Goal 1 Defined Oscar Rios

Civics & Econ

2-11-10

CHAPTER 11. Absolute monarchy 2.Double jeopardy 3.Establishment clause 4.Federalism 5.Indentured servants6.Mercantilism 7.Middle passage8.Oligarchy9.Puritans10.Quartering11.right to bear arms12.Slave trade compromise 13.Slavery14.Suffrage15.Triangular trade route

Absolute Monarchy One ruler (king or queen) that rules all.

2.Double jeopardy No one can be tried twice for something

they did on the same charge.

3.Establishment clause

Part of the first amendment. That is freedom of religion

4.Federalism A government that is split from many

pieces. Two parts of the government and state

5.Indentured servants A person who is with you sighed by

contract.

6.Mercantilism New world that could send raw material to

New England.

7.Middle passage The ship that took black slaves to other

countries.

8.Oligarchy People who rule their own nation.

9.Puritans Were a group of religious people who got

tired of the church in England and they started to pursue their own true religion.

10.Quartering To give shelter to soldiers

11.right to bear arms Having the right to have a weapon.

12.Slave trade compromise A truce that saves slaves.

13.Slavery When certain people are made to work for

someone.

14.Suffrage The right for an individual to vote.

15.Triangular trade route Where colonies made trade with other

continent in the Atlantic ocean

CHAPTER 2 Censure Chief diplomat Commute sentences Council of state Exclusive jurisdiction Executive orders General assembly Popular sovereignty Preamble President pro temper/president of the senate Presidential succession Referendum Reprieves Treaty whip- amking sure that the members of the party vote the way the party leadership

want to.

Censure

Another way of saying no to a legislative law.

Chief diplomat

One of the roles of the president of the united states.

Commute sentences

When the president shortens a term for a prisoner that is in jail.

Council of state Persons who have control over the bigger

authority in the government.

Exclusive jurisdiction Having more permission to other cases

from different courts.

Executive orders Having forced an order to one of the many

defenses of the united states.

General assembly The legislature of some states.

Popular sovereignty Important people to be held of powers

Preamble A statement that is said before a speech.

President pro temper/president of the senate

A person who has been in the legislative body for many years is appointed to be in the seat of the vice president when the vice president is unable to attend.

Presidential succession Is when the president is unable to be at a

meeting and other people have to take over.

Referendum

A stage where laws are passed to see if it will be passed or rejected.

Reprieves To have a reason to hold back a

punishment.

Treaty A form of peace to different countries.

whip Another way of saying bringing together.

CHAPTER 3 County commissioner Leandro case (1997) Lieutenant governor Local act Metropolis School busing Special districts State v. Mann Statutes Township

County commissioner Is a voted county authority that has to

comply with the counties people want and needs.

Leandro case (1997) Schools and students from low income

counties sued the state for not taking care of the schools education and the students that English is their second language.

Lieutenant governor Is the second highest from the governor

he/she can vote only if there is a tie to be broken.

Local act A bill that is past to the community or town

and if the people approve the bill it will become a law in there city or town.

Metropolis A city or a place that has a population more

than half a million.

School busing When students are not able to attend there

county school so they have to attend a different school outside their boundary.

Special districts A district that has a specific service. Ex: board of education.

State v. Mann

John mann, a slave owner shot and wounded a women slave. Mann was convicted of battery but the court ruled in favor of mann because he said that the law doesn’t limit the power that a slave owner has over his slave.

Statutes

Bills that will turn into laws

Township Simply towns that have town councils.

CHAPTER 4 Activist Apathy Campaign Canvassing Caucus Counter sue Initiative Liberal Mock elections National convention Parisian election Patronage Plank Platform Voter registration

Activist Someone who participates in political

protest.

Apathy Not caring about anything.

Campaign Running for office or winning.

Canvassing When people encourage other people to

vote for their candidate.

Caucus A different level where the delegates stand.

Counter sue When the defendant wins their case and

then sues the plaintiff to pay for their damages.

Initiative When citizens make a petition on

something that they want passed on.

Liberal Are people who want a government that is

more active on the things that they do.

Mock elections When students pretend to have an election

of any kind and have arguments, debates and all other sorts.

National convention

Is where candidates get elected.

Parisian election

Clearly stating what party the candidate belongs to.

Patronage Having said to the voter that he/she will

have if they vote for them.

Plank

Are separate decisions made with the platform.

Platform Are things that are said by the candidate

the he/she will do when they get elected.

Voter registration Registration for voters so they can vote.

CHAPTER 5 Charter school Electronic media General trail courts Hung jury Issue of law Local referendum Lower courts Oral arguments perjury Recall Rights of victims Special courts Summons Torts Tuition vouchers

Charter school

a public school that is Independently run by the local school board, having other ideas from traditional schools.

Electronic media T.V, Radio, Internet

General trail courts Also known as superior courts, having

jurisdiction over more serious crimes.

Hung jury When a jury can’t decide if the defendant is

guilty or innocent.

Issue of law

The person who is defending the defendant asks to overturn the decision because the jury didn’t follow the rules of the court or violated the rights of the defendant.

Local referendum

When an entire community is asked to make a vote on a proposal.

Lower courts Are courts that deal with misdemeanor

cases and low money claims.

Oral arguments

When the people try to answer all the questions and objections that they ask them.

perjury A witness that lies in court.

Recall

A candidate that fails to perform the duties in their office.

Rights of victims

Protecting more the rights of the defendant that the rights of the plaintiff.

Special courts Only have jurisdiction over certain cases.

Summons A person who tells the people of their court

date and their charges.

Torts Some civil cases that include; injury to

one’s person, reputation, property, or business.

Tuition vouchers Students can attend private schools with

the help of public funding.

CHAPTER 6 Chamber of Commerce Commission Deterrence Family law Franking privilege House arrest Ideological belief Informed citizenry Public law Professional groups Secret Service Special task force

Chamber of Commerce

Joined businesses to promote growth.

Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)

Regulates the safety for the consumer so that for anything that they buy won’t harm them.

Deterrence Meant to prevent future crimes.

Family law

Cases involving divorce, child support , adoption, child custody and any other case that involves family matter.

Franking privilege

Being able to send mail for free.

House arrest

When people are sentenced to be at their home with a tracking device on their leg.

Ideological belief

they exist to promote a principle or moral code.

Informed citizenry

People must know the laws that have to do with them.

Public law

Dealing with individuals, businesses, or organizations and the government.

Professional groups

Where a worker has to have experience on the job that they are assigned.

Secret Service

Used to enforce the protection against counterfeiting money and/or treasury bonds. Also to protect the president.

Special task force

Temporary groups that are assigned to investigate a certain thing.

CHAPTER 7Agribusiness Blue collar Decision making model Immediate gratificationIncentivesRobotics SalarySpecializationWagewhite collar

Agribusiness A replacement of a family owned business

with a more major business.

Blue collar

Blue collar jobs are jobs that need to have manual work.

Decision making model

the Decision making model are steps into solving a problem.

Immediate gratification

A demand that someone wants because of the immediate relief.

Incentives

Are things that will make you want to work such as; getting more money.

Robotics Are capital things that help humans do the

work faster, better, and cheaper.

Salary

Is the amount of money the employer agrees to pay the employee

Specialization

The tasks that you are good at .

Wage

The money that you earn is determined with the hours that you have worked.

white collar

White collar jobs are jobs that do not need manual work.

Chapter 8 Consumer taste Conglomerates Disposable income Law of demand Law of supply and demand Law of supply Product market Sole proprietorship Substitute goods Trickle down affect

Consumer taste

What the consumer prefers.

Conglomerates Large companies that consist of many other

businesses sometimes produce unrelated things.

Disposable income

All the money a household has after paying their taxes

Law of demand

Consumers will only buy the things that they need and truly want.

Law of supply and demand

Is that producers will make what buyers want and need.

Law of supply

Is that makes producers make things that will make them money.

Product market

Goods that are sold to consumers in stores.

Sole proprietorship A business that is owned by family

members of a household.

Substitute goods

Something that would replace another.

Trickle down affect

Everyone in society benefits on whatever changes.

Chapter 9 Affirmation action Consumer price index Deregulate Downsizing Frost belt Gross Domestic products Multinational Conglomerates Population shifts Rust belt Sun belt

Affirmation action Policies that help recruit and hire minority

candidates that do not fit the job.

Consumer price index Checks the monthly changes of the things

that consumers buy.

Deregulate

Stops or reduces the regulation of a business.

Downsizing Reducing of employees and production.

Frost belt States of the upper north.

Gross Domestic products The total value of all final goods and

services produced in an economy.

Are big businesses that are in more than one country.

Multinational Conglomerates

Population shifts

Are changes in the population either from moving in or out of a state.

Rust belt

States of the northern midwest.

Sun belt

Stretches from North Carolina to the deep south and to California.

CH.10 “Ageism” Community activism Discrimination Fiscal responsibility immigration “Melting pot theory” National security Negative stereo type Physical appearance Religious difference

“Ageism”

Discrimination against the elderly people.

Community activism Knowing what happens in the community.

Discrimination

Not being fair to other qualified people because of their gender, race, or nationality.

Fiscal responsibility Responsibilities related to money.

immigration

People who immigrate from one country to have a better future.

“Melting pot theory”

Is a theory stating that if people put their culture aside then people will get along more.

National security Was issued when the 9/11 occurred and

the government made sure there wasn’t anymore terrorist.

Negative stereo type Pre-judgment about other people.

Religious difference

What religion you believe in.

Tossed salad theory

Stating that like a salad when added all the ingredients it mixes together to taste good. so we must do the same with the people of the world