 Phenolic Resin 10.70

Alkyd Resin1, 80% NV 66.80

Mineral Spirits, 66/3 type 20.00

Propasol Solvent P 2.50

Total 100.00

Pigment Grind: Zinc Phosphate2 14.43

Zinc Salt3 1.65

Titanium Dioxide4 15.60

Talc5 13.71

Silica6 0.24

Phenolic/Alkyd Vehicle 48.73

Primary Amyl Acetate 0.71

Mineral Spirits 2.37

Let Down: Cobalt Drier, 12% 0.25

Zirconium Drier, 6% 1.30

Calcium Drier, 5% 0.80

Anti-skinning Agent, Oxime type 0.21

Total 100.00

Paint Properties: Non-volatiles, % by wt 77.5

Viscosity, Brookfield, cP 4300

Film Properties: Dry Time, hr

Touch 2.5

Through 3

Suppliers: (1) Alkyd Resin, 80% NV – “Cargill” 5811 (Cargill) or equivalent(2) Zinc Phosphate - #317 (Reichard Coulston) or equivalent.(3) Zinc Salt – “Sicorin” RZ (BASF-Wyandotte) or equivalent(4) Titanium Dioxide – “Ti-Pure” R-960 (The Chemours Company) or equivalent.(5) Talc – “Mistron Monomix” (Imerys Performance Additives) or equivalent.(6) Silica – “Tullanox” 500 (Tulco)or equivalent.

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IND-0158-1808 GP and the Georgia-Pacific logo are trademarks owned by or licensed to Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC. Mistron is a trademark owned by Imerys Talc America, Inc. Ti-Pure is a trademark owned by the Chemours Company. Bonderite is a trademark owned by Henkel AG & Co. Aroplaz is a trademark owned by Reichhold LLC. TULLANOX is a trademark owned by Tullo, Inc. (registration cancelled). ALCAN is a trademark owned by Alcan Inc. CARGILL is a trademark owned by Cargill, Incorporated. ALCOA is a trademark owned by Alcoa, Inc. SICORIN is a trademark owned by BASF Laske & FarbenAktiengesellschaft (registration cancelled).

The information and technical data herein is believed to be accurate. It is offered for your consideration, investigation and verification. Buyer assumes all risk of use, storage and handling of the product. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN OUR STANDARD TERMS OF SALE REGARDING THE PRODUCT, NO WARRANTY, EXPRESSOR IMPLIED, IS MADE INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WHICH ARE SPECIFICALLY EXCLUDED. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as a license to operate under or recommendation to infringe any patents.

© 2018 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC, All rights reserved.

Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC

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