Government College (Autonomous)...

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Government College (Autonomous)

Rajamahendravaram

Department of Biotechnology

Syllabus

Board Of Studies

2016-2017

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Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram.

Department Of Biotechnology

Consolidated Report of Board of Studies for the year 2016- 2017 The Board of studies of Biotechnology Department was convened on 31 - 03-2016 at

10:30 A.M under the Chairmanship of Dr B Nageshwari Lecturer in charge, Department of

Biotechnology.

The following members were present:

S. No Name Signature

1.

Dr.A.Matta Reddy,

Asossiate Professor, Dept.of Zoology,

Aadikavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry.

University

Nominee

2

Dr.K.Sarala,

Principal Scientist, Crop Improvement

Division, CTRI, Rajahmundry.

Scientist

(Industrial

Nominee)

3

Sri. K.Suresh Babu, Lecturer in

Biotechnology, ABN college, Kovuru,

W.G.Dist. A.P.

Subject expert

4

K.Vasudha, Lecturer incharge, Dept of-

Biotechnology.

Staff Member

5. Dr.B.Nageshwari, Lecturer,

Dept.of Biotechnology.

Staff Member

6

Student

7

Student

The following documents are submitted to the Academic coordinator and Controller of Examinations:

1.Resolutions of Board of Studies Meeting.

2.Syllabi of I, II, III, IV, V, and VI semesters.

3. Model question papers of all semesters which include both theory and practicals for Paper I, II, III,& IV.

4. List of revised Examiners (if any).

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Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. Board of Studies Meeting 2016- 2017

Department of Biotechnology - Approved List of Examiners/Paper setters

S.No Name of the Lecturer/Reader in

service

Name of the college

1. PR college(A), Kakinada

2. Ideal Degree College(A), Kakinada

3. ASD Govt.College for Women,

Kakinada

4. VS Lakshmi College, Kakinada

5. DNR college(A), Bhimavaram

6. K.G.R.L College(A), Bhimavaram

7. CR Reddy College(A), Eluru

8. Y.N.College(A), Narsapur

9. S.K.B.R college(A), Amalapuram

10. VS Krishna Govt.college,

Visakhapatnam

11. Women’s college, Visakhapatnam

12. SRR college, Vijayawada

13. Govt.college for Men, Srikakulam

14. Govt.college for Women, Srikakulam

15. AVN Degree college, Kakinada

16. ABN college, Kovuru, W.G.Dist.A.P

Members: 1. 2.

3.

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Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. Department Of Biotechnology

Board Of Studies Meeting Minutes

The BOS meeting in Biotechnology subject for the year 2016-2017 was held in the Department

of Biotechnology on 31-03-2016 at 11:30AM with Dr B Nageshwari, Lecturer In Charge, in the

Chair along with the following members.

1.University Nominee (Member) : Dr.A.Matta Reddy,

Associate Professor,

Dept.of Zoology, AKNU,

Rajahmundry.

2. Industrial Nominee ( Scientist) : Dr.K.Sarala,

Principal Scientist,

Crop improvement division,

CTRI, Rajahmundry

3. Subject Expert (Member) : Sri. K.Suresh Babu,

Lecturer in Biotechnology,

ABN college, Kovuru,

W.G.Dist. A.P.

4. Faculty Member : Dr B Nageshwari, Lecturer incharge,

Dept.of Biotechnology

5. Faculty Member : Mrs K Vasudha, Lecturer

Dept.of Biotechnology

6. Student Member :

7. Student Member :

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Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. Department Of Biotechnology

Board Of Studies

The members present discussed various aspects of the Syllabi, Model Question Papers of

both Theory and Practical for three year B.Sc., degree course in Biotechnology that is to be

implemented for the academic year 2016-2017 and resolved the following.

RESOLUTIONS :

1.It is resolved to adapt the new curriculum prescribed by A.P. State Council of Higher

Education(Revised common framework of CBCS for colleges in Andhra Pradesh) for 1st year B.Sc.,

Biotecnology‚ 2016-17.

2. It is resolved to adapt the curriculum under modular and CBCS system prescribed by CCE‚ A.P. for

2nd & 3rd B.Sc. Biotechnology.

3. As the course is run on semester system in this college the syllabi for 2nd & 3rd year is divided

equally for each semester.

4. It is resolved to introduce interdisciplinary elective-(General elective) on "Nursery and Gardening"

for 2nd year students ( of Arts and Commerce ) in the 4th semester for the academic year 2016-17. It is

allocated 2 Credits.

5. It is resolved to introduce Advanced elective -1 and Advanced elective -2( under modular and CBCS)

paper-4 in 5th semester for 3rd year students . One of the two papers can be opted by the students.

6. It is resolved to adapt Skill based elective paper -1 and Skill based elective paper-2 ( under modular

and CBCS) in the place of paper-4 in 6th semester for B.Sc. III year students. One of the two papers can

be opted by the students.

7. It is resolved to include 20% of syllabus as additional input in each paper for I‚II‚III- B.Sc. in

addition to the syllabi prescribed.

8. It is resolved to adapt new pattern of weightage of marks in theory and practicals for B.Sc-I as

recommended by Autonomous Committee. And for II&III-B.Sc. as recommended by C.C.E.‚ A.P. under

CBCS modular systems‚ as shown below.

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9.The assessment component is designed as follows:

For I year students ( CBCS pattern) Theory examination :

Total -100 M

External exam - 60 marks

Internal - 40 marks 25-----written examination

5---marks for assignment

5--marks for seminar.

5-- marks for viva-voce.

For II & III year students( CBCS pattern) Theory examination :

Total -100M

External exam - 75 marks

Internal exam - 25 marks 5 marks for Assignment 5 marks for Seminar

5 marks for Viva-voce

10 marks for written exam

10. Practical exam would be conducted at the end of each semester for BSc I year.

Internal exam at the end of 1st semester - 25 marks.

Semester end exam -75 marks

Total - 100 marks

11. Practical exams would be conducted at the end of 4th and 6th semester for II and III years

respectively.

Internal Exam - 25 marks

Year End Exam - 75 marks

Total - 100 marks

The scheme of Model question papers for each module is framed at the end of the syllabus and the list of examiners were also approved.

Signature of the members present: -

1. 3. 5.

2. 4. 6.

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Commissionerate of Collegiate Education, AP, Hyderabad : Choice Based Credit System(CBCS)

Allocation of credits at Subject level

College: Govt.college(A) Course: B.Sc. Subject: Biotechnology

Rajahmundry.

S.No Semester Module Nature Module Name Max. Marks Hour

s

Credits

1. 1 Domain Subject

Course -1A

BT 101 MicroBiology And Cell

Biology

100

4

3

Practicals BT 102 Microbiology & Cell

Biology

50 3 2

2. 2 DSC - 1B Macromlecules , Enzymology

and Bioenergetics.

100 4 3

Practicals Macromlecules and

Enzymology

50 3 2

3. 3 Core - 3 Biological Chemistry 100 4 3

4. 4 Core -4 Plant Biotechnology and

Biophysical Techniques

100 4 3

Practicals Biological Chemistry and Plant

Biotechnology,Biophysical

Techniques

100 3 2

5. 5 Core-5 Molecular Biology 100 4 3

6. 5 Advanced

Elective - 1

Or

Elective - 2

Animal Biotechnology

Or

Industrial Biotechnology

100+100

(theory + pracs)

4 + 3

T+P)

3 +2

(T+P)

Practicals Molecular Biology 100 3 2

7. 6 Core-6 Genetic Engineering and

Immunology

100 4 03

8. 6 Skill based

Elective -1

Or

Elective - 2

Biostatistics & bioinformatics

Or

Environmental Biotechnology

100+100

(T+P)

4+3

(T+P)

3+2

(T+P)

Practicals Genetic Engineering and

Immunology

100 3 02

9. 4 General Elective Nursery and Gardening 50 2 02

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Department Of Biotechnology

Additional Inputs into Syllabus 2016-2017

The topics which are related to the prescribed syllabus, which are of importance either as

academic or application are selected and included in the syllabi as Additional inputs. The

information regarding the research activities and achievements of various Local / Regional

organizations, like CTRI,SIFT,CIFE is collected and considered as a part of the curriculum of

B.Sc Biotechnology course so as to encourage the students to opt for research in this vast field of

science.

I B.Sc : Semester I - Advantages and Disadvantages of microbes.

Semester II - Metabolic Disorders

II B.Sc : Module III - Biochemical disorders – Phenylketonuria, Alkaptonuria, Haemophilia.

Module IV- Medicinal plants for common ailments (Domestic remedies)

III B.Sc : V Semester

Paper III - Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

Paper IV - Applications of Animal & Industrial Biotechnology

III B.Sc: VI Semester

Paper III - Molecular markers- RFLP, RAPD- Procedure and Applications.

Paper IV - Transgenic plants production – Bioinsecticides

Members:

1. 2. 3.

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Government College(A) ‚ Rajamahendravaram

B.Sc - I ; Biotechnology ; Semester – 1

BT 101: Microbiology and Cell biology-Theory- Syllabus.

Total credits : 3 Total Hours : 60

Microbiology

UNIT I

History and development of microbiology: contributions of Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch and Edward Jenner. Microscopy: Compound microscopy: Numerical aperture and its importance, resolving power, oil immersion objectives and their significance, principles and applications of dark field, phase contrast, fluorescent microscopy. Electron microscopy: Principle, ray diagram and applications, TEM and SEM, comparison between optical and electron microscope, limitations of electron microscopy. Stains and staining procedures: Acidic, basic and neutral stains, Gram staining, Acid fast staining, Flagella staining, Endospore staining.

UNIT II

A.Bacteria Bacterial morphology and subcellular structures, general morphology of bacteria, shapes and sizes, generalized diagram of typical bacterial cell. Slime layer and capsule, difference between the structure, function and the position of the two structures. Cell wall of gram +ve and Gram -ve cells, Prokrayotic classification. General account of flagella and fimbriae. Chromatin material, plasmids; definition and kind of plasmids (conjugative and non-conjugative) F, R, and Col plasmids. Endospores: Detailed study of endospore structure and its formation, germination, basis of resistance. A brief idea Bergey’s manual. Morphology of archaea, archaeal cell membrane (differences between bacterial and archaeal cell membrane), other cell structures, concept of the three distinct archaea groups. B.Virus:

General characteristics of viruses, difference between virus and typical microbial cell

structure, different shapes and symmetries with one example of each type, classification of

viruses on the basis of nucleic acids, phage and animal cell viruses, example of each and their

importance. Brief idea of lytic cycle and lysogeny.

UNIT III

Microbial Nutrition: Basic nutritional requirements: Basic idea of such nutrients as water, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and vitamins etc., natural and synthetic media, nutritional classification of bacteria. Selective and Differential media, Enriched media, Enrichment media.

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UNIT IV

Microbial growth and control: Growth: Growth rate and generation time, details of growth curve and its various phases. Concept of synchronous cultures, continuous and batch cultures (chemostat and turbidostat). Measurement of growth. Physical conditions required for growth: Temperature (classification of microorganisms on

the basis of temperature requirements), pH etc. Pure cultures and cultural characteristics.

Maintenance of pure culture. Microbial Control: Terminologies - Sterilization, disinfection, antiseptic, sanitization, germicide, microbistasis, preservative and antimicrobial agents. Mechanism of cell injury: Damage to cell wall, cell membrane, denaturation of proteins,

inhibition of protein synthesis, transcription, replication, other metabolic reactions and change

in supercoiling of DNA. Physical control: Temperature (moist heat, autoclave, dry heat, hot air

oven and incinerators), dessication, surface tension, osmotic pressure, radiation, UV light,

electricity, ultrasonic sound waves, filtration. Chemical control: Antiseptics and disinfectants (halogens, alcohol, gaseous sterilization. Concept of biological control.

Cell Biology

UNIT V

Eukaryotic Cell - Structure and function of the following: nucleus, nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, golgi complex, Mitochandria, Chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, peroxisomes, glyoxisomes and vacuoles. Plant cell wall Cytoskeleton (Micro and Macro filaments, microtubules) and cell locomotion. Mitosis and meiosis. Brief idea of cell cycle. Muscle and nerve cell structure, synaptic transmission and neuromuscular junctions.

Reference Books:

1. Biotechnology – By K. Trehan

2. Cell and Molecular Biology – By De Robertis

3. Cell and Molecular Biology – By Lodish

4. Cell Biology and Genetics – By P. K. Gupta

7. Biotechnology - K. Trehan

8. Biotechnology –1 - R.S. Setty and G.R. Veena

9. Biotechnology – II - R.S. Setty and V. Sreekrishna

10. Molecular Biology - David Friefeilder

11. Cell Biology - By S.C. Rastogi (New Age International (P) Ltd)

12. The World of the Cell - By Becker (Pearson Education)

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Question Paper Design and Guidelines to Paper setter (2016-17)

Government College(A) , Rajamahendravaram. B.Sc - I ; Biotechnology ; Semester - 1 BT 101: Microbiology and Cell biology

Time : 3 Hours Max.Marks : 60

Part -A

4 Essay questions : with internal choice : 4 X 8 = 32 M

Question 1 A or B from Unit I

Question 2 A or B from Unit II

Question 3 A or B from Unit III

Question 4 A from Unit IV & 4 B from Unit V

Part-B

8 Short answer questions 5 X 4= 20 M

Question 5: from Unit I

Question 6: from Unit II

Question 7: from Unit III

Question 8 from Unit IV

Question 9 from Unit V

Question 10 ; Question 11; Question 12 from all 5 units depending

on the weightage of the Unit.

Part- C

4 Very short answer questions 4X2 =8 M

Question 13 ; Question 14 ; Question 15 ; Question 16.----Covering all 5 units.

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Model Question Paper (2016-17)

Government College(A) ‚ Rajamahendravaram. I - B.Sc ; Biotechnology ; Semester - 1

BT 101: Microbiology and Cell biology

Time : 3 hrs Max . Marks : 60

Part- A

Answer any 4 essay questions 4 X 8 = 32M

Note : Draw Diagrams wherever necessary.

1.A. Describe the contributions of Louis Pasteur to microbiology.

Or

B. Write in detail about electron microscopy.

2.A. Explain the features of a typical bacterial cell.

Or

B. Describe the lytic and lysogenic cycle of virus.

3. A. Discuss the basic nutritional requirements of microbes.

Or

B. Describe the various kinds of bacteriological media.

4.A. Write the various physical control methods for microorganisms

Or

B. Describe in detail the structure of eukaryotic cell.

Part -B

Answer any Five short answer Questions 5X4=20 M

5. Numerical aperture 9.synthetic media.

6. Endospore staining 10. Sterilization

7. Plasmids 11. Synaptic transmission.

8. Structure of virus 12. Cytoskeleton

Part -C

Answer all very short answer questions 4X2 = 8M

13. Resolving power 15. Nucleic acids

14. Flagella. 16. Generation time.

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Government College (A)‚ Rajamahendravam.

B.Sc -I ; Biotechnology ; Semester-1 ; Practical Syllabus.

BT 102: Microbiology & Cell Biology

1. Demonstration, use and care of microbiological equipments. 2. Preparation of media, sterilization and isolation of bacteria. 3. Isolation of Bacteriophage from sewage / other sources. 4 . Demonstration of motility of Bacteria. 5. Simple staining of bacteria 6. Gram staining of Bacteria 7 . Acid fast staining of bacteria 8 . Endospore staining. 9. Demonstration of starch hydrolysis by bacterial cultures 10. Growth of fecal coliforms on selective media. 11. Isolation of pure culture by pour plate method

12. Isolation of pure culture by streak plate method.

13. Anaerobic cultivation of microorganisms. 14. Cultivation of yeast and moulds. 15. Antibiotic sensitivity assay. 16. Oligodynamic action of metals. 17. To study germicidal effect of UV light on bacterial growth. 18. Stages of mitosis. 19. Stages of meiosis.

Note: - Mandatory to perform at least ten practical. * * * * * * *

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Practicals - Model Question Paper (2016-17)


B.Sc - I ; Biotechnology ; Semester – 1

BT 102 : Microbiology and Cell biology.

Time : 3 hrs Max . Marks : 25M

1. Determine the nature of the given bacterial sample using Grams ' Staining method. 10 M

2. Identify the stage of mitosis in the given sample. 05M

3. Spotters (1x5) = 05M

4. Record & Viva-voce 05 M

------- Total 25 M

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Government College(A) ‚ Rajamahendravaram.

B.Sc - I ; Biotechnology ; Semester - 2

Macromolecules‚ Enzymology And Bioenergetics: Theory Syllabus

Total credits : 3 Total Hours : 60

Biomolecules

UNIT I

Nucleic Acids and Chromosomes: Chemical structure and base composition of nucleic acids,

Chargaff's rules, Watson Crick Model (B-DNA), deviations from Watson-Crick model, other forms of DNA (A- and Z-DNA), forces stabilizing nucleic acid structures, (hydrogen bonds and

hydrophobic associations, base stacking).

UNIT II

Amino acids and Proteins: Structure of amino acids occurring in proteins, classification of amino acids (pH based, polarity based and nutrition based physico-chemical properties of

amino acids. Primary, Secondary, Tertiary & Quaternary structure of proteins.

UNIT III

Carbohydrates:Definition, classification, nomenclature of carbohydrates, structures of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.Concept and examples of heteropolysaccharides. Lipid:Types of lipids, structures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, Concept of acid value, saponification value and iodine value. Chemistry of

Porphyrines, Heme, Cytochromes, and Chlorophylls

UNIT IV

Enzymes: Terminology: Active site, allosteric site, Holoenzyme, apoenzyme, coenzyme, substrate, inhibitor, activator, modulator etc. Classification and nomenclature of enzymes. Substrate Specificity (bond specificity, group specificity, absolute specificity, stereo-specificity), lock and key and induced fit models. Enzyme kinetics: Michaelis-Menten equation, effect of substrate concentration, effect of

enzyme concentration, effect of p H and temperature, temperature. Enzyme inhibition kinetics

(reversible inhibition types – competitive, uncompetitive and non-competitive), brief idea of

irreversible inhibition.

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UNIT V

Bioenergetics: Concept of free energy, Entropy, Enthalpy & Redox Potential. Concept of high

energy bonds as related to the structure of ATP, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Creatine phosphate etc.

Glycolysis (pathway, entry of other monosachharides and disaccharides, regulation, inhibitors)

Gluconeogenesis: Bypass reactions. Structure of mitochondria.

Recommended Books :

1. Biochemistry – By Dr. U. Satyanarayana, U. Chakrapani

2. Biochemistry – By J.L. Jain

3. Biochemistry – By Lehninger

4. Biochemistry – By Stryer

5. Biochemistry – By Voet and Voet

6. Biochemistry (Jaypee) – By Vasudevan

7. Textbook of Medical Biochemistry – By S. Ramakrishnan, R. Rajan, and K.G. Prasannan

(Orient Longman)

8. Biochemistry – By K Trehan

9. Biochemical methods – By S.Sadasivam and A.Manickam

10. An introduction to Practical Biochemistry – By T. Plummer

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Question Paper Design and Guidelines to Paper setter (2016-17)

Government College(A) - Rajamahendravaram. B.Sc -I ; Biotechnology ; Semester - 2

Macromolecules- Enzymology And Bioenergetics

Time : 3 Hours Max.Marks : 60

Part -A

4 Essay questions : with internal choice : 4 X 8 = 32 M

Question 1 A or B from Unit I

Question 2 A or B from Unit II

Question 3 A or B from Unit III

Question 4 A from Unit IV & 4 B from Unit V

Part-B

8 Short answer questions 5 X 4= 20 M

Question 5: from Unit I

Question 6: from Unit II

Question 7: from Unit III

Question 8 from Unit IV

Question 9 from Unit V

Question 10 ; Question 11; Question 12 from all 5 units depending

on the weightage of the Unit.

Part- C

4 Very short answer questions 4X2 =8

Question 13 ; Question 14 ; Question 15 ; Question 16.----Covering all 5 units.

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Model Question Paper (2016-17)

Government College(A) , Rajamahendravaram. B.Sc - I ; Biotechnology ; Semester - 2

Macromolecules : Enzymology And Bioenergetics -


Part- A

Answer All the essay questions. . 4 X 8 = 32 M


1.A. Describe in detail the structure of DNA.

Or

B.Write about the forces stabilizing nucleic acid structures.

2.A. Write the classification of proteins.

Or

B.Describe the structure of proteins.

3.A.what are Carbohydrates and classify them with examples and write their importance.

Or

B. Write about the types and structure of lipids.

4.A.Describe the various types of enzyme inhibition.

Or

B. Explain the cycle and regulation of glycolysis.

Part-B

Answer any five short answer questions. 5 X4= 20 M

5. Chargaff‘s rule. 9. Iodine value.

6. Z-DNA. 10. Heteropolysaccharide

7.General structure of aminoacid. 11. Holoenzyme

8. Peptide bond 12. Redox potential.

Answer all very short questions Part -C 4X2=8

13.Hydrogen bond 15. Allosteric site

14. Cytochromes 16. Enthalpy.

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B.Sc -I; Biotechnology ; Semester-2; Practicals Syllabus.

Macromolecules & Enzymology 1.Qualitative estimation of Carbohydrates 2.Qualitative estimation of Amino acids 3.Quantitative Estimation of proteins by Biuret method 4.Estimation of DNA by Diphenylamine method

5.Estimation of RNA by Orcinol method 6.Quantitative estimation of sugars (Dinitrosalicylic acid method). 7.Estimation of glucose by Benedict’s quantitative method 8.Quantitative estimation of proteins by Lowry’s method. 9.Determination of saponification value of Fats 10.Determination of Acid Value of Fats 11.Immobilization of enzymes / cells by entrapment in alginate gel 19. Effect of temperature /

pH on enzyme activity

12.Assay of protease activity. 13.Assay of alkaline phosphatase 14.Preparation of starch from Potato and its hydrolysis by salivary amylase 15.Isolation of urease and demonstration of its activity

* Minimum of Ten practical’s are mandatory

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Practicals - Model Question Paper


B.Sc - I ; Biotechnology ; Semester - 2

Macromolecules & Enzymology

Time : 3 hrs Max . Marks : 75M

1. Estimate the concentration of DNA in the given sample using Orcinol method . 20 M

2. Qualitative / Quantitative estimation of Biomolecules. 15M

3. Spotters (5x5) = 25M


Total 75 M

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B.Sc -II; Biotechnology ;Module-III

Core - III : Biological Chemistry : Theory Syllabus

Total credits: 3 Total Hours: 60

Biomolecules : (30hrs)

Unit I

1. Carbohydrates: Importance, classification and properties

a. Structure, configuration and biochemical importance of monosaccharides (glucose

and fructose)

b. Disaccharides – Structure and biochemical importance of sucrose and trehalose;

Physiologically important glycosides (streptomycin, cardiac glycosides, ouabain)

c. Structure and function of homo polysaccharides – starch, inulin, cellulose and

glycogen; Structure and function of hetero polysaccharides – hyaluronic acid.

2. Proteins: Classification, structure and properties of amino acids

a. Peptide bond – synthesis and characters

b. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins

Unit II

3. Lipids: a. Fatty acids – saturated and unsaturated

b. Triacylglycerols, Sphingolipids, Sterols, Phospholipids (phosphatidic acid,

phosphatidylcholine)

4. Enzymes: Classification and nomenclature; Kinetics of enzyme catalysed reactions

a. Factors influencing enzymatic reactions – pH, Temperature, Substrate

concentration, Enzyme concentration

b. Enzyme inhibition – Competitive and non- competitive

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Intermediary Metabolism : (30hrs)

Unit III

a. Glycolysis

b. Citric acid cycle

c. Gluconeogenesis and its significance

d. Mitochondrial electron transport, Chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis

e. β-Oxidation of fatty acid

f. Deamination, Decarboxylation an transamination reactions of aminoacids

Unit IV

a. Catabolism of amino acids – phenylalanine and tyrosine (phenylketonuria and albinism)

b. Photosynthesis – Light reaction and photophosphorylation

c. Carbon assimilation.

Additional Input:

Biochemical disorders – Phenylketonuria, Alkaptonuria, Haemophilia.

Recommended Books







17. Textbook of Medical Biochemistry – By S. Ramakrishnan, R. Rajan, and K.G. Prasannan

(Orient Longman)

18. Biochemistry – By K Trehan

19. Biochemical methods – By S.Sadasivam and A.Manickam

20. An introduction to Practical Biochemistry – By T. Plummer

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II B.Sc Biotechnology Module-III

Core- III :Biological chemistry

Blue print- 2016-2017

Question Paper Design and Guidelines to Paper setter

Time : 3 Hours Max . Marks : 75

Essay questions : (with Internal choice) 10 X 4 = 40M

4 from - Biomolecules Unit - I & Unit - II

4 from - Intermediary Metabolism Unit – III & Unit – IV

Short notes : 5 X 3 = 15M


4 from - Intermediary Metabolism Unit – III & Unit – IV

Very short notes : 10X2=20M


5from - Intermediary Metabolism Unit – III & Unit – IV

Blueprint

Name of the

Unit

No.of

Essays

No . of

Short

answers

No. of very

short

Answers

Weightage of

Marks

Biomolecules.

Unit – I

Unit – II

4

4

5

4x10=40

4x3=12

5x2=10

Intermediary

Metabolism.

Unit - III

Unit - IV

4

4

5

4x10=40

4x3=12

5x2=10

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Model Question Paper


II B.Sc Biotechnology: Module-III

Core- III Biological chemistry



Section- A

Answer ALL the following Questions 4 X 10 = 40M

1.a)what are Carbohydrates and classify them with examples and write their

importance. (or)

b) Explain in detail about various structural level of protein organization.

2.a) write an essay on classification of lipids (or)

b) Write about kinetics of Enzymes

3.a)Explain various steps involved in citric acid cycle add a note on ATP

synthesis. (or)

b) What is Mitochondrial Electron Transport chain?

4.a) Define Photosynthesis and add a note on light reactions of photosynthesis?

(or)

b) Describe about catabolism of Phenyl alanine

Section—B

Answer any FIVE of the following Questions. 5 X 3 = 15M

5.Structure and Functions of Cholesterol

6.Factors effecting enzymatic reaction

7.- Oxidation of fatty acids.

8.Transamination.

9.Explain the structure and properties of Phospholipids.

10. Structure and Biochemical importance of starch.

11.Glycolysis

12. Deamination

Section-C

Answer ALL of the following Questions 10 X 2 = 20M

13.Lipoproteins 14. Structure of Fructose

15.Cellulose 16.Streptomycine

17.Phospholipids 18.Essential amino acids

19.Gluconeogenesis 20.Decarboxilation

21.Epimers 21.Albinism

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B.Sc -II; Biotechnology ; Module-IV :

Core– IV: Plant Biotechnology And Biophysical Techniques: Theory Syllabus –

Total credits: 3 Total Hours: 60

Plant Biotechnology (30hrs)

Unit I

a. Composition of media(Murashige and Skoog’s and Gamborg’s only)

b. Preparation of media and methods of sterilization

c. Role of Plant growth regulators in differentiation

d. Induction of callus

e. Meristem culture and production of virus free plants

f. Clonal propagation of plants on a commercial scale(Somatic embryogenesis and

organogenesis)

Unit II

g. Mass cultivation of cell cultures and process engineering – batch and

h. continuous cultures, Bioreactors.

i. Production of commercially useful compounds by plant cell culture

j. Methods of gene transfer techniques(Agrobacterium, Microprojectile

k. bombardment)

l. Applications of recombinant DNA technology in agriculture

m. Production of therapeutic proteins from transgenic plants

Additional Input: Medicinal plants for common ailments (Domestic remedies)

Biophysical Techniques (30hrs)

Unit III

a. Microscopy – Light, Inverted, Fluorescent and Electron microscopy

b. Colorimetry – Beer-Lambert’s law

c. UV- VIS Spectrophotometry

d. Chromatography – Paper, Thin Layer, Ion exchange, Gel-filtration

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Unit IV

a. Electrophoresis – Native gels and SDS-PAGE, Agarose

b. Centrifugation and filtration – Basic Principles

c. Dialysis and lyophilization

d. Radio isotopes and their uses in biology

Recommended Books

1. Introduction to Plant Tissue culture – By M.K.Razdan

2. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology – By H.S.Chawla

3. Bioprocess Engineering – By Shuler

4. Plant tissue culture – By Kalyan Kumar De







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II B.Sc Biotechnology : Module-IV

Core- IV : Plant Biotechnology and Biophysical techniques

Blueprint- 2016-2017



Essay questions : (with Internal choice) 10 X 4 = 40M

4 from - Plant Biotechnology Unit - I & Unit - II

4 from - Biophysical Techniques Unit – III & Unit – IV

Short notes : 5 X 3 = 15M

4 from - Plant Biotechnology.Unit - I & Unit - II

4 from - Biophysical Techniques Unit – III & Unit – IV

Very short notes : 10X2=20M

5 from- Plant Biotechnology Unit - I & Unit - II

5from - Biophysical Techniques Unit – III & Unit – IV

Blueprint

Name of the Unit No.of

Essays

No . of

Short

answers

No. of very

short

Answers

Weightage

of Marks

Plant Biotechnology

Unit – I&Unit – II

4

4

5

4x10=40

4x3=12

5x2=10

Biophysical

Techniques

Unit - III&Unit - IV

4

4

5

4x10=40

4x3=12

5x2=10

J



II B.Sc Biotechnology: Module-IV

Core – IV : Plant Biotechnology and Biophysical techniques



Section- – A

Answer ALL of the following Questions 4 X 10=40M

1.a)Give a brief account on plant tissue culture media composition and its sterilization.

(or)

b)Write about Agro bacterium mediated gene transfer technique.

2. a) Applications of r-DNA technology in agriculture. (or)

b)What is an Electron Microscope? Explain their types with applications ?

3. a) Give the working principle, procedure and applications of Gel Electrophoresis?

(or)

b) What is Radioisotopes and their uses in biology?

4. a) Describe about Production of Therapeutic proteins (or)

b) Explain the principle and applications of Ion exchange chromatography

Section-– B

Write Short notes on any FIVE of the following. 5 X 3 = 15M

5.Induction of callus. 6. Paper Chromatography

7.Micro projectile bombardment. 8.Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

9.Batch and continuous culture. 10. Spectrophotometer

11. Bioreactor 12. Dialysis

Section- – C

Answer ALL of the following Questions 10 X 2=20M

13.Explant 14. SDS 15. Organogenesis

16. Colorimeter 17. Transgenic Plant 18. Resolving power

19. TLC 20. Centrifugation 21. Ti plasmid

22. Auxins

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B.Sc -II; Biotechnology ; Practical Syllabus

Core-III & IV

Biological chemistry‚ Plant Biotechnology and Biophysical Techniques

1. Preparation of Normal, Molar and Molal solutions

2. Preparation of buffers (Acidic, Neutral and Alkaline buffers)

3. Qualitative tests of sugars, amino acids and lipids

4. Estimation of protein by Biuret method

5. Estimation of total sugars by anthrone method

6. Separation of amino acid by paper chromatography

7. Electrophoretic separation of proteins (SDS-PAGE)

8. Assay of Amylase activity

9. Preparation of media, and initiation of callus from any one selected plant species

10. Micropropagation of plants(any one)

11. Preparation of synthetic seeds

Practical Model Paper - 2016-2017

Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. B.Sc II; Biotechnology

Core III &IV

Time – 3 hrs Max. Marks: 75

1. Qualitative / Quantitative estimation of Biomolecules 20 M

2. Prepare Plant Tissue culture media. 15 M

3. Spotters (5x5) 25M


Total 75 M

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B.Sc -II; Biotechnology ;General Elective : Syllabus.

Module IV - Nursery And Gardening

UNIT- I

Nursery: definition, objectives and scope and building up of infrastructure for

nursery, planning and seasonal activities - Planting - direct seeding and transplants.

Seed: Structure and types - Seed dormancy; causes and methods of breaking dormancy - Seed

storage: Seed banks, factors affecting seed viability, genetic erosion - Seed production

technology - seed testing and certification.

UNIT- II

Vegetative propagation: air-layering, cutting, selection of cutting, collecting season, treatment

of cutting, rooting medium and planting of cuttings - Hardening of plants - green house - mist

chamber, shed root, shade house and glass house.

UNIT- III

Gardening: definition, objectives and scope - different types of gardening - landscape and home

gardening - parks and its components - plant materials and design - computer applications in

landscaping - Gardening operations: soil laying, manuring, watering, management of pests and

diseases and harvesting.

UNIT- IV

Sowing/raising of seeds and seedlings - Transplanting of seedlings - Study of cultivation of

different vegetables: cabbage, brinjal, lady’s finger, onion, garlic, tomatoes, and carrots - Storage

and marketing procedures.

References:

1. Bose, T.K.&Mukherjee, D., 1972, Gardening in India, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.,

New Delhi.

2. Sandhu, M.K., 1989, Plant Propagation, Wile Eastern Ltd., Bangalore, Madras.

3. Kumar, N., 1997, Introduction to Horticulture, Rajalakshmi Publications, Nagercoil.

J


Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. General Elective

Module IV - Nursery and Gardening

Time:11/2hr Max.Marks:50

Part-I

Answer any THREE questions from the following 3x10=30M

1. Define Nursery and explain its objectives, scope and infrastructure facilities.

2. Write an essay on Vegetative propagation of Plants.

3. Describe about different types of Gardening.

4. Write about cultivation of Tomatoes and Brinjal.

5. Describe about the computer applications in landscaping.

6. Write in detail about seed dormancy and methods to break it.

Part-II

Write short notes on any FOUR of the following 4x5=20M

7. Seed Dormancy

8. Green House

9. Manuring

10. Management of Pests

11. Storage of Vegetables

12. Seed testing @@@@@@@

Blue print

Part-I:

Three questions from Unit I & Unit II

Three questions from Unit lll & Unit IV

Part-II:

Three questions from UnitI & Unit II

Three questions from Unit III & Unit IV

J

Government College (A), Rajamahendravam. B.Sc -III; Biotechnology ; Semester-5.

Molecular biology :Theory Syllabus

Gene and Genome Organization Total Hours : 30

Unit I

Organization of nuclear genome : Genes and gene numbers , essential and non essential genes.

Denaturation and renaturation of DNA -Tm values and Cot curves

Kinetic classes of DNA : Single copy sequences, and repeated sequences, inverted, tandem and

palindromic repeats.

Satellite DNA

Unit II

Mitochondrial genome organization(eg: Human)

Chloroplast genome organization in plants

Organization of Eukaryotic genes : Exons, Introns, Promoters and Terminators.

Gene families and clusters : eg:Globin gene, histones and ribosomal genes.

Gene Expression and Gene Regulation Total Hours : 30

Unit III

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Transcription

Post transcriptional modifications (Capping, Polyadenylation, Splicing and

alternate splicing)

Translation

J

Unit IV

Genetic code and its features, Wobble hypothesis

Synthesis of Polypeptides – Initiation, elongation and termination in

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Regulation of Gene expression in Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Operon concept in Bacteria – Lac Operon.

Additional Input: Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

Recommended Books:

Cell and Molecular Biology – By Roberties & Roberties

Molecular Biology & Biotechnology – By H.D.Kumar

Molecular Biotechnology – By G.R.Glick

Molecular Biology of Gene – By Watson

Microbial Genetics – By S.R.Maloy

Molecular Biology – By David Freifelder

Cell and Molecular Biology – By S.C.Rastogi

J


Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. III B.Sc., Biotechnology Paper – III ; Semester -5.

Molecular Biology


Very short notes : 3 from Gene and Genome Organization. 2 X 6 = 12M

3 from Gene Expression and Gene Regulation .

Short notes : 3 from Gene and Genome Organization . 5 X 3 = 15M

3 from Gene Expression and Gene Regulation .

Essay questions : With choice 12 X 4 = 48M

3 from - Gene and Genome Organization - Unit I & Unit II

3 from - Gene Expression and Gene Regulation. - Unit III & Unit IV

Blue print

Name of the Unit No. of

very

short

Answers

No . of Short

answers

No. of Essays Weightage of

Marks

Gene and Genome

Organization :

Unit – I &

Unit – II

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

Gene Expression and

Gene Regulation

Unit - III

Unit - IV

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

J


Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. III B.Sc., Biotechnology Paper – III; Semester-5

Molecular biology Time : 3 hrs

Max . Marks : 75


Section – A

Answer ALL of the following Questions. 6 X 2 = 12M 1. Gene 4. Promoters

2. Genetic code 5.Denaturation

3. Histones 6.Codon

Section – B

Write Short notes on any THREE of the following. 3 X 5 = 15M 7. Single copy sequences

8. Wobble Hypothesis

9. Inhibitors.

10.Satellite DNA.

11.TM Value

12. Splicing.

Section -– C

Answer any FOUR of the following choosing at least two Questions

from Part – A & Part – B. 4 X 12 = 48M

Part-A

13. Write an essay on Organization of Nuclear Genome.

14. Give an account on Mitochondrial Genome organization.

15. Write an account on organization of Eukaryotic Genes.

Part-– B

16. Write an essay on post transcriptional modifications?

17. Explain Translation process in prokaryotes and what are the steps

involved in it?

18. Describe about Lac operon concept in Bacteria ?

J


B.Sc -III; Biotechnology ; Semester-5.

Advanced : Elective - 1 : Animal Biotechnology :Theory Syllabus

Animal Biotechnology

Unit I

Introduction to Animal Biotechnology

Principles of Animal cell culture.

Culture vessels

Unit II

Cell culture media preparation, Sterilization,types of cultures

Establishment and preservation of cell lines

Explants and cell disaggregation

Unit III

Culture of cells and tissues

Stem cell culture and its application

Invitro fertilization and embryo transfer technology

Unit IV

Methods of gene transfer – Microinjection and viral mediated gene transfer techniques.

Production of transgenic animals and molecular pharming

Principles of Ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy

Additional input: Applications of Animal biotechnology.

Reference Books

1. Animal Cell Culture by Ian Freshney

2. B.D. Singh.

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Advanced : Elective - 1 : Animal Biotechnology :


Blue print

Unit No. of

very

short

Answers

No . of Short

answers


Marks

G

Unit – I &

Unit – II

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

Unit - III

Unit - IV

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

J




Advanced : Elective - 1 : Animal Biotechnology

Time : 3 hrs

Max . Marks : 75


Section – A

Answer ALL of the following Questions. 6 X 2 = 12M

1. Cell line 4. Confluency

2. Explant 5. Contact inhibition

3. Stem cell 6.Fertilization

Write Short notes on any THREE of the following. 3 X 5 = 15M

1. Culture vessel

2. Cell Disaggregation

3. Stem cell culture applications

4. Transgenic animals

5. Microinjection

6. Molecular pharming

Section -– C



Part-A

1. Write the composition , preparation and sterilization of animal cell culture medium.

2. Write an account on establishment and preservation of cell lines

3. Describe invitro fertilization and embryo transfer technology.

Part—B

1. Explain various methods of gene transfer.

2. Write about gene therapy in detail.

3. Write an essay on animal biotechnology.

J

Government College (A)‚ Rajamahendravaram.

B.Sc –III ; Biotechnology ; Semester-5.

Advanced : Elective - 1 : Animal Biotechnology

Practical Syllabus

1. Preparation of animal cell culture media

2. Sterilisation of animal cell culture media

3. Culture of animal cells/tissues

4. Cell disaggregation and cell counting

5. Cytotoxicity of the cells using the dye MTT method



1. Preparation and sterilization of animal cell culture media - 20M

2. Cell counting using Neubauer chamber - 15M

3. Identify and write about the given spotters (5X5) -25M

4. Record & viva voce - 15M

------------

Total 75M

----------

J



Advanced: Elective -2 : Industrial Biotechnology : Theory Syllabus

Industrial Biotechnology

Unit I

Introduction to Industrial Biotechnology

Primary and secondary metabolic products of microorganisms

Screening and isolation and preservation of industrial microorganisms

Unit II

Principles of Fermentation Technology

Commercial production of fuels and chemicals by microbial fermentations

Fermentative production of microbial enzymes(amylases, proteases), and

antibiotics.

Unit III

Fermentative production of foods.

Fermentative production of dairy products.

Animal cells as bioreactors; characteristics of bioreactors,

Unit IV

Expression and over production of targeted proteins – human growth hormones –

production of α and β – interferon, monoclonal antibodies.

Good manufacturing practices, Biosafety issues, Bioethics.

Intellectual Property Rights and Patenting issues.

Additional input: Applications of Industrial biotechnology

Reference Books

1. Biotechnology - By K.Trehan

2. Industrial Microbiology – By L.E.Cadida

3. Elements of Biotechnology – By P.K.Gupta

4. Biotechnology – By R.C.Dubey

5. Biotechnology – By U.Satyanarayana

6. Bioprocess Engineering –By Shuler

J




Advanced :Elective - 2 : Industrial Biotechnology


Blue print

Unit No. of

very

short

Answers

No . of Short

answers


Marks

G

Unit – I &

Unit – II

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

Unit - III

Unit - IV

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

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III B. SC., Biotechnology; semester-5.


Time : 3 hrs

Max . Marks : 75


Section – A


1. Yogurt 4.Biofuel

2. Patent 5.Biosafety

3.Protease 6. Bioreactor

Write Short notes on any THREE of the following. 3 X 5 = 15M 1. Amylase.

2. Primary metabolic product “amino acid”

3. Fermentative production of chemicals.

4. Monoclonal Antibodies.

5. Good Manufacturing Process.

6. Bioethics Section -– C



Part-A

1. Write about screening, isolation and preservation of microorganisms.

2. Write about the fermentative production of antibiotic “Penicillin”.

3. Write in detail about production of human growth hormone, using animal cells as

bioreactors.

Part-– B

1. What is a patent? Write in detail about Intellectual Property Rights.

2. Write the procedure for production of dairy product “cheese”.

3. Enumerate principles of fermentation technology.

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Practical Syllabus

1. Production of Wine using common yeast

2. Production of hydrogen or biogas using cow/cattle dung

3. Isolation of microbes from soil or industrial effluents

4. Production of alcohol by fermentation and estimation of alcohol by colorimetry

5. Growth curves of bacteria, Measurement of growth in liquid cultures



1.Estimate the amount of alcohol in the given fermented sample - 20M

2. Perform Serial dilutiion - 15M



-----------

Total 75M

----------

J

Government College (A)‚ Rajamahendravam. B.Sc -III; Biotechnology ; Semester-6.

Genetic Engineering and Immunology : Theory Syllabus

Recombinant DNA Technology Total Hours : 30

Unit I

Enzymes used in gene cloning : Restriction endonucleases, Ligases, Phosphatases, Methylases,

Kinases.

Cloning vehicles – Plasmids, Cosmids, Phage vectors, Shuttle vectors, Baculovirus vector

system, Expression vectors – expression cassettes

Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries

Unit II

Identification of cloned genes

Principles involved in Blotting Techniques – Southern,Northern and Western

Principles and applications of PCR Technology

DNA finger printing technique and its applications.

Basics of Immunology Total Hours : 30

Unit III

Introduction to immune system – organs and cells of the immune system

Antigens, Haptens – Physico-chemical characteristics

Structure of different immunoglobulins and their functions – primary and secondary antibody

responses

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Unit IV

Antigen – Antibody Reactions

The Major Histocompatibility gene complex and its role in organ transplantation, Generation of

antibody diversity

Hypersensitivity – Coombs classification, Types of hypersensitivity

Autoimmune diseases – mechanisms of auto immunity

Additional input: Molecular markers- RFLP, RAPD- Procedure and Applications.

Reference Books

1. Essential Immunology - By I.Roitt

2. Principles of Gene Manipulation – By R.W.Old & S.B.Primrose

3. Immunology – By Kubey

4. Gene Biotechnology – By Jogdana

5. Gene cloning – By T.A.Brown

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III B.Sc., Biotechnology Paper – III : Semester-6

Genetic Engineering and Immunology


Very short notes : 3 from Recombinant DNA Technology 2 X 6 = 12M

3 from Basics of Immunology.

Short notes : 3 from Recombinant DNA Technology . 5 X 3 = 15M

3 from Basics of Immunology .

Essay questions : With choice 12 X 4 = 48M

3 from - Recombinant DNA Technology - Unit I & Unit II

3 from - Basics of Immunology . - Unit III & Unit IV

Blue print

Name of the Unit No. of very short

Answers

No . of Short

answers

No. of

Essays

Weightage of

Marks

Recombinant DNA

Technology

Unit – I &

Unit – II

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

Basics of Immunology

Unit - III &

Unit - IV

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

J


Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. III B.Sc., Biotechnology Paper – III : Semester-6

Genetic Engineering and Immunology. Time : 3 hrs

Max . Marks : 75


Section – A


1. Ligases 4. Shuttle Vector

2. Cosmid 5.Hapten

3. Precipitation 6.RFLP

Section – B


7. Identification of cloned genes.

8. DNA finger printing technique.

9. Molecular scissors.

10.ELISA.

11.MHC

12. Features of an Antigen

Section– C



Part - A 13. Write an essay on Enzymes used in gene cloning.

14. Write an essay on southern blotting and hybridization technique.

15. Write essay on Principles and applications of PCR.

Part– B

16. Write an essay on structure of different immune globulins and theirfunctions.

17. What are Antigen – Antibody Reactions .

18. Define Hypersensitivity and write about type – I hypersensitivity .

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B.Sc –III ; Biotechnology ; Practical Syllabus

Core-III & IV :Molecular Biology‚ Genetic Engineering and Immunology

(At the end of VI Semester)

1. Isolation of DNA from Plant/Animal/Bacterial cells

2. Analysis of DNA by Agarose gel electrophoresis

3. Restriction digestion of DNA

4. Immuno-diffusion test

5. ELISA Test

6. Microagglutination using microtiter plates(eg:ABO and Rh Blood grouping)

7. Viability tests of cells/bacteria(Evans blue test or Trypan blue test)

8. Coomb’s test

9. Preparation of competent cells of Bacteria

10. Bacterial transformation and selection of transformants under pressure

(antibiotic)


Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram. B.Sc III; Biotechnology

Core-III & IV :Molecular Biology‚ Genetic Engineering and Immunology


1. Perform micro agglutination test using Micro titer plates and determine

the blood group of a given blood sample. - 20 M

2. Isolation of DNA from bacterial cells - 15M

3. Identify and write about the given spotters (5X5) - 25M


____

Total 75 M

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Skill Based :Elective - 1 : Biostatistics and Bioinformatics : Theory Syllabus

Biostatistics and Bioinformatics

Unit I

Concept of Mean, Median and Mode.

Concept of probability, basic laws and its application to Mendelian segregation.

Unit II

Concept of probability ditribution. Binomial and Poisson distributions, Normal

distribution and their application to biology

Concept of sampling and sampling distribution. Concept of test of hypothesis.

Applications of t-test statistics to biological problems/data:

Unit III

Chi-square, statistic applications in biology

Simple regression and correlation. Concept of analysis of variance( one-way

classification)

UnitIV

Introduction to Bioinformatics: Biological Databases – Nucleotide sequence and Protein

databases, their utilization in Biotechnology.

Storage of biological data in databanks, data retrieval from databases and their utilization

Reference Books:

1.Biostatistics – By N. T. J. Bailey

2.Introduction to Bioinformatics – By V Kothekar

3.Fundamentals of Bioistatistics – By Khan and Khanum(Ukaaz Publications)

J





Skill Based :Elective - 1 : Biostatistics and Bioinformatics


Blue print

Unit No. of

very

short

Answers

No . of Short

answers


Marks

G

Unit – I &

Unit – II

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

Unit - III

Unit - IV

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

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Section – A


1. Mean 4. Sequence alignment

2. Median 5. Probability

3. Mode 6. Data Base

Section B


1. Statistic application in biology

2. Write about the concept of sampling and sampling distribution.

3. Write about the concept of test of hypothesis.

4. Write in detail about correlation and explain various types of correlation.

5. Write in detail about biological databases.

6. Write an essay on applications of bioinformatics.

Section -– C


from Part – A & Part – B. 4 X 12

= 48M

Part-A

1. Calculate the mean for individual series 9,7,6,10,12,11.

2. Calculate probability of getting 2 heads on 3 tosses.

3. Alpha particles are emitted by radioactive source at the rate of 3 per ever minute on the

average. The number of particles is distributed according to poissson distribution.

Calculate the probability of getting exactly 5 emissions in one minute. (e = 2.71)

Part—B

4. Assume the mean height of sorghum varieties to be 68.22 inches with a variance of 10.8

inches. How many varieties in a field of 100 varities would you expect to be over 6 feet

tall. Assuming that the height of varieties is normally distributed.

5. In F2 generation, Mendel obtained 621 tall plants and 187 dwarf plants out of the total of

808. Test whether these two types of plants are in accordance with the Mendelian

monohybrid ratio 3:1 or do they deviate from this ratio.

6. Data retrieval 8.Databank

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Practical Syllabus

1. Sampling techniques: Methods of sampling, Choice of sampling, Sampling and Non sampling

errors.

2. Diagramatic representation of data its significance, limitations.

3. Graphic representation of data its significance, limitations.



1. Draw a pie diagram of the following data relating to the areas under cultivation of different

crops in Andhrapradesh. -----20M

Crops Rice Jowar Bajra Maize Wheat

Area in

thousand

hectares

3123

1572

324

296

11

*******************************************

2. Data recorded on chimeric plants inM1 treated material on different varieties of mungbean are

given below. Represent the following data by a line diagram and a bar diagram-----

- 15M

Varieties Frequency

V1 32

V2 45

V3 39

V4 28

V5 22

V6 11

3. Write an essay on sampling techniques -15M 4. Record & viva voce - 15M

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Total 75M ------------

J



Skill Based: Elective - 2 : Environmental Biotechnology : Theory Syllabus

Unit I

Introduction to environmental biotechnology

Renewable and non-renewable energy resources

Microbial analysis of milk, food and water

Unit II

Conventional energy sources and their impact on environment.

Non-conventional fuels and their impact on environment (biogas,bioethanol,microbial

hydrogen production)

Unit III

Microbiological treatment of municipal and industrial effluents

Microbial degradation of pesticides and toxic chemicals

Unit IV

Biopesticides and Biofertilizers(Nitrogen fixing, Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms)

Microbial ore leaching

Intoduction to Bioremediation

Reference Books:

1. Environmental biotechnology – B.D.Singh

J




Skill Based: Elective - 2 : Environmental Biotechnology


Blue print

Unit No. of

very

short

Answers

No . of Short

answers


Marks

G

Unit – I &

Unit – II

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

Unit - III

Unit - IV

3

3

3

3x2=06

3x5=15

3x12=36

J







Section – A


1. MBRT 4. Xenobiotics

2. Minimum probable number 5.Gasohol

3. Botulism 6. Renewable energy source

Section B


1. Renewable energy sources.

2. Conventional energy .sources

3. Biogas

4. Bioremediation

5. Biopesticide

6. Biofertilizer.

Section -– C


from Part – A & Part – B. 4 X 12

= 48M

Part-A

1. Write about non renewable energy sources.

2. Write about non conventional energy sources “bioethanol” and its impact on

environment.

3. Write in detail about microbial analysis of food.

Part—B

4.Describe the treatment of municipal waste.

5. Write about microbial ore leaching

6. Describe the microbial degradation of pesticides.

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Practical Syllabus

4. Estimation of BOD in water samples

5. Production of Biofertilizers(Azolla)

6. Quality testing of Milk by MBRT



1.Estimate the Biological Oxygen Demand for the given water samples - 20M

2. Perform MBRT on the given milk samples - 15M



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Total 75M

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