Goal: To provide you with the knowledge and skills to manage fatigue-related risk 1.The causes and...
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Transcript of Goal: To provide you with the knowledge and skills to manage fatigue-related risk 1.The causes and...
TLIF2010AApply Fatigue Management Strategies
Traffic Control Room Operators
Training Outline
Goal: To provide you with the knowledge and skills to manage fatigue-related risk
1. The causes and consequences of fatigue2. Fatigue management. How to manage operator and individual
obligations3. Personal fatigue management strategies
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Causes and Consequences of Fatigue
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Module One
A state of physical or mental weariness that results in reduced alertness
The result of lack of adequate sleep
A sleep debt that accumulates until paid off with adequate sleep
What is Fatigue ?
What are some conditions that make you feel particularly tired or fatigued at
work?
Discussion
Potential Causes of Fatigue
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Fatigue can be caused by work-related factors, factors outside work and/or a combination of both, and may
accumulate over time.
Causes of Fatigue
Fatigue can be the result of variety of factors:
The body’s natural rhythmsWork scheduleType of taskWork environmentNon work-related issues
What are some potential work-related factors that can cause
Fatigue? Roster Patterns Length of shifts
Poor work scheduling and planning Length of time worked
Timing of shifts (e.g night shift) Insufficient recovery time between shifts
Long periods of time awake Harsh environments/conditions
Type of work being undertaken (i.e continual monitoring)
Mentally or physically demanding work
Inadequate rest breaks
The Body Clock Known as circadian rhythms
Operates on a 24-hour cycle
Makes you sleepy when it’s dark and awake when it’s light
Controls a variety of body functions:
Sleepiness
Digestion
Hormone production
Body temperature
Circadian Rhythms
Tem
p o C
0600 0900 1200 1500 1800 2100 0000 0300 0600
36.4
36.6
36.8
Core body temperature across a
24-hour period
SleepHave you ever fallen asleep while you were at work?
If you answered YES you are among the 33% of shift workers who have done the same according to a recent National Sleep Foundation Study
Most people need between 7 and 9 hours per day
It’s not true that you need less sleep as you get older
When you sleep makes a difference in how much you get
Sleep is best obtained in a single block
Sleep Cycles
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 1
REM sleep
Stage 4Stage 3
90 to 120 min.
Stage 2
When you sleep, you cycle through five different sleep stages
What do you believe are some of the effects of fatigue?
Discussion
A Serious Safety HazardThe effects of fatigue on health and work performance can
be short term and long term. Short-term effects on an individual include impaired work performance, such as the
reduced ability to:
Concentrate and avoid distraction
Think laterally and analytically
Remember and recall events and their
sequences
Make decisions
Maintain vigilance
Control emotions
Appreciate complex situations
Recognise risks
Coordinate hand-eye
movements
Communicate effectively
Slow reaction
timeIncrease the likelihood of
accidents and injuries
BEING FATIGUED CAN MAKE YOU A RISK TO YOURSELF, YOUR CO-WORKERS, AND THE PUBLIC
As Dangerous as Alcohol
After 17 hours awake, you may be as impaired as if you were legally drunk to drive (0.05).
Fatigue has an impact outside of work.Studies have found that shift workers are more likely to suffer from: Irritability, stress, anxiety, and depression gastrointestinal problems cardiovascular illnesses reproductive problems
Consequences for Health
Working shifts can make you feel socially isolated , your working while others have fun It can take heavy toll on family:
- less involved in daily life- harder to organise domestic chores
- difficulty arranging childcare- higher risk of divorce
You may be tempted to choose social or family activities over sleep.
Family & Social Life
One of the most dangerous things you can do while fatigued is drive
You may be driving during the very times that your body most wants to sleep
Nightshift workers are 4 to 7 times as likely to have an accident driving home
Commuting
Fatigue Management
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Module Two
Fatigue Management involves:
Policies/responsibilities
Risk assessment
Hazard controls/action plans
Training and education
Ongoing review and improvement
Fatigue Management
Joint Responsibility for Fatigue
Organisational Responsibilities Employee Responsibilities
Work-related
Hours of work
Workload & environment
Non work-related
FATIGUE
Situation & lifestyle
Medical disorders
Employer ResponsibilitiesEmployers have the primary duty under the WHS ACT to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that workers and other persons are not exposed to health and safety risks arising from the business or undertaking.
Preventing & managing fatigue – A step by step process
STEP 1 Identify hazards that can contribute to fatigue
STEP 2 Assess the risks of these hazards
STEP 3 Implement and maintain risk control measures
STEP 4 Review the effectiveness of the control measures
Employee ResponsibilitiesYou have a duty to take reasonable care for your own safety and health and fellow workers. Workers must comply with reasonable instruction and cooperate with workplace policy and procedures relating to fatigue at the workplace
To reduce the risk of being involved in a work incident caused by fatigue, you should:
comply with your organisation’s policies and procedures relating to fatigue understand your sleep, rest and recovery needs and obtain adequate rest and sleep away from work
seek medical advice and assistance if you have or are concerned about a health condition that affects your sleep and/or causes fatigue
assess your own fitness for work before commencing workmonitor your level of alertness and concentration while you are at work look out for signs of fatigue in the people you work with
Employee ResponsibilitiesIn consultation with your supervisor, take steps to manage fatigue, for example: take a break or short nap (night shift), maintain hydration (drink water), do some stretching or physical exercise, adjust the work environment (lighting, temperature)
Talk to your supervisor or manager if you foresee or experience being impaired by fatigue likely to create a health and safety risk
Example: Because of a health condition, excessive work demands or personal circumstances
Assess your fatigue levels after work and take suitable commuting and accommodation options (e.g. avoiding driving if fatigued).
Hazard Control Measures
Level 1 Controls
Sleep Opportunity
Level 1 controls are proposed to make sure you get enough sleep off between shifts to get enough sleep
Work schedules are evaluated according to: length and timing of shiftsLength and timing of breaks Number of shifts worked in a rowNumber of days off between shiftsOvertime shifts
Level 1 Controls
Sleep Opportunity
Fatigue Likelihood Scoring Matrix for Work Schedules
0 points 1 point 2 points 4 points 8 points
a) Total hours per 7 days ≤ 36 hours 36.1 – 43.9 44 – 47.9 48 – 54.9 55+
b) Maximum shift duration ≤ 8 hours 8.1 – 9.9 10 – 11.9 12 – 13.9 ≥ 14
c) Minimum short break duration
≥ 16 hours 15.9 – 13 12.9 – 10 9.9 – 8 ≤ 8
d) Maximum night work per 7 days
0 hours 0.1 – 8 8.1 – 16 16.1 – 24 ≥ 24
e) Long break frequency ≥ 1 in 7 days ≤ 1 in 7 days ≤ 1 in 14 days ≤ 1 in 21 days ≤ 1 in 28 days
Level 1 Controls
Fatigue Likelihood Scores
0 20105 30
Monday – Friday / 38 hours
12 hour shifts / 4 days on, 4 off
12 hour shifts, 7 nights
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Level 2 Controls
Sleep Obtained
Level 2 controls are intended to determine whether employees actually got the sleep they needed
Identifies employees who fail to get sufficient sleep
Provides a procedure to report fatigue to a supervisor or
manager
Outlines clear steps to take when an employee makes a
fatigue report
Level 2 Controls
Fatigue Likelihood Score
Prior sleep factor Threshold Value Score
X (sleep in prior 24 hours) 5 hours
Add 4 points for each hour below threshold
Y (Sleep in prior 48 hours) 13 hours
Add 2 points for each hour below threshold
Z (time awake since last sleep) Y
Add 1 point for each hour of wakefulness greater than Y
Level 2 Controls
Sample Decision Tree
Score Action
0 No Action
1-4Talk to supervisor and undertake approved individual countermeasures (i.e. self monitoring for symptoms,
team monitoring by colleagues, task rotation)
5-8File fatigue report with supervisor. Organize
supervisory checks, Complete symptom checklist, task re-assignment
9+File fatigue report with manager. Do not engage in risky
behaviour. Do not start shift until fit for work.
What are some of the common symptoms of fatigue?
Discussion
Level 3 Controls
Fatigue Symptoms
Level 3 controls are intended to identify employees who show signs of fatigue:
Symptoms of fatigue indicate an increased risk of fatigue-related error
employees should watch for symptoms in themselves and others
a system of reporting allows the company to take measures when the risk is considered high
Level 4 Controls
Fatigue Proofing Strategies
Increased supervisor/co-worker monitoring Working in pairsDouble-check systemsChecklistsTask rotationAdditional breaksNappingMoving critical/monotonous tasks to daytime
Level 5 Controls
Errors and Incidents
Level 5 control consist of: fatigue error or incident reporting system investigation procedures to determine whether
fatigue was cause of an incident review of fatigue management controls
Personal Fatigue Countermeasures
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Module Three
What strategies do you use to stay alert when you’re working?
Discussion
Set up your bedroom for sleeping
Make it as dark as possible Make sure the temperature is right 18°C
to 24°CMove distractions to another room Make sure you won’t be disturbed
Get the Sleep You Need
Keep to a regular bedtime routineWind down before trying to sleep
Be careful what you eat or drink before bedDon’t toss and turn waiting to fall asleepAdjust your bedtime gradually if your shift
changes
Good Sleeping Habits
Naps can supplement sleep, not replace it
Naps 10 minutes or longer can improve alertness, communication and mood
The value of a nap doesn’t depend on the time of day
Allow 5 to 20 minutes for sleep inertia to pass
Take a Nap
Dehydration slows you down and increases feelings of sluggishness
Working in heat, air conditioning, or at night can be dehydrating
Drinking coffee, tea, soft drinks, or alcohol, and eating salty foods can make your feel thirstier
Adults should drink at least 2 litres of fluid a day
Drink Plenty of Fluids
Has stimulant effects that can improve alertness and performance
Best used strategically – only when you really need help staying awake
Takes 15-30 minutes to take effect and the effects can last up to 5 hours
You can develop both a dependence and a tolerance
Make smart use of Caffeine
Drugs and AlcoholAlcohol can help you relax before bed, but it can also
disrupt your sleepSleeping pills are best used occasionally or for only a
few days at a time
Cold and flu medication can keep you from sleeping
Eating RightMaintaining blood sugar levels is key to controlling ups and
downs in energy levels
Eating low-fat, high-protein foods can actually increase
alertness
High-fat foods can slow you down High-sugar foods can cause your blood sugar to rise and fall
quicklyHigh Glycemic Index (GI) Foods Low GI Foods
French fries, doughnuts, muffins, bread (white or whole grain),
cornflakes, rice (white or quick brown), cakes
Fish (canned in water), low-fat dairy (cottage cheese, yoghurt), lean meat (steak, chicken, breast, lamb) pasta, All-bran, porridge, hard boiled eggs,
peanuts, lentils, fresh fruit
Physical Exercise
Good for your overall health
Can help you sleep better and feel more rested Helps relieve stress, boost your health, strengthen
your immune function, and improve muscle tone and strength
Any activity that keeps your heart rate elevated for at least 20 minutes is goods
A Healthy, Balanced Life
Get enough sleep
Spend time with friends and family
Enjoy time for yourself
Stay fit and healthy
QUESTIONSThis document has been developed by Transqual Logistics Training as a Training and Assessment resource.
© Transqual Logistics Training Unit 4 / 24 Portside Crescent Wickham 2292Newcastle NSW
Authorised by Quality and Compliance Transqual Pty Ltd.Version: V5. November 2014
Permission is given to trainers and assessors working for Transqual to make copies for trainees. This permission does not extend to making copies for use outside the immediate training environment for which they are made, nor for the making of copies for hire or resale to third parties.
This resource has been saved on to the Transqual SharePoint resource network, and is uncontrolled once printed, and/or copied from this location.
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