Government
description
Transcript of Government
![Page 1: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Government
![Page 2: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Why we need government:
• Imagine a society with hundreds of thousands of people and no rules.
http://www.google.com/imgres?start=216&hl=en&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&tbnid=Goz74MUhYRJEXM:&imgrefurl=http://hdw.eweb4.com/out/162573.html&docid=-iRdbE1QH3n0YM&imgurl=http://www.fantazie.nl/images/wallpaper-coloured-chaos-1920.jpg&w=1920&h=1200&ei=tNSKUKGPH-bC2gXvv4C4BA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=537&vpy=610&dur=505&hovh=177&hovw=284&tx=132&ty=110&sig=103936338024215500646&page=7&tbnh=129&tbnw=186&ndsp=36&ved=1t:429,r:36,s:200,i:112
![Page 3: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Without government:
• Life would be chaos. • Who would establish order?• Ensure safety?• Manage/resolve conflict?
http://www.google.com/imgres
![Page 4: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Governments organize societies
• Governments run countries.• Governments make laws.• Governments enforce laws.
![Page 5: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Different governing systems…
• Make and enforce laws in different ways.
![Page 6: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
4 Major types of Government
• Democracy
• Monarchy
• Dictatorship
• Oligarchy
![Page 7: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Democracy
• A democracy is a governing system in which the people of the country take part.
• What do you know about our election process?
![Page 8: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Gettysburg Address- primary source
• “of the people, by the people, for the people”
• Lincoln means a government created by citizens and run by citizens for the good of citizens.
![Page 9: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Democracy
• Citizens in a democracy vote and are free to choose their government leaders.
• What needs to happen for a democracy to work well?
![Page 10: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Answer
• People need to stay informed and participate for a democracy to work well.
![Page 11: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ancient Greece
• Ancient Greeks in the city of Athens formed the first democracy.
• Direct Democracy
• Every citizen who had the right to vote could play a direct role in making every decision.
• How is this different than the U.S.?
![Page 12: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Direct Democracy vs. Representative Democracy
Direct Democracy:– Not every adult was considered a citizen– Everyone who was allowed to vote could play a direct
roleRepresentative Democracy:– Modern day democracy– We vote for a small number of people to represent us
in government. – These elected leaders make laws and decisions for
their citizens.
![Page 13: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
In a democracy…
• Decisions need to be approved by a majority, or most of a group, before the decisions can take effect.
• What is this called?
![Page 14: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Majority Rule:
• Used to elect leaders• Used to make new laws• Based on the idea that the judgment of many
is better than the judgment of a few.
![Page 16: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Democracy is more than a governing system…
• It is a way of life in which an important idea is that all citizens are equal.
• As equals:– All citizens in a democracy have certain rights• Freedom of speech• Freedom of the press• Freedom of religion• Freedom of assemblyIn a democracy, these rights can never be taken away, even by the majority.
![Page 17: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Democracy in practice
• Countries highlighted in blue are designated "electoral democracies" in Freedom House's 2010 survey "Freedom in the World".[23] Freedom House considers democracy in practice, not merely official claims.
![Page 18: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Today
• More than a 140 countries in the world have some form of democracy.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Forms_of_government.svg
![Page 19: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Discussion
• How would you describe democracy?
![Page 20: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Other governing systems
• Most early governments were not democracies.
• What were they?
![Page 21: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Monarchy
• A governing system in which one person rules.
• The word monarchy means “rule by one.”
• In this system a monarch – a king or queen – can make the decisions for all the people.
![Page 22: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
One person rules?
• I want that job! How do I become queen?
![Page 23: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Well, I’m out of luck!
• The position of monarch is usually inherited, which means it is passed down within one family.
![Page 24: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Monarchy
• In some monarchies, the rulers have complete control, or absolute monarchy.
• In others, laws limit their authority. These are called constitutional monarchy.
![Page 25: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
England
• At one time, the monarch of England had authority to rule however he or she chose.
• Then in the year 1215 , the ruler at the time, King John, signed the Magna Carta.
![Page 26: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
England and the Magna Carta
• Listed the rights of England’s upper class• Limited the power of the monarchy
• Today England still has a monarchy, but the monarch’s authority is limited. In addition, England has a democracy with elected leaders who run the country.
• David Cameron
![Page 27: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Dictatorship
• A governing system in which one person claims complete control is a dictatorship.
• The difference between a monarchy and a dictatorship is that dictators do no inherit their authority.
• Former Tunisian President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali is pictured in this April 2008 file photo. A Tunisian court Wednesday sentenced Ben Ali to life in prison.
![Page 28: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Dictatorship
• Dictators often take control of the government, often in a sudden and violent way.
• Former Argentine dictator Jorge Videla listens to the verdict during his trial in a courthouse in Buenos Aires on July 5, 2012.
![Page 29: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Dictatorship
• One of the first dictatorships was in ancient Rome.
• At first, Roman dictators served only briefly during emergencies.
• Later, they refused to give up their control.
• Dictators, like monarchs, often rule until their deaths or until they are overthrown.
![Page 30: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Oligarchy
• In the governing system called an oligarchy, a group of people who are not elected by the citizens controls the country.
• In the ancient Greek city of Sparta the rulers were a group of landowners.
![Page 31: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
China
• Present-day China the group is made up of members of the Chinese Communist party.
• The people in this group share the same ideas about government and work together to spread their ideas.
![Page 32: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Discussion
• How can a country’s government affect the way its people earn a living?
• How would your life change if you were unable to buy goods produced in other countries?
• A look ahead: we’ll be studying basic economy next!
![Page 33: Government](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56815ece550346895dcd5633/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
SummaryTypes of Government Facts
Democracy
Monarchy
Dictatorship
Oligarchy