Good Afternoon R.Sumathi, Professor & Head, Department of CSE(P.G), J.J.College of Engg. & Tech.,...

Good Afternoon

R.Sumathi , Professor & Head, Department of CSE(P.G), J.J.College of Engg. & Tech., Trichirappalli

Prof.R.Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P.G), J.J.C.E.T.

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CLOUD COMPUTING

(Common Location independent On-line Utility provisioned On-Demand Computing)


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LATEST TREND


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Presentation Road Map

Cloud computing Characteristics of Cloud computing Evolution of Cloud computing Cloud anatomy Benefits of Cloud computing Issues and Challenges in Cloud computing


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Classical Computing

Buy & Own Hardware, System

Software, Applications often to meet peak needs.

Install, Configure, Test, Verify, Evaluate

Manage Finally, use it $$$$....$(High

CapEx)

Cloud Computing Subscribe Use

-Pay for what you use, based on QoSE

very

18 m

on

ths?


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CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud is a Smart, Complex, Powerful computing systems in the sky (internet) that people can just plug into ( On Demand). – Resource Sharing.


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“Cloud computing refers to computing on the Internet, as opposed to computing on a desktop.”

“Cloud is a market-oriented distributed computing system consisting of a collection of inter-connected and virtualised computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements (SLAs) established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers.”


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CLOUD COMPUTING

Transforming a world wide network of computers into the largest single virtual computer.

Pool of resources available across the internet.

Cloud originate? Virtualization -1960s, 1990s, 2000s – abstracting resources for

efficiency and availability Grid computing- 1990s, late 1990s – Collective harvesting of

computer resources Software as a Service (SaaS) - late 1990s – hosting of

software in a centralized fashion with access and licensing provided on-demand

Web Services (WS)- late 1990s – standards-based messaging integration technology

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)- early 2000s – connecting service providers and consumers in a distributed fashion across ownership domains

Autonomic Computing & Data centre Utility Computing, Multi core processors


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Underlying Components


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CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Reliability Scalability Elasticity Faster startup time Reduced management cost Just-In-Time availability of

resources (On-demand Service)

Characteristics of Clouds

Autonomic

Elastic

Market Oriented

(Pay As You Go)

Virtualized

Service Oriented

Dynamic(& Distributed)

Shared(Economy of Scale)

CloudComputing

Conventional Data Centre


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Cloud Approach


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Cloud to expand (lease more resources) with increase in demand

DispatcherVM

MonitorService Request

Monitor

Pricing Accounting

Service Request Examiner and Admission Control

- Customer-driven Service Management- Computational Risk Management- Autonomic Resource Management

Users/Brokers

SLAResource Allocator

Virtual Machines

(VMs)

Physical Machines


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Cloud to shrink (unlease resources) with decrease in demand

DispatcherVM

MonitorService Request

Monitor

Pricing Accounting

Service Request Examiner and Admission Control

- Customer-driven Service Management- Computational Risk Management- Autonomic Resource Management

Users/Brokers

SLAResource Allocator

Virtual Machines

(VMs)

Physical Machines


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CLOUD COMPUTING


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Evolution of Cloud Computing


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High performance computing

A branch of computer science that concentrates on developing supercomputers and software to run on supercomputers.

A main area of this discipline is developing parallel processing algorithms and software: programs that can be divided into little pieces so that each piece can be executed simultaneously by separate processors.

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HPC requires specialized software and hardware development and support to build and manage a supercomputer.

Cloud computing is an operational model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

HPC Vs CLOUD


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Virtualization

The term virtualization broadly describes the separation of a resource or request for a service from the underlying physical entity.

Virtualization lets a single physical resource (such as server, OS, application or storage device) appear as multiple logical resources; or making multiple physical resources (such as storage devices or servers) appear as a single logical resource.


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Benefits of Virtualization

Running heterogeneous and conflicting environments

Isolation

Fully utilize hardware resources

Manageability

Reduced Power requirements

Reduced ownership cost


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Virtualization


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Hardware Full virtualization Paravirtualization Desktop Storage Network

Types of Virtualization


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Benefits of virtualization

Fully utilize hardware resources

Running heterogeneous environments

Isolation

Reduced Power requirements

Reduced ownership cost

Cluster Computing

High performance, massively parallel computers built

primarily out of commodity hardware components,

running a free – software operating system such as

Linux or Free BSD and interconnected by a private high

speed network.

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Cluster Computing High performance,

massively parallel computers are interconnected by a private high speed network.

Connected to the outside world through only a single node.


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Scheduler


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Distributed Computing

Techniques learned in high-performance and cluster based distributed computing to utilize the vast processing cycles at users desktop.

The tasks are broken down into smaller subtasks and distributed over the internet for processing.

After completion of the task the central server aggregates the information and compiles the result.

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Service Oriented Architecture

Grid Computing Grid Computing enables virtual organizations to share geographically distributed resources as they pursue common goals, assuming the absence of central location, central control and an existing trust relationship

Virtual organization can be large or small, static or dynamic

Resource is an entity to be shared that can be computational or storage resource

Sensors and bandwidth are also used in the virtual organization

In grid environment the resources do not have prior information about each other nor do they have pre- defined security relationships

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Grid Computing---Definition

Computing grids are geographically separated computers or computer clusters that share applications, data and computational resources by forming VO.

The term grid comes from electricity utility companies, which use a grid architecture in their power distributionsystems.


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Difference between GRID & CLUSTER Computing

Grids and clustering both share resources across multiple machines.

Grids, are different because they allow "distributed resource management of heterogeneous systems."

With grids you can quickly add and subtract systems—without regard for location, operating system or normal purpose—as needs dictate. Clusters are built from the ground up to function as a single pool of compute power and consequently aren't as flexible.


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Grid Computing Architecture Model

Application

Fabric“Controlling things locally”: Access to, & control of, resources

Connectivity“Talking to things”: communication (Internet protocols) & security

Resource“Sharing single resources”: negotiating access, controlling use

Collective

“Coordinating multiple resources”: ubiquitous infrastructure services, app-specific distributed services

Internet

Transport

Application

Link

Inte

rnet P

roto

col

Arch

itectu

re


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Utility Computing

More related to cloud computingApplications, storage, computing power

and networkRequires cloud like infrastructurePay by the drink model

Similar to electric service at homePay for extra resources when neededBetter economics

Cloud Anatomy Application Services(services on demand)

Gmail, GoogleCalender Payroll, HR, CRM etc

Platform Services (resources on demand) Middleware, Integration, Messaging, Information,

connectivity etc AWS, IBM Virtual images, Boomi, CastIron, Google

Appengine

Infrastructure as services(physical assets as services) Eucalyptus, OpenNebula, Nimbus, IBM Blue house,

VMWare, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure Platform, Sun Parascale and more


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Cloud Architecture


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Cloud Computing - layers

Layers Architecture


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Cloud Computing Service Layers


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• Eucalyptus - University of California • Nimbus - Globus alliance • Open Nebula- DSA Research, Spain • Hadoop - Apache • BigTable - Google • Reservoir - European Union FP7 (associated

with OpenNebula) • OpenQRM - IaaS • Cloudloop - Open-Source Cloud Storage API and Management • Jboss - Red Hat - 1 API for clouds • UEC - Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud- Ubuntu +

Eucalyptus

Various Cloud Middleware


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Cloud Model

Benefits of Cloud computing Encompasses

IIAS, PAAS, SAAS Dynamic provision of services/resource pools in a co-

ordinated fashion On demand computing – No waiting period Location of resource is irrelevant

Applications run somewhere on the cloud Web applications fulfill these for end user However, for application developers and IT

Allows develop, deploy and run applications that can easily grow capacity(scalability), work fast(performance), and offer good reliability

Without concern for the nature and location of underlying infrastructure

Activate, retire resources Dynamically update infrastructure elements without

affecting the business


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CLOUD

Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial

Cloud Middle WareStorage Provisioning

OSProvisioning

NetworkProvisioning

Service(apps)Provisioning

SLA(monitor), Security, Billing, Payment

Services Storage Network OS

Resources


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What is as a service?

“as-a-service” is extensively used, which simply means that a given cloud product (whether infrastructure, platforms or software) is offered in a way that it can be “rented” by consumers over the Internet on payment basis.


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Public, Private and Hybrid clouds


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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

ISSUES• Privacy• Criticism• Legal• Open source• Open standards• Security• Sustainability• Abuse

CHALLENGES To provide self-healing High security Service level

agreement Allow multi-tenancy Service oriented Support virtualization


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SECURITY CHALLENGES

Infrastructure security- Network level- Host level - Application level

Data security- Provide security to end users’ data.

Identity and access management- Authentication- Authorization- Auditing


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Cloud Environment Providers

Eucalyptus (Elastic Utility Computing Architecture Linking Your Programs To Useful Systems )

Amazon Web ServicesGoogle App Engine


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Top 8 Cloud Computing Companies


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Cloud Applications

•Scientific/Tech Applications•Business Applications•Consumer/Social Applications

Science and Technical Applications

Business Applications

Consumer/Social Applications


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Computing clouds are changing the whole IT , service industry, and global economy. Clearly, cloud computing demands ubiquity, efficiency, security, and trustworthiness.

Cloud computing has become a common practice in business, government, education, and entertainment leveraging 50 millions of servers globally installed at thousands of datacenters today.

Private clouds will become widespread in addition to using a few public clouds, that are under heavy competition among Google, MS, Amazon, Intel, EMC, IBM, SGI, VMWare, Saleforce.com, etc.

Effective trust management, guaranteed security, user privacy, data integrity, mobility support, and copyright protection are crucial to the universal acceptance of cloud as a ubiquitous service.

Conclusions:


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Cloud articles

http://blogs.zdnet.com/Hinchcliffe/?p=488&tag=btxcsim

http://blogs.zdnet.com/Howlett/?p=558&tag=btxcsim

http://blogs.zdnet.com/BTL/?p=9560&tag=btxcsim http://www.businessweek.com/technology/

content/aug2008/tc2008082_445669_page_3.htm http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/

techjournal/0904_amrhein/0904_amrhein.html http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/


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THANK YOU

Good Afternoon R.Sumathi, Professor & Head, Department of CSE(P.G), J.J.College of Engg. & Tech.,...

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