Good Afternoon!! What do you know about the following?!? WRITE IT DOWN!!! 1.Cuneiform 2.PERSIA...
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Transcript of Good Afternoon!! What do you know about the following?!? WRITE IT DOWN!!! 1.Cuneiform 2.PERSIA...
Good Afternoon!!Good Afternoon!!
What do you know about the following?!?What do you know about the following?!?
WRITE IT DOWN!!!WRITE IT DOWN!!!
1.1.CuneiformCuneiform
2.2.PERSIAPERSIA
3.3.MesopotamiaMesopotamia
4.4.HammurabiHammurabi
5.5.Tigris and Euphrates RiversTigris and Euphrates Rivers
Ancient Egypt
Fertile Nile River
Impact of Climate• arid climate =
• hot sun =
• large deserts =
• dry climate =
oil skinmake –up for sun protection and black paint to cut glare
obstacles to invaders
must irrigate crops
Political Organization
• pharaoh =• pharaohs had absolute power and
owned all land; however, they were expected to behave morally and were judged on good deeds.
• theocracy = • pharaoh stood at center of religion,
government, and army
government run by religious leaders
god-king
Economic System• traded agricultural surplus: wheat barley (from Nile
which provided silt)• mining of large mineral deposits of copper which
used for bronze tools. Gold and copper were mined by slaves which greatly enriched the royal treasury.
• had enough economic strength to support massive public works = Construction projects
financed by the government for the benefit and use of its citizens
Religion• polytheistic• Akhenaton forces Egyptians to worship one god (monotheism) temporarily• king believed to rule even after death; therefore, tomb more important than earthly palace
belief in many gods
Preparations for the Underworld
Preparations for the Underworld
Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit
Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit
ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather.
ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather.
1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense
1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense
Materials used in Mummification**all classes planned for their burials**
Preparation for Afterlife
Egyptian MummiesEgyptian Mummies
Seti I1291-1278 B.
C. E.
Seti I1291-1278 B.
C. E.Queen Tiye,
wife of Amenhotep II
1210-1200 B. C. E.
Queen Tiye, wife of
Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B.
C. E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B.
C. E.
Journey to the Underworld
Journey to the Underworld
A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh
in his tomb.
A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh
in his tomb.
The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.”The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.”
Egyptian Book of the Dead
Egyptian Book of the Dead
The Final JudgementThe Final Judgement
Anubis Horus Osiris Anubis Horus Osiris
slaves
Egyptian Social Hierarchy
Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Thutmose III
1504-1450 B. C. E.
Thutmose III
1504-1450 B. C. E. Ramses II
1279-1212 B. C. E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B.
C. E.
Tutankhamon
1336-1327 B. C. E.
Tutankhamon
1336-1327 B. C. E.
Egyptian Priestly ClassEgyptian Priestly Class
Egyptian ScribeEgyptian Scribe
Inventions / Innovations• hieroglyphics
• originally pictographs, but eventually pictures represented words as well as sounds
• calendar developed (365 days and 12 months)• hieroglyphics written on papyrus – •
• Math:– system of written numbers
• Science:– Set broken bones– Surgery– checked pulse
for economic, royal, and administrative info.
a paper-like writing material created from the papyrus plant that grows on the banks of the Nile.
Hieroglyphics “Alphabet”Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic
symbols 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic
symbols
Papyrus PlantPapyrus Plant
Hieratic Scroll PieceHieratic Scroll Piece
Papyrus => paper
Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship
Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship
11 1010 100100 10001000 10,00010,000 100,000100,000 1,000,0001,000,000
What number is this?
What number is this?
Architecture• Pyramids – tombs for pharaoh's afterlife• built by peasants when Nile was flooded (not slaves)
Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara
Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara
“Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu
“Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu
Giza Pyramid ComplexGiza Pyramid Complex
Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu
Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu
Ancient Egyptian Housing
Ancient Egyptian HousingMiddle Class
HomesMiddle Class Homes
Peasant Homes
Peasant Homes
Scenes of Ancient EgyptianDaily Life
Scenes of Ancient EgyptianDaily Life
Making Ancient Egyptian WineMaking Ancient Egyptian Wine
An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves”
An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves”
PerfumePerfume
WhigsWhigs
MirrorMirror
Champollion & the Rosetta Stone
Champollion & the Rosetta Stone
Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)
Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)
King Tutankhamun’s Tomb
King Tutankhamun’s Tomb
Treasures From Tut’s Tomb
Treasures From Tut’s Tomb