Good design the fundamentals
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Transcript of Good design the fundamentals
GOOD DESIGN – THE FUNDAMENTALS
Graeme Moore BA (hons), Dip TP, MA (Urban Design)
URBAN DESIGN
What is it?
Many ways of interpreting it – my personal favourite being:
The art of making successful places for people
URBAN DESIGN
What is good design?Firmness
Will it last?
Delight
Does it look good?Functionality
Does it work?
URBAN DESIGN
Is this good design?
URBAN DESIGN
Creating a “sense of place”
URBAN DESIGN
Making great places
URBAN DESIGN
Who’s involved?
We’re all urban designers!
“If you are involved with shaping the environment, the way it
looks, feels, and works, then YOU are an urban designer”.
Who are some of the key players…?
URBAN DESIGN
Developers
“A new housing estate would give
many people a chance to enjoy
rural life”
Good at:
Extracting value
Delivering schemes
URBAN DESIGN
Planners
Good at:
Setting strategy
Negotiation
Decision making
Setting the benchmarks
URBAN DESIGN
Architects
Good at:
Designing buildings but
not necessarily places
URBAN DESIGN
Highway Engineers
Big impact
Good at:
Designing roads for traffic
Bad at:
Making humane places
URBAN DESIGN - SCALE
Importance of scale
URBAN DESIGN - SCALE
URBAN DESIGN - SCALE
URBAN DESIGN
Understanding the urban ‘grain’
URBAN DESIGN – URBAN GRAIN
URBAN DESIGN
Making the connections
URBAN DESIGN - CONNECTIVITY
URBAN DESIGN - CONNECTIVITY
URBAN DESIGN
Connectivity - Walkability
URBAN DESIGN - WALKABILITY
URBAN DESIGN - WALKABILITY
URBAN DESIGN
Designing for play
URBAN DESIGN - DESIGNING FOR PLAY
URBAN DESIGN – DESIGNING FOR PLAY
The local example:
URBAN DESIGN - DESIGNING FOR PLAY
URBAN DESIGN – DESIGNING FOR PLAY
URBAN DESIGN
Taming the car
URBAN DESIGN – TAMING THE CAR
Ashford, Kent Ring Road redevelopment
Existing 40mph dual
carriageway removed
Shared surface
implemented;
Accidents reduced by 20%
URBAN DESIGN – TAMING THE CAR
Poynton – Cheshire
Over 30,000 vehicles a day, 6% HGV’s
URBAN DESIGN – TAMING THE CAR
Homezones
URBAN DESIGN – LIBERATING THE STREETS
URBAN DESIGN
Fighting the Philistines…
URBAN DESIGN - Creative Lighting
URBAN DESIGN – Public Art
Making the case for good
design
Making the case for
good design
THINKING IT THROUGH: Character
Sense of place
THINKING IT THROUGH: Character
Architectural quality
THINKING IT THROUGH: Roads, Parking &
Pedestrianisation
Car parking in the street scene
THINKING IT THROUGH: Roads, parking and
pedestrian environment
Appropriate street design
THINKING IT THROUGH: Roads parking and
pedestrian environment
Overlooked public space
THINKING IT THROUGH: Design & Construction
Well-designed public space
THINKING IT THROUGH
And one final thing:
Good buildings, turn corners!
THINKING IT THROUGH
The humble house extension
THINKING IT THROUGH - EXTENSIONS
THINKING IT THROUGH - EXTENSIONS
THINKING IT THROUGH - EXTENSIONS
URBAN DESIGN
It’s all about the economics, stupid!
MAKING THE CASE FOR GOOD DESIGN
Research by North West RDA (2011): - economic
benefits of good design;
68% believed that good design was important / very
important;
74% believed that good design adds value in terms of
increased rents and capital values;
74% said that good design would be a determining
factor in attracting companies to an area.
48% said that good design would be a very important
factor in attracting investment and funding
MAKING THE CASE FOR GOOD DESIGN
...but there is a body of resistance
At least one senior adviser has advised Government
that:
Schools only need to be, ‘good enough’; and
Good design is a ‘burden’ on developers
Frankly, this kind of thinking is not good enough.
MAKING THE CASE FOR GOOD DESIGN
MAKING THE CASE FOR GOOD DESIGN
Main conclusions
There is strong evidence that economic, social and
environmental returns increase with better design
An increase of up to 20% in rental and capital value can
be added by good urban design
Increased quality speeds up the lettings and sales rates of
a scheme
Quality design generally reduces the whole life costs of a
building or space
Good urban design helps to stimulate the wider
regeneration of an area and improve its image
Substantial costs are often associated with poor urban
design
BENEFICIARIES OF GOOD DESIGN
Investors•Greater security of investment
•Higher rental returns
•Increased asset value on which to
borrow
•Reduced running costs
•Better re-sale values
•Higher-quality longer-term tenants
Developers
• Quicker permissions
• Increased public support
• Higher sales values
• Distinctiveness
• Increased funding potential
• Better reputation
Occupiers
• Reduced costs on energy
usage and major repairs
• Happier workforce
• Better productivity
• Increased business
confidence
• Fewer disruptive moves
• Greater accessibility to
other uses / facilities
• Increased prestige
Local Authorities
• Regenerative potential
• Reduced time spent on
reactive planning
• Reduced public expenditure
on crime
prevention and urban
management
• More time for pro-active
planning
• Increased economic
viability for neighbouring
uses
• Increased local tax revenue
Wider Community
• Better security and less crime
• Increased cultural vitality
• Better quality of life
• More inclusive public space
• Greater civic pride
• Higher property prices
ADVANTAGES OF GOOD DESIGN. WHAT THE
PROPERTY AGENTS SAID:
• “It’s what attracts people to a property in the first place.”
• “Extremely important to saleability.”
• “Even more important now, the most important thing is getting
someone interested.”
• “At times like this, design is something that can be used as a
real selling feature.”
• “Character of the area is important.”
• “Space and layout is crucial.”
• “Well-designed properties are the only ones that are moving at
the moment.”
• “Impression is important with offices.”
• ‘People are looking for something with character and good
space for money.”
URBAN DESIGN
Raising the bar – how, what, why?
RAISING THE BAR
RAISING THE BAR
How do you begin to improve quality?
Design Guides;
Urban Design Frameworks;
Design Codes;
Building for Life;
Initiatives and awards;
Design Review; and
SketchUp!
DESIGN GUIDES
What can they do?
Support planning
policy;
Facilitate collaboration;
Express vision;
Set design standards;
and
Indicate next steps
DESIGN GUIDES
Policy
Set a framework for
urban design;
Provide a framework
for development
management;
Contribute to a review
of plans and policies
DESIGN GUIDES
Collaboration
Reflect views;
Provide a basis for
dialogue;
Save time;
Establish a
consensus
DESIGN GUIDES
Vision
Express a coherent
vision;
Provide a degree of
certainty;
Create greater
awareness
Provide a basis for
valuing sites
DESIGN GUIDES
Design Standards
Describe/illustrate urban
form;
Provide info on standards;
Inspire better architecture;
Educate.
URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS
What are they?
A bridge between policy
and implementation;
Illustrates how policies and
principles should be
implemented
Why?
Help deliver change across
a wide area; and
Give confidence.
URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS
Content can range from a
whole town, to an area or
specific site;
Important to explain what
they are trying to achieve;
Frameworks sit above and
inform;
Masterplans;
Design Codes; and
Site Briefs
URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS
The local example:
Wakefield Kirkgate
Aims
Improve Connectivity;
Improve the public
realm; and
Support high quality new development.
DESIGN CODES
What are they? Design codes improve design
quality, tying down ‘must have’
design parameters;
ensure consistency (and where
appropriate differentiation) in the
delivery of key site-wide design
principles between development
phases;
greater certainty about outcomes
and certainty to developers about
the process;
bring key stakeholders together.
DESIGN CODES
Why?
secure higher (sustainable)
design quality;
to deliver more consistent
outcomes of long-term
projects;
and to provide a more
effective planning process,
through expedited reserved
matters processes,
swifter permissions for those
who comply, and by offering
greater certainly for
developers.
DESIGN CODES
How?
Local Authorities/Public
Bodies (HCA);
Landowners;
Derwenthorpe, York
Newhall, Harlow, Essex
Public/Private Partnership
East Kettering, Kettering BC
Prince of Wales, Pontefract
DESIGN CODES – PRINCE OF WALES
DESIGN CODES – PRINCE OF WALES
DESIGN CODES – PRINCE OF WALES
DESIGN CODES – PRINCE OF WALES
DESIGN CODES – PRINCE OF WALES
BUILDING FOR LIFE
Building for Life 12 (BfL
12) is the industry
standard for the design of
new housing
developments.
BUILDING FOR LIFE
Anyone can use it;
20 Questions replaced
with a traffic light system;
Green shows the question
has been addressed;
Red identifies aspects that
need to change;
Amber where there is clear
evidence of local
constraints
BUILDING FOR LIFE
3 Key Themes:
Integrating into
Neighbourhoods;
Creating a place; and
Street & Homes
4 Questions in each theme.
BUILDING FOR LIFE
Integrating into
neighbourhoods:
Connections?
Facilities & services?
Public transport
Meeting local housing requirements.
BUILDING FOR LIFE
Creating a place:
Character;
Working with the site and
its context;
Creating well defined
streets and spaces; and
Easy to find your way
around.
BUILDING FOR LIFE
Street & home:
Streets for all;
Car parking;
Public and private spaces
External storage and amenity space.
BUILDING FOR LIFE
“Homes that sell for the highest
amount and quicker than others
have great kerb appeal. Built for
Life schemes have this special
kerb appeal. The streets and
homes are better arranged -
they are better designed laces
and will sell better in the future
on the second hand market”
Mike Fallowell FRICS, Co-
founder, Newton Fallowell.
DESIGN AWARDS & INITIATIVES
The benefits of running an awards scheme
are that they are extremely useful for: Celebrating good design: raising the profile of existing good
design highlights work which should be brought to a wider
audience for its excellence.
Encouraging good design rewarding good schemes sets
benchmarks for future work, encouraging others to match or
exceed them.
Promoting good design for everyone – professionals,
clients, planners, funders, and the public – should be able to
understand the benefits of good design, and this is often
best demonstrated by using successful examples.
DESIGN REVIEW
Design review is a tried
and tested, well respected,
independent peer-review
system that aims to
improve the design quality
of new developments and
speed up the planning
process.
DESIGN REVIEW
SKETCHUP
A 3D modelling
programme originally from
Google.
Can be used at varying
scales
Useful planning tool.
Sheffield, Manchester (via
ARUP), Leeds (via ARUP)
and NewcastleGateshead
have their entire cities in
3D form.
Revenue Stream?
BIG RISK’S, BUT BIGGER REWARDS
A CREATIVE OPPORTUNITY
FIN/FINITO/THE END
Thank You