Glycogen Metabolism - Med-Pathway · 2020. 11. 20. · Glycogen Metabolism. The Fed & Fasted...
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Transcript of Glycogen Metabolism - Med-Pathway · 2020. 11. 20. · Glycogen Metabolism. The Fed & Fasted...
The Fed & Fasted States: Maintaining Glycemia
The Fed & Fasted States
A.
B.
FASTED
FED
G-6P & Glycogen synthesis
UDP GlucoseGlycogen Synthase
UDP
PhosphorylasePi
+
CH2OH
OOH
O
HHO P O-
O-
O
CH2OH
OH
OH
CH2OH
OH
O
H
O
CH2OH
OH
O
H
O
CH2OH
OH
OH
CH2OH
OH
O O RHO
HOO R
CH2OH
OH
OH
CH2OH
OH
O
H
O O RHO
O
H
Glycogen Metabolism
H
1 4 14
65
3 2
1
4 16
1 41
4
Glycogen Branching
Branching & DebranchingEnzymes
O
CH2OH
OH
OH
H
H
HO
Glucoseαê
14
Acetal
Hemiacetal
CH2OH
OH
OHH
OH4
H
1
Glucose
α 1, 4 glucose
Glycosidic Linkages
CCC
C
CH2OH
C
OHOH
OH
HO
O
HH
HH
H
..
α-D-Glucose (35 %)
β-D-Glucose (65 %)
CH2OH
OHOH
OHHO
14
CH2OHOH
OH
OHHO
14
Anomericcarbon
D Configuration
....
CH2OH
OH H
H
OHH
HOHO
H
O
Hemiacetal
1
23
45
6
H
....
CH2OH
OH OH
H
HH
HOHO
H
O
Equatorial
Axial
Fischer structure Haworth projection Chair conformation
1
4
23
3
5
6
β-D-Glucose (65 %)
α-D-Glucose (35 %)
Mutarotation
Reducing Sugars
Glucose is an aldose
Reducing Sugars
Reducing Ends
Glycogen SynthesisMultiple Tissues
Glycogen SynthesisMultiple Tissues
Glycogen N + 2 ATP→ Glycogen N + 1 + 2 ADP + 2 Pi.
Glycogen SynthesisMultiple Tissues
Glycogen N + 2 ATP→ Glycogen N + 1 + 2 ADP + 2 Pi.
Glycogen SynthesisMultiple Tissues
Irreversible
Endergonic
Glycogen Synthesis
Häggström, Mikael (2014). "Medical gallery of Mikael Häggström 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.008. ISSN 2002-4436. Public Domain
Glycogenin
By Wanderley Souza - Kinetoplastid Biology and Disease "From the cell biology to the development of new chemotherapeutic approaches against trypanosomatids:dreams and reality" Figure 17, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22764768
Glycogen granules
Miquel, J., Vilavella, D., Swiderski, Z., Shimalov, V. V. & Torres, J. 2013: Spermatological characteristics of Pleurogenidae (Digenea) inferred from the ultrastructural study of Pleurogenes claviger, Pleurogenoidesmedians and Prosotocus confusus. Parasite, 20, 28. doi:10.1051/parasite/2013028
Glycogen Granules & Glycosome
Glycogen Metabolism
PPi
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GDP7TM receptor
Liver
cAMP
GTP
(LIVER)
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP7TM receptor
Liver
cAMP
cAMP AMP
PhosphodiesteraseAdenylyl cyclase
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
cAMP
PKA
GlycogenSynthase
P
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
PPhosphorylase
cAMP
PKA
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
PPhosphorylase
cAMP
PKA
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
CH2OH
O
OH
OHO
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
O P
O
O-
O-
β-D-Glucose 1-P
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
PPhosphorylase
cAMP
PKA
Pi
R
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
CH2OH
O
OH
OH
O
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
O P
O
O-
O-
CH2O-P
OH
OH
OHHO
β-D-Glucose 1-P
β-D-Glucose 6-P
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
PPhosphorylase
cAMP
PKA
Pi
R
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
CH2OH
O
OH
OH
O
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
O P
O
O-
O-
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
OH
CH2O-P
OH
OH
OHHO
β-D-Glucose 1-P
β-D-Glucose 6-P
β-D-Glucose
Pi
H2O
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
PPhosphorylase
cAMP
PKA
Pi
R
Glucose 6-phosphatase
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
CH2OH
O
OH
OH
O
EPINEPHRINE GLUCAGON
cyclaseATP
GTP
GDP
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
O P
O
O-
O-
CH2OH
OH
OHHO
OH
CH2O-P
OH
OH
OHHO
β-D-Glucose 1-P
β-D-Glucose 6-P
β-D-Glucose
Pi
H2O
Glucose
PhosphorylaseKinase
7TM receptor
Liver
P
PPhosphorylase
cAMP
PKA
Pi
R
Glucose 6-phosphatase(LIVER)
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