Glycolysis

DON’T UNDERSTAND????????? o_O

LET ME DREAK IT DOWN

Phase 1

1) Glucose enters the cell is phosphorylated buy hexokinase, thus turning ATP into sugar which is than trapped in the cell because the plasma membrane is impermeable to ions. phosphorylation makes glucose more chemically reactive.

• 2) Glucose-6-phosphate is rearranged to convert it to its isomer (fructose-6-phosphate)

• 3) Another ATP is than invested to transfer a phosphate group from ATP to the sugar by phosphofructokinase.

• 4) Aldolase makes the sugar molecule split into two different three-carbon sugars. (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phospate )

• 5) two isomers are now created dihydroxyacetone phospate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Phase 2Half way there do u understand it a little bit more yet???

• 6) Triose phosphate dehydrogenase holds onto glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate where it than goes two reactions, the sugar is first oxidized by the transfer of electrons from H+ to NAD+ making 2NADH. The enzyme uses the released energy to attach a phosphate group to the oxidized substrate.

• 7) Finally some ATP is produced the phosphate group is transferred into ADP. For every glucose molecule that goes through glycolysis two ATP are produced by step 7.

• 8) Phosphoglyceromutase relocates the remaining phosphate group to get it ready for the next reaction.

• 9) Enolase causes a double bond to form yielding phosphoenolpyruvate, the electrons of substrate become rearranged to where they now become unstable.

• 10) the last reaction produced more ATP by changing the phosphate group from PEP to ADP.Two more ATP are produced so now there was four mad making a net gain of two ATP and making 2 pyruvate.