Goal 2 Dictionary By Hannah Dixon. Popular Sovereignty The idea of a government made by and lived by...
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Transcript of Goal 2 Dictionary By Hannah Dixon. Popular Sovereignty The idea of a government made by and lived by...
![Page 1: Goal 2 Dictionary By Hannah Dixon. Popular Sovereignty The idea of a government made by and lived by the people.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649f0c5503460f94c203c8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Goal 2 Dictionary
By Hannah Dixon
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Popular Sovereignty
• The idea of a government made by and lived by the people.
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Preamble
• The first line of the Constitution.
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Reserved Powers
• The 10th Amendment of the Constitution states powers are reserved for the state.
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Article I
• Part of the Constitution that is about the House of Representatives and the Senate.
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Speaker of the House
• A member of the major party & an elected member of the House of Representatives.
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Article II
• Part of the Constitution that talks about the duties of the President and Vice President.
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Article III
• Part of the Constitution that talk about the court system.
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Constitutional Convention
• Allows changes to be made to the Constitution if needed.
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Loose Interpretation
• Lets the 3 Branches do things that is not specified to them in the Constitution.
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Right to Bear Arms
• The right to have a gun and use it in a dangerous situation.
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Interest Groups
• A group of people that come together over a certain cause.
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Revenue
• Money that the government gets.
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User Fees
• Fees the government charges for specific services.
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Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
• The #1 law enforcing agency of the government.
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GOAL 3State and Local Governments Under the North Carolina
Constitution
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Flexible
• Allowing the North Carolina constitution to have changes made to it.
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Popular Sovereignty
• Giving the people what they want
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Constitutional Convention
• a convention called because the constitution needs revisions
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Statutes
• Laws of the state
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Sheriff
• A county’s head law enforcement official
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Fifteenth Amendment
• Makes sure citizens can vote
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Balanced budget
• The amount of money the state spends cannot go over the amount of money the state takes in
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Corporate income tax
• Makes people pay a percentage of their yearly income
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Disposal fees
• Fees paid to state of local governments to remove waste, trash, garbage, etc.
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libraries
• A building full of books you can borrow
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Goal 4Active Citizenship
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Political Parties
• A group of people who share the same beliefs about political issues and opinions
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Candidates
• One who runs for an office. Example: president, secretary, treasurer, etc.
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Multi-Party System
• A system where there are more than two political parties. Countries that go by this system are the Netherlands, Israel, Denmark, etc.
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Majority Vote
• Happens when a particular party has to have enough votes to win an election
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Two-Party System
• A system that consists of two political parties. The United States is an example of a two-party system.
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Democrats
• A political party. Believes the government should be more involved with everything and they believe in higher taxes. Their symbol is a donkey. Democrats can be stereotyped as liberal.
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Republicans
• A political party. Believes the government should only be involved with protecting the country. Their symbol is an elephant. They can be stereotyped as Conservative.
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Moderate
• People’s whose beliefs consist of both democrat and republican beliefs.
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Canvassing
• When people who want a certain candidate to win, go door to door or pass out flyers and such to encourage people to vote for their candidate.
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Name Calling
• A form of negative campaigning where a candidate calls their opponent an offensive name.
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Polling Places
• Places where people vote for the candidate they want to win. However, it’s not officially voting. Most polling places are schools, churches, community centers and or public facilities.
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Ballot
• A lists of the candidates to vote for.
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Public Opinion
• Citizen’s thoughts, feelings, ideas, etc.
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Petition
• A document stating a what a group of people want to change about something pertaining to their community and what not or about a specific government action.
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Incarceration
• The time one spends in a prison, jail, youth detention center, etc. if they are convicted of a crime
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Goal 5Conflict in the United States’ Political and Judicial Systems
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Consensus Building
• The process where an agreement is reached. (Not an actual building)
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Misdemeanors
• Crimes that are not very serious that require mild punishments. These punishments include: a fine, probation, less than a year in jail, etc.
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Felonies
• Serious crimes that have serious punishments. Punishments include: incarceration and or execution.
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Bail
• Money that can be paid to not be incarcerated.
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Subpoena
• An official document that commands one to go to court.
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Oral Arguments
• When the attorney presents their case to the judge and answer any lingering questions the judge might have.
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Majority Opinion
• A statement recorded about how the case’s outcome was made and how it was decided.
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Proposal
• An idea for a new bill
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Public Hearings
• A hearing where the public hears what a bill says
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Veto
• Happens when both houses and Congress pass the bill but the president does not pass it
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Goal 6Purpose, Development, and Implementation of Laws
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Legal Codes
• A list or rules and or laws and penalties if the laws and or rules are not obeyed.
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Code of Hammurabi
• The first legal code ever. Created by Hammurabi who was king of Babylon. This code made sure the people had rights.
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Ten Commandments
• These laws are obeyed mostly by people of the Jewish and Christian faith. These set of rules are a moral code.
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Retribution
• When one is punished for a crime they are guilty of committing.
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Rehabilitation
• When one tries to make an effort to become a law-abiding citizen and gets the help they need.
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Recidivism
• When one repeats criminal acts.
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“Death Penalty”
• The punishment that one receives for committing a serious crime. Usually this punishment is received when one commits rape or murder.
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House Arrests
• When someone is confined to stay in their house for a period of time. They are usually allowed to leave to go to school/work.
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Media
• A way for people to stay informed about the issues.
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Sheriff’s Department
• Offers support for criminal cases and or civil cases (county-wide).
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Family Law
• Laws pertaining to family cases including divorces, custody agreements, adoptions, etc.
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International Law
• Laws that pertain to world wide trade and to all nations.
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Goal 7Making Economic Decisions
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Natural Resources
• Resources found in nature. Not man made. These resources can be renewable or nonrenewable.
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Needs
• Items that people have to have in order to survive.
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Wants
• Items that people don’t have to have in order to live, but they crave to have it.
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Four Basic Factors of Production
• Capital, Entrepreneurship, Labor, and Land (CELL). Steps to having a successful business.
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Land
• The property that the business, factory, plant, etc. is at. The natural resources that makes up the business, factory, plant, etc.
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Labor
• The work of humans to contribute to producing products. Can be physical and mental.
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Capital
• All the equipment and tools that are useful for the business to run smoothly. Includes money.
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Pricing
• Puts a set amount of money that a consumer must pay to have a certain product.
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Decision-Making Model
• Used for making an economic related decision. Allows you to look at all the alternatives and possible outcomes before making a definite decision.
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Incentive
• Something that motivates someone to get a task done a certain way i.e. reward.
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Goods
• The items that are made to satisfy wants and needs.
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Goal 8The US Economy
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Copyright
• A right legally granted to an artist, musician, writer, etc. to protect their work.
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Household
• A place that could be an apartment, house, condo, etc. where one lives with or without family and pays living expenses.
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Business
• One or more who works for some kind of good or service.
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Circular Flow of Economic Activity
• The flow of businesses, households, & government.
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Complimentary Goods
• Goods that can’t be used without another good.
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Substitute Goods
• Goods that can be used to replace other goods.
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Shortage
• Not having enough product to supply the demand.
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Surplus
• Having too much of the product to supply the demand.
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Consumer Tastes
• What the consumer finds preferable.
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Inflation
• A rise in prices in an economy.
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Goal 9Factors Influencing the US Economy
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Depression
• If the “trough” period of an economy gets even worse, it goes into depression.
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Economic Indicators
• Things that aid to show the health of the economy.
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Migration
• Moving from one place to another place.
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Immigration
• Coming to America to live permanently from another country.
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Foreign Trade
• US trading with other countries.
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Child Labor
• Children working in factories. Became illegal because it was unsafe.
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Regressive
• The percentage of tax that goes up when your amount of income goes up.
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Human Rights
• Every human being has the certain rights.
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Goal 10Issues and Responsibilities in US Society
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Melting Pot Theory
• Everyone who come to the US should change their cultural differences beliefs and customs to ones of the US so it all blends together.
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Tossed Salad Theory
• Everyone who come to the US should keep their cultural differences, beliefs, and customs so it is diverse.
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Racism
• Judging someone by what their ethnicity is.
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Sexism
• Judging somebody based on their gender.
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Ageism
• Judging somebody based on their age.
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Bias
• Ideas or beliefs one has that is one way or the other.
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Religious Differences
• The constant battle between different religions. Some feel they are not getting treated fairly and some religions clash together.
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Disability
• A physical or mental condition that can affect ones life. Some get discriminated for it.
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Educate
• Learning that one can do to improve their self and their future.
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Literate
• Has the ability to read/write.