Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.
-
Upload
neal-short -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
1
Transcript of Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.
![Page 1: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Government, Chapters 11 and
12
The Judicial Branch
![Page 2: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Powers of the Federal Courts!
Initially Courts played a minor role! Chief Justice John Marshal
1801-1835, increased the courts powers
Jurisdiction- Authority to hear casesConcurrent jurisdictionOriginal jurisdictionAppellate jurisdiction
![Page 3: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Developing Supreme Court Power! Marbury v. Madison- judicial
review 1803 McCulloch v. Maryland- implied
powers 1819 Gibbons v. Ogden- commerce
powers 1824
Dred Scott v. Sandford- Shift to State power 1856
![Page 4: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Lower Federal Courts!
94 District CourtsGrand Jury, 16-23 people,
rule to go ahead with charges or not.
Petit Jury, 6-12, hear the case and make a ruling.
80% of all federal cases heard here
Few appealed
![Page 5: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Lower Federal Courts!
12 judicial circuits, Appellate Courts 1 National Court of Appeals
Legislative courtsU.S. court of Federal ClaimsU.S. Tax courtTerritorial CourtsCourt of Veterans’ Appeals
![Page 6: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Selection of federal Judges!Appointed for life
Nominated by the President, Senate confirms.
Party affiliation importantSenatorial courtesy, Senator
from the state being appointed objects to a district judge, no confirmation
![Page 7: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Supreme Court!Has both Original and Appellate
jurisdiction9 Justices today, no amount set in
the Constitution.Duties have developed over time.One assigned to each circuit to
hear appeals
![Page 8: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Supreme court at work!
9 month session, October-June.
Two weeks of hearing casesRender an opinion, written
statements on the decision2000, 8,900 cases
appealed, 83 cases heard
![Page 9: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How cases Reach the Court!
Writ of Certiorari- Order from the court to send up paperwork from lower court.
No reason given for rejecting cases.
Lower decision standsStare Decisis
Solicitor General- Represents the Federal government
Decides to appeal or not.
![Page 10: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
How cases Reach the Court! Selecting Cases
Clerks read petitions and summarize.If chosen by a Justice goes to the
discuss list2/3rds do not make itFriday Conference of Justices to
chooseRule of Four- Four agree to hear a
case it is heard by the court.
![Page 11: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Deciding Major Cases!
Briefs submitted- legal arguments Amicus curiae briefs- Outside
information about the case. Oral Arguments
30 minutes for each side Justices interrupt, question etc.Strict time limitFormally informal
![Page 12: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Deciding Major Cases!
The ConferenceWednesdays and FridaysOnly the nine, no minutes kept
Writing the OpinionUnanimous opinionMajority OpinionConcurring OpinionDissenting Opinion
![Page 13: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Shaping Public Policy! 1. Using Judicial Review
Miranda v. Arizona- police acted unconstitutionally
2. Interpreting the meaning of lawsPGA Tour, Inc. v. Martin
3. Overruling or reversing its previous decisionsPlessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education
![Page 14: Government, Chapters 11 and 12 The Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f2c5503460f94c47265/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Shaping Public Policy!
Limited control over Agenda- Only decides cases that come from elsewhere.
Lack of Enforcement- Executive Branch must support the decision