GLYCOLYSIS II & PYRUVATE OXIDATION. Last class... Intro to cellular respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 ...
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Transcript of GLYCOLYSIS II & PYRUVATE OXIDATION. Last class... Intro to cellular respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 ...
GLYCOLYSIS II &
PYRUVATE OXIDATION
Last class...
Intro to cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
* A series of oxidizing reactions converts the energy stored in C-C bonds of glucose to form ATP molecules
Last class...
2 reactions:
1. Substrate-level Phosphorylation - Directly produces ATP from ADP + Pi ATP
2. Oxidative Phosphorylation-Indirectly produces ATP through the use of electron carriers
- NAD+ + 2e + 1p NADH + H+
- FAD + 2e + 2p FADH2
Last class...
4 steps in the process of cellular respiration:
1. Glycolysis
2. Pyruvate Oxidation
3. Krebs Cycle
4. ETC/Chemiosmosis
Last class...
Glycolysis I
Today...
*In Glycolysis I, we have broken glucose down into two 3-carbon molecules called G3P (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
* We need to transform those molecules into more usable forms
*In Glycolysis II, G3P is converted to PYRUVATE! ** Pyruvate also has 3-carbons
* IMP: we will only talk about 1 set of reactions from now on, although it happens twice (for each G3P molecule)
Glycolysis II
Glycolysis IIStep 1: G3P picks up a Pi and is reduced by NAD+ to form1,3 – BISPHOSPHOGLYCERATE [BPG]
*Note: NAD+ removes a H (2 e, 1p) from G3P to form NADH + H +
Glucose
G6P
F6P
F1,6-BP
DHAPG3P
BPG
Glycolysis IIStep 2: BPG loses a phosphate group to form3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE [3PG]
*Note: The loss of Pi from BPG from is used to form ATPADP + Pi ATP
Glucose
G6P
F6P
F1,6-BP
DHAPG3P
BPG
3PG
Glycolysis IIStep 3: 3PG rearranges to form2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE [2PG]
*Isomerization reaction!
Glucose
G6P
F6P
F1,6-BP
DHAPG3P
BPG
3PG
2PG
Glycolysis IIStep 4: 2PG loses 2 H’s and 1 Oxygen as water to formPHOSPHO-ENOL-PYRUVATE [PEP]
Glucose
G6P
F6P
F1,6-BP
DHAPG3P
BPG
3PG
2PG
PEP
Glycolysis IIStep 5: PEP loses a phosphate group, Pi , to formPYRUVATE
*Note: The loss of Pi from PEP from is used to form ATPADP + Pi ATP Glucose
G6P
F6P
F1,6-BP
DHAPG3P
BPG
3PG
2PG
PEP
PYRUVATE
Glycolysis - SUMMARY
- We have converted glucose into two 3-carbon molecules, PYRUVATE that will be further converted
GLYCOLYSIS ENERGY TALLY
ATP USED
ATP produced
NADH produced
FADH2
produced
2 4 2 0
•Question of the Day
•Can our thoughts after the world around us?
•Word of the Day
•NOETIC SCIENCE
PYRUVATE OXIDATION *TRANSITION REACTION*
PYRUVATE OXIDATION
* Now that we have produced two molecules of PYRUVATE, we need to break it down even further to obtain all the energy possible from the C-C bonds in glucose.
* Glycolysis occurred in the CYTOPLASM, * Pyruvate oxidation transports the molecules across the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix
* There are 3 steps in one transition reaction
PYRUVATE OXIDATION
Steps: 1. CO2 is removed from PYRUVATE to form an acetyl group 2. NAD+ removes 2 e + 1p from pyruvate to form NADH + H+
3. CoA combines to the remaining molecule to form ACETYL-CoA*Co-enzyme A is used to shuttle the acetyl group across the membrane
PYRUVATE OXIDATION - SUMMARY
- Pyruvate, produced from glucose, is converted into a more useful form, ACETYL-CoA, that can be transported across the mitochondrial membrane
PYRUVATE OXIDATION ENERGY TALLY
TOTAL ENERGY TALLY
ATP USED ATP produced NADH produced
FADH2
produced
0 0 2 0
ATP USED ATP produced NADH produced
FADH2
produced
2 4 4 0