Good morning, my name is Lesly Smith. I grew up in ... · historical, cultural, and prehistoric...

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Good morning, my name is Lesly Smith. I grew up in Louisiana and it feels great to be back in my home state and enjoy some southern cooking and hospitality. I’ve worked for the Bureau of Land Management for the past 23 years with the last 19 years in recreation and the last four years as the Wyoming state program lead for recreation, transportation, NLCS, youth and volunteer. My presentation today focuses on preserving recreation opportunities and aesthetics while dealing with the impacts of renewable energy development. Before I begin my presentation, I would like to tell you why people and the energy industry are interested in Wyoming. 1

Transcript of Good morning, my name is Lesly Smith. I grew up in ... · historical, cultural, and prehistoric...

Page 1: Good morning, my name is Lesly Smith. I grew up in ... · historical, cultural, and prehistoric places; wild horses, wildlife, and wild remote lands. And wind. Lots of wind. Almost

Good morning, my name is Lesly Smith. I grew up in Louisiana and it feels great to be back in my home state and enjoy some southern cooking and hospitality. I’ve worked for the Bureau of Land Management for the past 23 years with the last 19 years in recreation and the last four years as the Wyoming state program lead for recreation, transportation, NLCS, youth and volunteer. My presentation today focuses on preserving recreation opportunities and aesthetics while dealing with the impacts of renewable energy development. Before I begin my presentation, I would like to tell you why people and the energy industry are interested in Wyoming.

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Yellowstone National Park

first designated national park

Shoshone National Forest

first designated national forest

Devil’s Tower

first designated national monument

First state to allow women to vote (1869)First county public library system (1886)First night lighted football game (1925)First woman governor (1925)

I would like to tell you about Wyoming.

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16 Wild Horse Herd Management AreasLargest desert elk herd in the world

Largest sage‐grouse population in the United StatesLargest pronghorn antelope population in the world

Elk along the Continental Divide NSTWild Horses

#1 in: coal, federal on‐shore oil and natural gas production,bentonite and trona  production, uranium deposits and activity,

and lands with the highest three  categories of wind

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And

1,400 miles  of the most intact segments of the National Historic Trails System

The Lander Field Office contains the most miles of historic trails in Wyoming and includes the Oregon, Mormon Pioneer, California and Pony Express trails, plus the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail.  Approximately 500,000 pioneers traveled west across South Pass during the great overland wagon train migrations.

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Change comes in many different forms – climate, energy development, demographics, and evolving recreation use. When change occurs, our landscapes change as well affecting the way we view and enjoy our public lands.

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• Hunting• Fishing• Boating, floating• Viewing: wildlife, 

wild horses, cultural & historical sites

• Photography• Camping• Winter sports

In 2011, 2.4 million people visited and recreated on Wyoming’s public lands. The management philosophy for Bureau of Land Management administered public lands in Wyoming is to provide wide open spaces and undeveloped recreation opportunities. This includes world class hunting and fishing, camping, photography, river floating, rock climbing, snowmobiling, or experiencing five national historic trails and one national scenic trail. Wyoming public lands offer an abundance of viewing opportunities including historical, cultural, and prehistoric places; wild horses, wildlife, and wild remote lands. And wind. Lots of wind. Almost every day of the year, it is windy some place in Wyoming. Wyoming’s number one industry is energy development while the number two industry is outdoor recreation,predominately made up of hunters and fisherman.

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Implementing the New Energy for America Plan.  

Protecting the integrity of our treasured landscapes, wilderness study areas, national scenic and 

historic trails, other significant trails, and open spaces from the impacts of 

energy development.

There are two challenges facing BLM‐Wyoming today. The first challenge is implementing the New Energy for America Plan. President Obama stated that by 2012, America’s electricity should be 10 percent from renewable energy and 25 percent by 2025. For Wyoming, this means the construction of the largest wind energy farm in the United States with over 1,000 wind towers, related transmission lines, access roads, and associated infrastructure on 100,000+ acres of public lands. This is a priority project on President Obama’s list. 

The second challenge is protecting the integrity of our treasured landscapes, wilderness study areas, national scenic and historic trails, other significant trails, and open spaces from the impacts of energy development.

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Wyoming produces a substantial amount of wind‐generated electricity and the southern corridor is one of the most favorable locations for wind power development in the Nation.

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BLM lands are managed under the concept of “multiple use and sustained yield”, which means we manage activities ranging from wind energy development, oil and gas exploration, mining, grazing, and recreation, along with resources like wildlife, wild horses, sage grouse, cultural resources and scenic quality while trying to balance all of them in a way that keeps the public happy. Let’s take a look at this map of Wyoming. I’ll talk about the wind farms (pink), the Chokecherry Sierra Madre wind farm, and the relationship of wind development with respect to National Scenic and Historic Trails, Wilderness Study Areas, hunting, and other recreation opportunities.

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The Ruckelshaus Institute of Environment and natural Resources at the University of Wyoming conducted a study of open spaces issues in Wyoming and the West over a decade ago. Although the study refers to urban sprawl, the feelings are still relevant today. For Wyoming residents, open space is key to the quality of life by serving as the foundation for Wyoming’s agriculture (wind energy development) and tourism industries and providing recreational opportunities and wildlife habitat protection.

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Another term for scenic values is VRM. And if you aren’t familiar with the term VRM, I’ll give you the definition. (Switch to VRM slide) During the summer of 2010, the BLM hosted five Scenic Values Meetings to discuss the scenic values of Wyoming public lands and to help the public understand which lands the public especially prize for their scenic values. The BLM Rock Springs and Rawlins field offices used these public meetings to gather information for Wyoming’s Visual Resource Management system to assist the BLM in quantifying existing values, establishing goals and objectives and utilizing this information to determine whether a proposed activity (like a wind farm) conforms to the established goals and objectives. BLM looked to the public for their input on what they wanted from their scenic lands across the southern tier of the state. During the meetings, the public indicated where they didn’t want to see oil rigs, wind turbines, transmission lines, communication facilities or roads. They also indicated where the existence of such development wouldn’t bother them as much. They scrutinized maps to find their favorite landmarks, and then assessed photographs depicting different types of developments, using stickers to show how much was too much. This was the first time Wyoming residents had the chance to speak out in a public forum about the scenic areas they value on BLM land. This approach provided a quantitative set of data about what landscapes the local people value and the type of things they wanted to see protected, and where they’re willing to allow visual impact.‐‐‐‐‐‐A Visual Impact Threshold Distance Study is currently being conducted by Argonne National Laboratories. The report is expected to be made public sometime later this year.  The maximum visibility distances for commercial wind turbines in both day‐ and night‐time viewing, and the viewing distances where visual contrast levels become a major factor in creating visual impacts is being studied. They are also preparing a guidebook of Best M t P ti th t ld d i l i t f th iti t ti

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“Taking Improved Actions to Achieve Improved Results.”

A BMP suitable for use in one area, may not be suitable in the next. BMPs are not 

“one size fits all.” BLM uses the best practice to meet the site‐specific needs.

A BMP is Best Management PracticesThey are state of the art mitigation measuresSome are simpleSome involve cutting edge monitoring and production technologiesThey are developed for a variety of programs They are based on an idea

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They have a history of use.They protect resources.They meet Land Health Standards.The cost of implementing BMPs may be more, the same, or may result in cost savings.They avert many of the negative impacts that the public associates with a variety of activities.And because it is the right thing to do!

The BLM in Wyoming applies Best Management Practices (BMP) to mitigate renewable energy developments that impact recreation and visual resources relating to national scenic and historic trails. BMPs are state of the art mitigation measures. Some BMPs are as simple as choosing a paint color that helps facilities blend in with the natural surroundings, while others involve cutting edge monitoring and production technologies. All BMPs are based on the idea that the “footprint” of energy development should be as small and as light as possible.

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Protecting the integrity of our treasured landscapes, wilderness study areas, national scenic and 

historic trails, other significant trails, and open spaces from the impacts of 

energy development.

Managing Challenges and Change: Let’s take a look at the second challenge BLM‐Wyoming is facing today is protecting the integrity of our treasured landscapes, wilderness study areas, national scenic and historic trails, other significant trails, and open spaces from the impacts of energy development.

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Imagine. Let’s take a step back in time. Imagine that you are taking a wagon train ride on the Oregon Trail. You want to relive what the pioneers experienced over 150 years ago. As you ride along you see. 

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A field of wind turbines or transmission lines.  How do you feel? Do the impacts on the landscape affect your experience? What are the federal agencies doing to reduce these impacts to our landscapes? The decisions we make today will affect future generations the opportunity to continue to enjoy these precious landscapes.

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Designation of National Landscape Conservation System in June 2000Decade for the National Trails (2008 – 2018)Six federal agencies sign Memorandum of Understanding in 2006Applying Best Management Practices

In June 2000, National Landscape Conservation System (NLCS) lands were designated to conserve, protect and restore special areas and unique resources. Prized for their cultural, ecological, scientific, educational, wildlife, and aesthetic values, NLCS sites play a critical role in conservation efforts. NLCS sites in Wyoming consist of 1,400 miles of national scenic and historic trails (Oregon, Mormon‐Pioneer, California, Pony Express, Nez Perce, and the Continental Divide) and 42 wilderness study areas. Outdoor recreational opportunities are vital to the quality of life enjoyed by Americans, as well as international visitors.

This is the “Decade for the National Trails” leading to the 50th anniversary of the National Trails System Act in 2018. This Act opened the door to federal involvement in trails of all types, from city centers to remote backcountry. Virtually every trail in the country has benefited from the Act and many trail initiatives over the last 40 years can find their roots in it.

In December 2006, six Federal agencies signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) pledging to work closely together to enhance visitor satisfaction, to coordinate trail wide administration and site‐specific management, to protect resources, to promote cultural values, to foster cooperative relationships, to share technical expertise, and to fund lands and resources associated with the National Trails. These trails offer unmatched quality of life experiences in outdoor recreation, education, scenic transportation, and access to the precious natural and cultural resources that define us as a Nation.

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Let’s take a look at the Lander Field Office achievements in preserving some of the best remnants of our National Historic Trails through the Resource Management Plan process and applying Best Management Practices. 

In 1981, the National Park Service Plan recommended a ½ mile protection corridor as a buffer zone for developments adjacent to NSHTs.1987, Wyoming’s Lander Field Office adopted this standard in their Resource Management PlanIt worked in Lander where not much development took place but not in other areas (Rock Springs and Rawlins) where oil & gas exploration and wind energy developments have increased.Trails became vulnerable in the 1980’s‐1990’s as companies simply placed their wells a little further than ¼ mile from the national historic trails.A breakthrough in the mid‐1990, when the Rock Springs Field Office amended their RMP and managed to get a corridor up to 6 miles wide (3 miles on either side) but for only a 20 mile stretch. AND that’s the way it sat for another decade or so.

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In 2005, the Lander Field Office initiated their RMP Amendment working on a larger buffer zone for four of the National Historic Trails crossing their field office.  In 2010, 70,000 people alone visited the trails around three Mormon Handcart sites and up to 10,000 of these folks actually participate in handcart treks on or near the trail.

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Wind Turbines @ 13 miles

The newest threat to the national historic trails is wind energy. Wind towers are huge and can be seen for miles. Some of which are 400+ feet tall, and industry representatives have relayed that they will be over 500 feet high in a few years. Some towers can be seen up to 20 miles away. When a wind farm is developed, you can have dozens or even hundreds of these towers stretching across the landscapes. Another issue is the large powerlines and pipelines that are associated with wind farms.

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Achieving…..Using the “balanced development” approach by designing corridors (where existing powerlines and pipelines already were) where they could cross the trails. In the end, BLM was able to justify a 10‐mile wide (5 miles on each side of the trail) protection corridor over the national historic trails and part of the continental divide scenic trail managed in Lander. The corridor would protect the intact viewsheds of the trails, and ensure that projects are not allowed unless they

Can be hidden, such as behind hills, orAre too far away to be seen, orAre camouflaged to a high degree.

Their RMP also specified that outside the 5 miles on each side protection corridor, very large developments like wind farms, large gas plants, and powerplants,

Would have to be planned and designed to only affect the historical setting of the trails with a “weak contrast” rating.

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• 175 miles of national historic trails inventoried on the Oregon,Mormon‐Pioneer, California, and Pony Express

• In six states: Wyoming, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, and Arizona

• A GIS database for historic records was created• Historic resources were recorded and documented• High potential route segments & sites were located & verified• Condition assessments were conducted for historic trail 

segments & sites• Identified Inventory Observation Points (IOPs); and• Created visibility analysis for high potential sites, segments, 

and IOPs

And lastly, a two‐year Visual Resource Management (VRM) inventory was conducted using American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (aka ARRA) funds. Inventory Observation Points are points where visual resource and historic landscape data is collected and integrated into our maps.

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1. Collaborate…2. Capture…3. Examine…4. Apply and effect…5. Provide statewide policy…and6. Incorporate results from studies…

1. Collaborate and successfully develop new partnerships, to ensure that future generations of Americans have thye chance to use and experience these incrededible lands just as we do today.2. To capture the value of multiple use landscapes3. To examine innovations in visual resource management, analysis, simulations to move forward progressively.4. To apply and effect in future planning policies to achieve protecting and sustaining recreation opportunities and high potential sites.5. To provide statewide policy for trail protection prescriptions for the BLM and other agencies to use in their efforts to protect National Trails. And6. To incorporate results from studies being undertaken to achieve the protection of resources with high values.

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Wyoming continues today to protect our ever changing landscapes to preserve spectacular views and irreplaceable historic places across the state.

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“You must be the see in the world” Gandhi“You must be the change you want to see in the world.”

Gandhi

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Any Questions?

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