Glosar Juridic RO en RO
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Transcript of Glosar Juridic RO en RO
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8/10/2019 Glosar Juridic RO en RO
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INTERNATIONAL LAW DICTIONARY AND DIRECTORY
abstract = extras/compendiu
(upon) acceleration = in avans
account party: The person who requests a bankor some other person to issue a letter of credit.
account balance = regularizare
accounting records, entries of receipts and payments, record of assets and liabilities
accretion: (From atin accretio:!increase.!" The slow and imperceptible addition of land to a state#s
territor$.
acquiescence: (From French acquiescer:!to $ield to%! from atin acquiescere% !to be quiet.!" To accept or
compl$ passivel$ or tacitl$ without impl$ing assent or agreement.
acquisition by prescription / adverse possession = uzucapiune
action in subrogation = actiune in regres
adjective law = drept procedural/ procedural law -------substantive law = drept material
affirmative/negative covenants = oblig. de a face/de a nu face ceva
aforethought = premeditat
aggregate causes of action = toate capetele de cerere
appurtenance = servitute / accesoriu al unui drept / easement appurtenant& an easement to benefit
another tract of land% the use of the easement being incident to the ownership of that other tract
avoidance of tax = sustragere de la plata impozitului
actionable subsidy: ' subsid$ that ma$ be challenged as trade distorting if it inures the domestic
industr$ of another )orld Trade *rganizationmember state% nullifies or impairs the benefits due another
member state% or causes or threatens to cause serious preudice to the interests of another member state.
actual nullity/substantive nullity = nulitate de fapt / nulitate de fond
advising ban!' bankengaged b$ the issuer of a letter of creditto advise the beneficiar$ that it has a
credit for deliver$ and to deliver the credit upon verification of the beneficiar$#s signature.
agency endorsement: 'n endorsement to a negotiable instrumentwhich requires the endorsee to pa$
the proceeds from the negotiation of the instrument to the endorser or a designated third part$.
aging analysis = analiza vechimii soldurilor
air waybill: 'n instrument issued b$ an air carrier to a shipper that serves as a receipt for goods and as
evidence of the contract of carriage% but is not a document of title for the goods. & scrisoare de transport
aerian/ fraht aerian
amenity = amenaari
anticipatory avoidance: +emed$ available to either part$ when it becomes clear that the other part$
will commit a fundamental breach.
abuse of process/abuse of legal process/malicious abuse of process/wrongful process (of
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law) = viciu de procedura
acquittal & ,. achitare / -. &acquittance& stingere a unor obligatii /datorii
"ct of #od& calamitati naturale vs$ %orce &ajeure& caz de f.m. & both acts of od/nature acts of
people
aggrieved party& parte vatamata
appellant = recurenta
appraisal rights/ right of dissent and appraisal = statutor$ right of corporate shareholders who oppose
some extraordinar$ corporate action (such as a merger" to have their shares udiciall$ appraised and to
demand that the corporation bu$ back their shares at the appraised value.
arm's length principle: Transactions between affiliated firms must be carried on as if the$ were unrelated
companies dealing at arm#s length. & principiu declarat inaintea inceperii negocierilorarrearages = arierate
asset-striping = eliminarea activelor nerentabile
assignment: The transfer of all or part of an assignor#s contractual rights to an assignee. & cesiune
attachment of earnings/wages = poprire pe salariu
attorney-in-fact = imputernicit
avulsion: (From atin avell: !to pull from.!" The sudden and abrupt change in the border between two
lands% without change in ownership.baclog = restanta / registru de sarcini / (of demand" 0 cereri nesatisfacute / (of materials" 0 materiale
neprelucrate / (of orders" 0 portofoliu de comenzi neonorate
bad debts = creante nerecuperabile
balancing test: ' urisdictional test used b$ 1nited 2tates courts. 'ccording to this test% foreign
businesses will be subect to 1nited 2tatesantitrust laws (e.g.% the 3la$ton 'ctand the 2herman 'ntitrust
'ct"if factors showing a connection to the 1nited 2tatesoutweigh those showing a foreign connection
banruptcy judge =udecator sindic
barometer / bellwether (berbec cu talanga) stocs& actiuni (de obicei detinute la societati sigure" care
indica evolutia pietei
bearer paper: ' bill of exchange or promissor$ note that is pa$able to the bearer or to cash. = titlu de
valoare la purtator
beneficial owner = uzufructuar / beneficial interest = uzufruct
(to file) briefing = a pune concluii
budget bond title = titlu de creanta begetara
bill of exchange: ' written% dated% and signed three4part$ instrument containing an unconditional order b$
a drawer that directs a drawee to pa$ a definite sum of mone$ to a pa$ee on demand or at a specified
future date. 'lso known as a draft. & cambie / polita / trata
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bill of lading: 'n instrument issued b$ a warehouseman or carrier to a shipper that serves as a receipt
for goods shipped% as evidence of the contract of carriage% and as a document of title for the goods. &
scrisoare de trasura / conosament
blue-chip (adj$) = secure/law4risk / blue chips& actiuni detinute la societati care nu implica un grad de
risc ridicat
bonded warehouse!' facilit$ at a port of entr$ where shippers can store goods until the$ clear customs.
bottle-nec principle: 5articipants in an industr$4wide patent pool must grant reasonable access to the
pool to an$ f irm wishing to compete so that no firm will be disadvantaged.
branch = sucursala
bridging loan: 2hort4term loan that allows a debtor to meet its current obligations until a permanent loan
can be obtained.
budgetary debt certificate = certificat de obligatii bugetare
building societies = societati de credit imobiliar
burden of proof (onus probandi): The responsibilit$ of proving a disputed charge or allegation. =sarcina probei
theburden of proof includes theburden of persuasion (part$6s dut$ to convince the fact4finder to view
the facts in a wa$ that favours that part$" and the burden of production (part$6s dut$ to introduce
enough evidence7."
business interruption insurance (loss of earnings, loss of profit insurance) = asigurare contra
pierderilor in exploatare
business trust: 8n common law countries% a business arrangement in which the owners of a propert$%
known as beneficiaries% transfer legal title to that propert$ to a trustee who then manages it for them. The
beneficiaries hold transferable trust certificates entitling them to the income generated b$ the propert$ and
a residual equitable share at the time the trust is terminated. The trustee has unlimited personal liabilit$
while the beneficiaries have limited personal liabilit$.
buyer in the ordinary course of business& cumparator (in mod regulat" de buna credinta
bybid = licitatie fictiva
alvo lause: ' clause in an agreement between a host state and a foreign investor that sa$s that the
investor will not seek the diplomatic assistance of its home state in resolving disputes with the host state.
carrier & operator de telefonie mobila (context de telecomunicatii" / companie de transport
marfa/pasageri (contextual" / societate de asigurari (contextual"
* carrybac of a loss or credit = deduceri raportate la o perioada anterioara aferente unei pierderi sau
unui credit
cash dispenser = masina automata de eliberare de numerar catre posesorii de carduri & "+& &
automated teller machine
cash tracing reports = rapoarte de evidenta a situatiei lichiditatilor
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cash pooling arrangements = acorduri de fuzionare a lichiditatilor
casual labor = mana de lucru ocazionala
ceiling price = limita/plafon de pret
certified from a professional standpoint = atestat profesional
*ertificate of charges = certificat fiscal
collateral estoppel = autoritatea de lucru udecat
estoppel: (From *ld French estoupail: !stopper! or !bung.!" egal rule that one cannot
make an allegation or denial of fact that is contrar$ to one#s previous actions or words. &
autoritatea de lucru judecat
commitment charge = comision de angaament
*condition precedent = conditie suspensiva/conditie precedenta
consent decree = sentinta judecatoreasca acceptata de ambele parti
consequential / incidental damages& daune indirecte
contractors all ris insurance = asigurare pentru toate riscurile din constructiicotenancy = tenanc$ with two or more coowners who have unit$ of possession/ proprietate in
indiviiune(cuprinde atat tenancy in common = tenanc$ with two or more coowners who take identical
interests simultaneousl$ b$ the same instrument and with the same right of possession 0 each oint tenant
has a right of survivorship& cat si joint tenancy = tenanc$ b$
two or more persons in equal or unequal undivided shares% each person having an equal right to possess
the whole propert$ but no right of survivorship"
covenant = angaament/obligatie
counterclaim = cerere reconventionala
country ris insurance = asigurare contra riscului de tara
court pronouncing decisions on the merits = instanta de fond
credit worthiness = bonitate financiara
criminal prosecution/proceedings = urmarire penala
curtilage = teren aferent cladirii
capital gains: 8ncreases in the value of capital or other long4term investments. = castiguri de capital
cartel: ' combination of independent business firms organized to regulate the production% pricing and
marketing of goods b$ its members.
case law: aw based upon udicial decision or precedent rather than statutes. = jurisprudenta/practica
judiciara
.certificate of deposit: ' promissor$ note issued b$ a bankin which the bank promises to repa$ mone$ it
has received% plus interest% at a time certain. = certificat de depoit
(to be) challenged as unlawful = a fi atacat pentru ilegalitate
characteristic performance test: 3hoice of lawtest for determining the law governing an international
contract in the absence of a choice b$ the parties. The law to be applied is that of the countr$ of the part$
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who is obligated to deliver the !characteristic performance of the contract!9 i.e.% performance in kind% not in
mone$. (For example% the seller#s performance in a contract for the sale of goods".
charter: ' document outlining the principles% functions% and organization of a uridical entit$.
4eg.: municipal charter / home4rule charter
corporate charter& certificate of incorporation & often the articles of incorporation
corporate bylaws = are usu. enacted apart from the articles of incorporation= regulation
civil law silent partnership: ' secret relationship between two or more persons% one of whom carries on
a business in his name alone without revealing the participation of the other who has limited liabilit$. =
societate in comandita
classical system for integrating company and personal taxes: 3ompan$ taxes are imposed on a
compan$#s earnings and personal taxes are imposed on distributed dividends.
classified stoc: 2tock that is categorized according to the persons who ma$ own it or b$ the benefits it
gives its owners.
collusive action: (From atin cullosio: !a secret understanding.!" ' suit where the parties are not at odds
but where the$ co4operate to obtain a udgement. & conventie tacita
commercial paper: 'n alternative name for a negotiable instrument. & efect de schimb comercial
(folosit ca mijloc de plata pe termen scurt)
compensatory damages: one$ is to be paid for the cost of the inur$ suffered. &despagubiri
consequential loss/completion daily insurance = asigurare pt. pierderi indirecte / intarziere in
finalizarea lucrarilor
consolidation: )hen two companies oin to become parts of one new compan$. = contopire
merger = absorption of one compan$ that ceases to exist into another that retains its own
name and identit$ and acquires the assets and liabilities of the former &
fuiune
buyout = purchase of all or a controlling percentage of the assets or shares of a business
leveraged buyout = purchase of a publicl$ held corporation6s outstanding
stock b$ its management or outside investors% financed mainl$ with funds
borrowed from investment bankers or brokers and usu. secured b$ the
corporation6s assets .0 =
management buyout =bu$out of a corporation b$ its own directors and
officers
contentious jurisdiction: The power of a court to hear a matter that involves a dispute between two or
more parties.
credit system for relieving dual taxation: Tax paid in one state ma$ be used as credit for tax due in
another state.
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creeping expropriation: ' series of administrative acts that in combination result in depriving persons of
their propert$.
cumulative voting: ' s$stem of voting b$ which a voter% having a number of votes equal to the offices to
be filled% ma$ concentrate the whole number upon one candidate% or ma$ distribute them as he sees fit.
currency baset: ' selected group of currencies whose weighted average is used to define the amount
of an obligation. = cos/grup de valute
damages to reputation / emotional distress claims = daune morale
*death row = people sentenced to death but still alive ; the area of a prison where those sentenced to
death are confined. &
default judgement =udecare in lipsa paratului
default interest = dobanda moratorie
dishonour = refuz de a plati un instrument de plata0 wrongful dishonour/ notice of dishonourdistress goods seied in satisfaction of a claim = drept de retentie/sechestru
divestiture = operatiune de instrainare de active
deceit / fraudulent misrepresentation/ fraud & dol = inselaciune
de facto: 8n realit$% in fact% existing. de jure: (atin: !b$ right! or !b$ law.!" 'ccording to law.
debt equity swap& conversie a actiunilor rezultate din debite
debt funding: oans to a person or compan$. = imprumut/credit acordat unei persoane fiice sau
juridice
deemed income: 8ncome is deemed to have come from a particular place depending upon the activit$
involved. & venit estimat
deep seabed: The seabed and ocean floor and its subsoil be$ond the limits of national urisdiction (also
called the !'rea!".
defalcation = misappropriation of funds / embezzlement & delapidare
defeasance = anulare/abrogare
defendant& the other part$% in both civil and criminal actions & parat/acuat
delict: (From atin delictum: !a fault.!" 8n civil law countries% an$ private wrong or inur$% or a minor public
wrong or inur$. 4 tort
demurrage: ' charge made b$ a ship owner when a charterer keeps a ship idle for more than the agreed4
upon la$ da$s. = contrastalii taxa de stationare
denial of justice: a defect in a countr$6s organisation of courts or administration of ustice% resulting in the
countr$6s violating its international legal duties to protect aliens. &
diminished capacity = lipsa de discernamant
discharge (of obligation) = stingerea obligatiilor / descarcare de gestiune (contextual"
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disposals = ,. acte de dispozitie -. vanzare
dissenting opinion& opinie minoritara/ separata
document of title to the goods& doc. de insotire a marfii
docet& rolul (unei curti" / on the docket / udgement roll
double taxation: The pa$ment of taxes on one source of income to two different states. = dubla
impunere
double/single-entry = contabilitate in partida dubla/simpla
doubtful customers = clienti rau4platnici
due = cotizatie
duly annotated and signed = cu mentiunile necesare si semnate
duly incorporated and legally operating = (soc." legal infiintata si care functioneaza in mod
corespunzator
durables = bunuri de folosinta indelungata
effet utile: (French: !useful effect.!" +ule that a treat$ is to be interpreted so as to give practical effect toits provisions.
endorsement: The act of a pa$ee% drawee% accommodation part$% or holder of a negotiable instrument in
signing the back of the instrument% with or without qualif$ing words% to transfer rights in the instrument to
another. = andosare / gir
endorsement of executory title = investire cu formula executorie
entrustment agreement = contract de imputernicire
egragious violation = incalcare flagranta
employability = mobilitatea fortei de munca/recalificare
employers liability insurance& asigurare de raspundere a angaatorului
equity funding: 8nvestments in the capital of a compan$. & plasament/investitie in actiuni
estoppel per rem judicatam/estoppel by record& autoritatea de lucru udecat (penal"
exequatur: (From atin exequi: to perform or to execute."
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%ire 1revention 2 ontrol 1ermit
firm offer: 'n offer which the offeror promises to keep open for a fixed period of time. = oferta ferma
* for cause/without cause3$(termination) = (reziliere" pe baza unui motiv legal intemeiat / denuntare
unilaterala
force of attraction rule: =ecause a firm has a permanent establishment within a state% that state ma$ tax
all of the firm#s income whether earned b$ the permanent establishment or not.
foreign exchange ris insurance = asigurare contra riscului valutar
foreseeability: The reasonable anticipation that some harm or inur$ is a likel$ result of an act or a failure
to act.
foreseeability test: ' breaching part$ is liable onl$ for those damages which he or she foresaw or ought
to have foreseen.
forgery: The false making or altering of a writing with the intent to defraud. = fals/u de fals/fals in
declaratii
forfeit = ga% amenda% penalizare% confiscare* forfeit clause = clauza de dezicere% de forfetare 0 forfeiture clause / commissoria lex & an agreement
in which a seller could rescind the sale if the purchaser failed to pa$ for the item at the appointed time
forfeited share = actiune anulata
forfeiture of a patent = contrafacere
forfeiture of shares = declaratie de decadere din drepturile de actionar
fourth ran termination agreement = pact comisoriu de gradul 8>
friendly society = casa de autor reciproc
(to) furnish collateral = a prezenta o garantie% a gira
* fraudulent transaction = manevra* tranzactie dolosiva
friendly settlement: ' mutuall$ negotiated and agreed upon resolution of a dispute.
full authority and legal competence
fundamental breach: ' failure to perform that substantiall$ deprives the other part$ of that which he was
entitled to expect.
gap = bresa deficit% ecart% penurie
genuiness of assent = consimtamant sincer
gilts / gilt-edged securities& titluri de valoare de prim rang
golden handshae& large sum of mone$ paid as compensation to someone who is obliged to leave a
ob or retire earl$
goodwill = ,. reputatia firmei -. fond de comert
gross negligence& culpa grava
grossing up = calcularea echivalentului brut
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hard-core (organied crime activity) & dur
(to) have an adverse impact on to severely impact up(on)
headhunting& the search% esp. b$ professional recruiters% for executives to fill high4level positions. &
recrutare de profesionisti pt posturi cheie 7.
health and safety laws = legislatie referitoare la sanatatea si siguranta la locul de munca
hearing date& termen (de udecata"
hire purchase = cumparare in rate / leasing
hiving-off = creare de filiale
impute: (From atin imputare: !to charge.!" To attribute something done b$ one person% as a crime or a
fault% to another.
inchoate: (From atin inchoare: !to start work on.!" =egun% but not completed9 imperfectl$ formed or
developed.
inchoate offences (attempt, solicitation, consiracy) = participatie penala(to be) incumbent on/to devolve upon (a transfera) = a reveni cuiva (obligatii"
incumbent (adj$)& holding a current office (eg.: the incumbentpresident" & actual% in functie
in form and substance = in forma si continut
income tax: Tax on a person#s income and profits. = impoit pe profit
industrial injuries insurance = asigurare impotriva accidentelor de munca
* information-sharing agrements =acorduri de devaluire de informatii
information retained in unaided memories & informatii pe care (7" si le amintesc fara a beneficia de
asistenta in acest sens
* injunction = plaintiff ma$ ask the court to award an inunction against the defendant & to order the
defendant not to do something which would be in breach of contract (prohibitory injunction" or carr$ out
a certain act (mandatory injunction". 0 interlocutory /interim 2 perpetual injunction& ordonanta
presedintiala
injunctive relief = hotarare de despagubire cu efect obligatoriu
insider: ' person% such as a corporate officer% director% or maorit$ shareholder% who has access to
material nonpublic information about a compan$ or the securities market.
insider trading: The use of material nonpublic information about a compan$ or the securities market to
bu$ or sell securities for personal gain.
insourcing = productie in interior
instrument: ' formal legal document or commercial paper% such as a bill of exchange% bond% check% draft%
stock% etc. (," ' negotiable instrumentis one that is capable of being transferred b$ endorsement or
deliver$. (-" ' nonnegotiable instrumentis one that is not capable of being transferred b$ endorsement or
deliver$ alone% though it ma$ be assigned
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(joint/concurrent) tortfeaser = delicvent
joint tenancy = proprietate indiviza
joint stoc company: 8n common law countries% an unincorporated assocation of persons whose
ownership interests are represented b$ transferable shares. The shareholders in such a compan$ have
unlimited personal liabilit$. = societate pe actiuni
joint venture: 'n association of persons or companies collaborating in a business venture for more than
a transitor$ time period. = societate mixta
letter of discharge = scrisoare de eliberare de ga
letter of support& scrisoare de confirmare / suport
4now all men by these presents that 3= 8n atentia tuturor celor interesati7
masters& matrite
material contract& c$ oneros
material: (," *f substantial importance. (-" 'ccording to =ritish securities law% when the price of
something (i.e.% a securit$" would be significantl$ affected. (?" 'ccording to 1nited 2tates securities
law% when something is of significance to a reasonable person (i.e.% an investor".
&emoranum of "ssociation: 'n instrument creating and describing the basic details of a particular
corporation which is filed with a state agenc$ at the time of the firm#s incorporation. articles of
association& document regulating the internal management of a compan$
mentions request = inscriere de mentiuni
misdemeanor/petty /minor offence = contraventie
misdemeanant = contravenient
money supply = emisiune monetara
mortgagor/mortgagee & debitor /creditor ipotecar
negligence = tort = breach of a legal dut$ of care(din culpa)
5no litigation, arbitration or administrative proceedings are current, pending or threatened6 - - -no par share: ' share that ma$ be sold b$ a compan$ for an$ value. The compan$ ma$ designate a
!stated value.! The stated value amount becomes part of the compan$#s capital. = valoare nenominalanominalism: The principle that an obligation to pa$ a particular sum of mone$ is fixed and does not
change even if the purchasing power or foreign exchange rate of the mone$ does change.
nonactionable subsidy: ' subsid$ that is permissible and nonchallengeable% such as government
funding to underwrite research activities% to aid disadvantaged regions% and to help existing facilities adapt
to new environmental requirements. = subventii permise
non-core services = servicii conexe
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no-fault insurance = despagubire automata a asiguratului
non-qualified deferred compensation benefits = acorduri prin care sunt oferite compensatii cu
amanarea platii impozitului aferent
no win, no fee =conditional fee agreement
nonprofit nongovernmental organiation: 'n international organization that draws its members from
among individuals and domestic organizations (sometimes including local governments% such as
municipalities" who reside in two or more states.
notice of motion& dovada citarii partii reclamate / dovada comunicarii cererii de chemare in udecata
notification/notice of claims = declaratie/aviz de sinistru
notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this3
nuisance& paguba% dauna% preudiciu
null by operation of law = nul de drept
7ullities have been divided into absolute and relative. 'bsolute nullities are those which ma$ be
insisted upon b$ an$ one having an interest in rendering the act% deed or writing null% even b$ the publicauthorities% as a second marriage while the former was in full force. @ver$thing fraudulent is null and void.
+elative nullities can be invoked onl$ b$ those in whose favor the law has been established% land% in fact%
such power is less a nullit$ of the act than a facult$ which one or more persons have to oppose the
validit$ of the act. 0nulitati absolute / partiale / ramanere in vigoare
order bill of lading: ' bill of lading that is negotiable.
order paper: ' bill of exchange or promissor$ note that is pa$able to a named pa$ee. = bilet la ordin
objection to the writ of execution& contestatie la titlu (executoriu"
obligatory demand = cerere cu titlu de obligatie
obsolescence = desuetudine / uura morala
occupational disease = boala profesionala
occupational disease damages = despagubiri acordate in cazul contactarii unor boli profesionale
off-set amounts & sume de compensare
on the merits of the case = pe fond
(to be) opposed under a plea of forgery = a fi contrazis prin procedura inscrierii in fals
order to show cause = ordin/hotarare de expunere a temeiurilor/prezentare a motivelor
ordinary creditor = creditor chirografar
outcry trading = tranzactie prin strigare
outsourcing = externalizare/aprovizionare prin subcontractare
overdraft agreements = contracte de linii de credit
overdraft = sold debitor
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qualified endorsement: 'n endorsement in which the endorser does not guarantee that a negotiable
instrument will be accepted and paid b$ the drawer or maker.
qualifying event = an$ one of several specified occasions that but for the provisions of 3*=+'
(3onsolidated *mnibus =udget +econciliation 'ct of ,ABC" would result in a loss of benefits to a covered
emplo$ee under a qualified benefit plan.
(to be) qualified to sue = a avea legitimare procesuala
(to) quash decision = anula
- election = invalida
- indictment = infirma o acuzare
- rate = desfiinta o taxa
quota: (," ' share% proportion% or part of a total. (-" The number of persons or things permitted to enter a
countr$. (?" The amount of funds which a member of the 8nternational onetar$ Fund (8F" is required to
contribute. 8t determines the voting rights of a member and the sum of 8F funds that a member ma$
draw upon to stabilise its currenc$ and to meet balance4of4pa$ments obligations.quorum: The number of persons% or persons owning a number of shares% who must be present before a
meeting of a deliberative bod$ ma$ be convened and business transacted.
pacta sunt servanda: atin for !agreements and stipulations Dof the parties to a treat$%convention%or
contractE must be observed.!
parentage& filiatie
par share: ' share that must be sold b$ a compan$ for at least par value (the value printed on its face".
This amount becomes part of the compan$#s capital.
particular average: ' loss to a ship or its cargo which is not to be shared in b$ contributions from all
those interested% but is to be borne b$ the owner of the inured thing. 0 avarie particulara
partnership: (," 8n civil law countries% a compan$ of two or persons who co4own and manage a business
and who are each liable to the full extent of their personal assets for its debts. (-" 8n common law
countries% an association of two or more persons who co4own and manage a business for profit and who
are each liable to the full extent of their personal assets for its debts. = asociere in participatiune*
partnership limited by shares: ' civil law compan$ of one or more general partners who have unlimited
personal liabilit$ for the debts of the compan$ and limited participation b$ investors in the form of shares.
The compan$ is taxed as corporation. = societate in comandita pe actiuni
parol evidence rule: ' common law rule that holds that% if a contract describes itself as being complete
and final% an$ preliminar$ or informal agreements made prior to or at the same time the contract was
made will be ignored when interpreting the contract.
passage of ris: The point in time when the bu$er becomes responsible for losses to the goods
&transferul riscurilor
past due = cu scadenta depasita
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/t.htm#treatyhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/t.htm#treatyhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/c.htm#conventionhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/c.htm#conventionhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/c.htm#contracthttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/t.htm#treatyhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/c.htm#conventionhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/c.htm#contract -
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patent pool: 'n agreement to share patents and other technolog$.
pay-bac schedule = plan de rambursare
pawn& amanet / zalog
pawnbroer & camatar
pecuniary right: +ight of an author to exploit a cop$righted work for economic gain.
(under) penalties of perjury = sub sanctiunea pedepsei pentru marturie mincinoasa
perfidy: The act of one who has promised% in apparent good faith% to do something% and then who does
the exact opposite. 8n the law of war% perfid$ includes feigning an intent to negotiate under a flag of truce
or surrender9 pretending to be wounded or sick9 or pretending to be a noncombatant or to have a
protected status b$ the use of the signs% emblems% and uniforms of the 1nited ations or of a neutral
state.
phonogram = inregistrari
piercing the company veil: 'n expression indicating that the legal fiction that a compan$ is a separate
legal entit$ will be set aside and the shareholders of the compan$ will be held liable for its conduct as ifthe$ were partners in a partnership. = a tine raspunatori pentru actiunile unei companii pe directori
sau pe administratori
- minister plenipotentiaryis one who b$ custom ranks immediatel$ below an ambassadorand is of
the same rank as an envoy extraordinary.
piggy-bac relationship & relatie de sustinere a unui produs prin intermediul altuia
plaintiff / claimant & part$ bringing a civil action & reclamant
pledgor/pledgee = debitor gaist/creditor gaist
preferred stoc: 2tock that gives its owners benefits that ordinar$ stockholders do not have. = actiuni
preferentiale
prescription: (From atinpraescriptio:!b$ order.!" The legal process of acquiring propert$ b$ reason of
uninterrupted occupation for a period of time. 0 prescriere
(statute of limitations = statute establishing a time limit for suing in a civil case based on the date
when the claim acrrued = prescriptie)
probate transfer = transfer / instainare in baza unui testament
proceeds = sume
professional liability and errors and omissions coverage =asigurare de raspundere profesionala si
asigurarea in cazul producerii unor pagube datorate unor erori si omisiuni
professional riss indemnity insurance = asigurare impotriva riscurilor profesionale
progressive tax: ' tax in which the rate of taxation increases as income increases.
prohibited subsidy: ' subsid$ that is presumed to be trade distorting because it requires export
performance or is contingent upon the use of domestic instead of imported goods.
long term structured high4$ield projectbond & emisiune de obligatiuni / titluri de stat cu grad ridicat de
profit structurat pe term lung
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promissory note: ' written% dated% and signed two4part$ instrument containing an unconditional promise
b$ a maker to pa$ a definite sum of mone$ to a pa$ee on demand or at a specified future date. = bilet la
ordin
proof of service of summons = dovada inmanarii citatiei
property damage = pagube materiale
to protest& to have a document drawn up b$ a notar$% certif$ing that a bill of exchange has not beenpaid on the due date & a protesta (o cambie"
*(to" prove the guilt Gbeyond reasonable doubtH 0 criminal law =
*(to" prove the case Gon the balance of probabilitiesH 0 civil action=
publicly traded companies = societati deschise
recital & expunere/preambul
reconciliation in the money = regularizare valorica
(to) record a separate opinion = a consemna opinie separata
redeployment = reconversia fortei de munca
red subsidy: ' eneral 'greement on Tariffs and Tradesubsid$ that is forbidden.
registered letter with notice of receipt = scrisoare recomandata cu confirmare de primire
release of liens = ridicarea sarcinilor% garantiilor
representative by operation of law = reprezentant de drept
reprisal: The act of punishing another for some inur$ the latter caused. & represalii
rescheduling of a debt = reesalonarea unei datorii
respondent in appeal = intimat
restitution in ind: The item taken is to be returned. &restituire in natura
restrictive endorsement: 'n endorsement which restricts the rights of subsequent holders.
retainer& plati in avans
road map& foaie de parcurs / plan / program
8anitary 0peration .icense
satisfaction: +emed$ in international law that provides for the honor of an inured state to be restored.
savings and loan associations = cooperative de credit
savings bans = banci/case de economii
secret partnership: ' common law partnership in which the participation of one or more persons as
partners is not disclosed to the public b$ an$ of the partners. 'll of the partners have unlimited personal
liabilit$.
securitiation = inlocuirea unui imprumut cu titluri negociabile
security, guarantees, pledges and liens = garantie% giruri% gauri si drepturi de sechestru
(to) service a debt = a rambursa un credit
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seiure = confiscare/luare in posesie
senior debt & imprumut principal
* servitude&an encumbrance consisting in a right to the limited use of a piece of land without the
possession of it. The three t$pes of servitudes are easements (I right of passage & drept de trecere"%
licenses (I agreement allowing the licensee to enter the licensor6s land to do some act that would
otherwise be illegal% such as hunting game" and profits (I a servitude that gives the right to pasture
cattle% dig for minerals or otherwise take awa$ some part of the soil" & drept de servitute
settlement of account = incheiere de conturi
severability = nulitati partiale/ clauza de salvgardare
*severance =separation of claims% b$ the court% of multiple parties7
sicness and disablement insurance = asigurare de boala si invaliditate
sight bill: =ill of exchange that is pa$able at the time it is presented or at a stated time after
presentment. = cambie la vedere
slight negligence & simpla neglientaslow moving stocs/obsolete stocs = stocuri greu vandabile/nevandabile
sole agency agreement = acord de exclusivitate
specific performance/specific relief = executare in natura a unui contract (court4ordered remed$ that
requires precise fulfillment of a legal or contractual obligation when monetar$ damages are inappropriate
or inadequate as when the sale of real estate or a rare article is involved"
standby letter of credit: ' letter of credit obtained b$ a bu$er naming the seller as a beneficiar$.4de
reerva/disponibil
staple goods = marfuri de prima necesitate
stoc split = divizarea actiunilor/a valorii nominale a actiunilor
straddle period = perioada de utilizare combinata a optiunilor de vanzare/cumparare de actiuni
straight bill of lading: ' bill of lading issued to a named consignee which is not negotiable.
=conosament nominativ
*strict liability: 8mposing liabilit$ on an actor regardless of fault. & absolute liability / liability without
fault& raspundere nebaata pe culpa /raspundere delictuala
subjective intent: The actual intent and understanding of a part$ at the time of the making of an
agreement.
subservient: (From atin subservire: !to serve under.!" 2ubordinate in capacit$ or function.
subsidiary: 3ompan$ owned b$ a parent or a parent#s holding compan$. 1nlike a branch% it is separatel$
incorporated. & filiala
substituted service = comunicarea actelor de procedura unei alte persoane in locul paratului / in alt mod
decat personal
succes fee& onorariu de succes
sundry debtors = debitori diversi
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suport order& hotarare privind stabilirea obligatiei de plata a pensiei de intretinere (divort"
surety & garantie / cautiune
joint and several surety = cautiune conuncta si solidara
suspension of performance: +emed$ available to either part$ when it becomes clear that the other
part$ will not perform a substantial part of his obligation because of a serious deficienc$ in his abilit$ to
perform% his creditworthiness% his preparations for performing% or his performance.
secret ballot = vot secret
to serve notice upon = a cita
special share = actiune nominativa de control
statement of account = extras de cont
statute of limitations = prescriptie extinctiva (to be subject to a statute of limit)
substantive law = drept material
to substantiate an allegation = a sustine o acuatie
substantiation of a claim =definirea fondului unei reclamatii*syndicated loan = credit cartelar / imprumut in participare
tax amnesty: *ne4time authorization for taxpa$ers to pa$ delinquent taxes and thereb$ avoid possible
prosecution.
tax avoidance: Taking advantage of legal or arguabl$ legal tax loopholes.
tax evasion: The intentional misrepresentation or concealment of a person#s tax obligations.
tax haven: ' state which imposes taxes that are substantiall$ lower than those in other states.
tax holiday = dispensa fiscala provizorie / degrevare fiscala temporara
taxpayer: ' person who must pa$ a tax.
tax sin: ' state which imposes no income taxes.
tax sparing: +ecognition b$ a home state that tax incentives granted b$ a host state are equivalent to the
pa$ment of a tax to the host state.
termination dissolution liquidation /winding up
thin capitaliation: The intentional financing of a compan$ with debt funding rather than equit$ funding.
tied vote & balota
time bill: =ill of exchange that is pa$able at a definite future time. cambie la termen
tippee: ' person who acts for his own pesonal account on information received from a tipper knowing that
the information is not available to the public.
tipper: ' person who has access to material nonpublic information about a compan$ or the securities
market who discloses it to a tippee.
tranche: (French: !installment! or !block of shares.!" ' percentage of an 8nternational onetar$ Fund
member#s quota that it ma$ withdraw to stabilize its currenc$ or to meet balance4of4pa$ments obligations.
tender boo = caiet de sarcini
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third party liability = raspundere civila (pentru pagube produse tertilor"
through the good offices of = prin grija
tort = delict civil
+ranscription and 9nscription :egister = :egistru de transcriptiuni
true copy/true owner = copie conforma / proprietar legitim
underwriting department = serviciu de subscriptii
;ndertaings for ollective 9nvestments in +ransferable 8ecurities = organisme de plasament
colectiv in valori mobiliare
unjust enrichment = imbogatire fara justa caua
* unilateral termination of a contract = denuntare
use, possess and dispose = usus, fructus 2 abusus
value-added tax: Taxes are paid b$ a taxpa$er onl$ on the value added to a good. =+
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commitment& suma creditata
advance& transa de credit
borrowed money& sume luate cu imprumut
contribution& suma contribuita la credit
drawdown& tragere
borrower& debitor principal
net derivatives liability& obligatii nete generate de instrumente financiare derivate
obligor& debitor obligatar (debitor principal si garant"
construction of certain terms0 interpretation
maret disruption& conditii de piata nefavorabile
grossing-up for taxes by the borrower& gross4up pentru taxe de catre debitorul principal
binding obligations& obligatii ferme
pari passu (obligations)& (obligatii" de acelasi rang
cross-default& incalcarea mai multor obligatiicash collateralisation& garantarea prin lichiditati
repudiation& refuzul de a4si indeplini obligatiile
currency of account / currency indemnity& moneda de cont / despagubiri in valuta
absolute discretion& putere de decizie absoluta
to forgo a return& a renunta la venitul rezultat din investitii
benefit and burden& beneficii si sarcini
discharged obligations/rights& o/d stinse
professional advice& consultanta de specialitate
professional indemnity insurance = asigurare profesionala
amalgamation& termen general 0 combination of two or more companies 0 b$ acquiring others / b$
merger of two/several / b$ existing companies being dissolved and a new compan$ formed to take over
the combined business 0 conversion/ consolidation/ merger/ reorganiation
submission to jurisdiction& acceptarea urisdictiei
agent for service of process& agentul pentru primirea citatiilor
5
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absorbtie merger
abtine% a se restrain% abstain from (a vote"
abuz in functie abuse of discretion
accesoriu (al unui drept" appurtenance
achitarea facturii settlement of the invoice
achita un cont clear an account
acord tacit expres express tacit agreementa acorda un credit grant a credit
acreditiv letter of credit
act cu titlu gratuit gratuitous agreement
acreditiv documentar documentar$ letter of credit
act de renuntare waiver
acte constitutive 2tatutes % 3ompan$ 'cts% Jeed of 8ncorporation
actiune nominativa nominative share
actiune in constatare claim for recognition of rights
actiune in despagubire action for damages
actiune in regres action in subrogation
administrator al averii falitului official receiver
'dunarea enerala a 'ctionarilor
(''"
eneral eeting of the 'ssociates ('"
agent de proces agent of the service of process
ambala care proteeaza pilfer4proof packing
angaament covenant
anexa (vb" enclose (herewith"
anexa (subst" annex% schedule% appendix
antreprenor emplo$er% builder% sub4contractor
a anula cancel% annul% rescind
1.2
1.3
beneficiu nerealizat loss of bargain% loss of profitbeneficiu de discutiune benefit of discussion
beneficiarii renuntarii releases
bilant balance sheet
billet de ordin (titlu de credit" promissor$ note / emitent (drawer" 4 subscriitor (indorser"
boala profesionala occupational disease
bonitate financiara credit worthiness
bun care a pierit perished good
bunuri de larga folosinta consumer goods
bun sesizat good seized
bun caruia i s4a aplicat sechestru movable good distrained
bunuri corporale/ incorporale tangible/ intangible goods
bunuri imobile si mobile real estate and movable assets
cadastru land register
carte funciara land book
caiet de sarcini tender book
ca rezultat thereupon
ca urmare a pursuant to
cambie (tras/ tragator" bill of exchange
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3amera Jeputatilor Jeput$ 3hamber
3amera 8nternationala de 3omert 8nternational 3hamber of 3ommerce (833"
capital de dotare endowment capital
capital social registered% social capital
cazier criminal record
cautiune (depusa la udecatorie" bond
cautiune reala several guaranteecaz de neexecutare event of default
cerere de arbitrare request for arbitration
cerere neconventionala counterclaim
certificat de sarcini certificate of charges
certificat de urbanism town planning certificate
certificat de trezorerie treasur$ bill (T4bill"
cedare a unui drept surrender of a right
cedare proprietate surrender of an ownership right
cedent transferor/ assignor
cesiune assignment/ cession/ transfer
cesionar transferee/ assignee
cesiune de creanta accounts receivable
cheltuieli de casa cash outla$scheltuieli de regie overheads% markups
cheltuieli care revin incumbent expenses
chirie% termen de inchiriere tenanc$
cifra de afaceri turnover
circumscriptie territorial range
cita (vb" summon
citatie summons
comert cu ridicata wholesale trade
comert cu amanuntul retail trade
comisia de cenzori censors6 committee (8nternal 'uditors6 committee "
3omisia ationala a >al obiliare ational 2ecurities 3ommission
comitent principal
compensatie/ a compensa indemnit$/ to indemnif$
competenta materiala material competence
comunica o somatie communication of the summons
concesiune concession
concediere immediate dismissal
concubin concubine
concesionar licensee% leaseholder% concessionaire
conditie/ garantie warrant$
conditie rezolutorie resolutor$ condition
conditii de descarcare terms of discharge
conditii de plata terms of pa$ment
conditii de livrare deliver$ terms
conosament bill of ladingconform in due form
3onsiliul de 'dmnistratie =oard of Jirectors
consimtamant sincer genuineness of assent
cont de profit si pierderi profit and loss accounts
contencios administrativ administrative claim/litigation department
cont operativ operative account / overdraft credit
contesta o decizie challenge a decision
contopire fusion% merger
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contract de comodat commodate contract
contract de imputernicire entrustment agreement
contract de inchiriere cu persoanestraine
cross border lease agreement
contract de societate 'rticles of 'ssociation/ emorandum of 'ssociation
contract de asistenta legala legal assistance agreement
contract de comodat commodate contract 4 leader% borrower contract de ga pe act share pledge agreement
contract solemn contracts b$ deed
contract de vanzare pe credit credit sale agreement
contravenient (subst" misdemeanant (noun"
contraventie misdemeanor / pett$ offence
contributie in natura in4kind contribution
conventie covenant
convoca% vb '' convene (meeting": call/ calling of 2
cota unica de impozitare flat tax
creanta receivable
creanta bugetara budget obligation
credit ipotecar mortgage loan (pledgee4 persoana creditata"
cu puteri depline with full powerscustodie bailment (bailor% bailee"
>$ ?
@$
a da o hotarare de fond make a udgement on the merits
data de incepere date of commencement
data intrarii in vigoare date of coming into force
dauna impair/ damage
daune stipulate de comun acordbazate pe o estimare
liquidated damages
daune morale damages to reputation/ emotional distress claimsdaune cominatorii penalt$ damages
daune moratorii dela$ penalties
daune patrimoniale damages of propert$
-,eposit-,% final si definitiv conclusive and binding
decizie% rezolutie% hotarare resolution
decizie de imputare charging decision (in a labour contract"
declaratie a representation b$ (debtor% bu$er"
defini fondul unei reclamatii substantiation of a claim
delict civil tort
denumirea marfii denomination of goods
denuntator repudiating part$
denuntare unilateral termination of a contract
depozit warehouse
depozit de garantii suplimentare collateral deposit
depune eforturi endeavour
depune o garantie post a bond
desfasura o afacere conduct a business
desfiinta o hotarare repeal a decision
despagubire indemnit$% compensation (fair and prior compensation/despagubire dreapta% prealabila"
deviz estimate
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devolutiune legala forced heirship
disunge un capat de cerere splitting a cause of action
divulgare disclosure
dizolva% vb dissolve
dizolvare (a unei societati" dissolution
dobanda acumulata accrued interest
document% fapt deeddomeniu public public domain
drept de abitatie al sotuluisupravietuitor
curtes$
drepturi banesti pecuniar$ entitlement
drept decurgand din proprietateaasupra partilor sociale
rights arising from the shares ownership
drept de concurenta competing right
drept de dispozitie right to dispose the propert$
drept de ga lien
drept material substantive law
drept procedural adective law
drept pentru care in witness thereof
drept de preferinta pre4emptive (preemption" rightdrept real asupra proprietatii right in remover the propert$
drept de retentie distress (upon the goods of a tenant in satisfaction ofunpaid rent"
drept de retentie al antreprenorului emplo$er6s lien (securing priorit$ of pa$ment of the valueof work performed" / builder6s lien
drept de retentie al proprietarului landlord6s lien
drept de proprietate ownership right
dreapta udecata due process of law
dresa un protest draft/ draw up a protest
durata a unei societati duration of the compan$6s activities
3.1 A
3.2
--ffect (al unei calamitati" aftermath
competenta materiala material competence
elabora% vb evolve
eroare de procedura error of law
evictiune eviction
evidente de publicitate imobiliara real estate publicit$ evidencing documents
exceptie motion to dismiss
executare fortata/silita a unei datorii foreclosure of a debt
executor udecatoresc licensed foreclosure officer
expropriere expropriation
extras excerptextras de cont statement of account
3.3 %
3.4
factura bill / invoice
faptuitor wrongdoer
favorizant% ad conducive to
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fideiusor ipotecar fideussor
filiala subsidiar$
flagrant egregious (incalcare flagranta 4 egregious violation"
foaie de varsamant pa$ment slip
fond aservit servient estate
fond dominant dominant estate (tenement"
fond de comert fond de commerce(consisting of movable tangible%including but not limited to furniture% equipment% vehiclesand intangible"
Fondator (al unei societati" 8ncorporator / promoter
functiona operate
furnizare reciproca mutual provision of information
fuziune merger
3.5 #
3.6
refier 3lerk of the court
ga pe fond de comert floating charge% pledge of fond de commerce9 floating lienpledge9pledgor/ pledgee (debitor gaist/ creditor gaist"
ga de rang superior prior lien
ga fara deposedare pledge/ distraint without seizure
garanta de evictiune defend and warrant the 5ledge6s right against the claims9provide warranties of title
garanta posesia linistita warrant the quiet eno$ment
garantie collateral/ securit$/ pledge
garantie si asigurare bancara bank guarant$ K sureties (bail bonds"
garantat secured person
garantii suplimentare further assurances
girant endorser% suret$
greva cu datorii charge/encumber with duties
3.7 B
3.8
hotarare udecatoreasca udg(e"ment
hotararea este definitiva award is final and binding
3.9 9
3.10
iertare de datorie forgiveness of debt
imperativ mandator$impiedica (de la" prevent (from"
imprescriptibil indefeasible
imprevizibil% insurmontabil unpredictable and unavoidable (force maeure"
impune o limitare restrain
imbogatire fara usta cauza unust enrichment
imputernici% vb vest (in"/ empower
imputernicit attorne$4in4fact
impiedica% vb restrain
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impozit la sursa withholding tax
in baza facturii against the invoice
incasarea acreditivului cashing the letters of credit
inculpat accused (person"
incheiere de autentificare (lanotariat"
authentication decision
incheiere motivata reasonable conclusionincheiere (act" minutes
incheiere de autentificare (lanotariat"
authentication decision
incheiere motivata reasonable conclusion
indiviziune co4tenanc$ (cuprinde si Ltenanc$ in common6 si Lointtenanc$6"
infiintare formation% incorporation% foundation
informatie confidentiala confidential or proprietar$ information
infractiune criminal offense% felon$
imputernicire attorne$4in4fact
inscris deed% writ
insusi a4si undertake
inselaciune fraudintampinare answer raised in the defense
acte intre terti inter alios acta
intre vii inter vivos
interpreta construe
intarziere de plata pa$ment dela$
intra vires within the compan$ powers (according to the obectclause"
investi% a plasa bani% vb vest in
investi cu formula executorie invest with executor$ formula (writ of execution"9endorsement of executor$ title
3.11 C
3.12
udecare in lipsa paratului default udgement
udecatorie district court
udecator sindic bankruptc$/ s$ndic udge
urat uror
ust titlu paramount title
3.13 .
3.14
la cheie turn4ke$
legat bequest% boundlege cazuta in desuetudine obsolete law
lichidator liquidator
3.15 &
3.16
mai sus mentionat aforementioned
mandant mandator$
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mandat aparent apparent authorit$
marca de intregistrare trademark
membru fondator founding member
mens rea guilt$ mind
mentiune mention / amendment (ca si act"
monta erection
mostenitori legali forced heirs
3.17 7
3.18
navlu freight
neconcordanta cu inconsistenc$ with / non4compliance with
neglienta grava gross negligence
negociere colectiva collective bargaining
neintelegere dispute
negrevat de sarcini free of encumbrances
nud proprietar bare owner
3.19 0
3.20
obliga% vb compel
obligatoriu mandator$
obligatiune la purtator bearer bond
ofertant offeror
oferta de servicii tender
*ficiul unicipal si de 5rotectia2ociala
3hamber of abor K 2ocial 5rotection
*ficiul de 2tat pt 8nventii si arci 0*28
2tate *ffice for 8nventions and Trademarks
omisiune oversightopozabil opposable (to"
opozant% care se opune maoritatii dissenting (minorit$ of dissenting shareholders"
ordonanta presidentiala inunction
ordonanta ordinance
ordin de plata pa$ment order
ordin udecatoresc inunction/ restraining order
3.21 1
3.22
parta partition
parte integranta part and parcel of parte interes part of interest
parte vatamata inured/aggrieved part$
participatie penala inchoate offences
parti sociale shares
pensionare la cerere retirement upon request
perioada de gratie grace period
periodic from time to time
petent claimant
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plan de credit overdraft credit
ptata in avans down pa$ment
plata in transe pa$ment in arrears
pluralitate de creditori mass of creditors
polita de asigurare insurance polic$
preambul recitals
preconizat foreseenpreudiciu damages
premeditare aforethought
prerogativa de administrare sidispozitie
powers of management and disposal
prescriptie extinctiva statutes of limitations
prestatie performance
pretinde claim (indemnities"
prezumtie relativa rebutable presumption
prima instanta first degree court
primarie ma$or$
prin care whereb$
prin gria through the good offices
poces4verbal de receptie reception minutesproces4verbal de adudecare minutes of adudication
proces4verbal de predare 4 primire deliver$ 4 receipt minutes9 hand4over protocol
proces4verbal de sechestru minutes of distraint
procura power of attorne$
proportional cu pro ratato
protest protest (the nonperformance of the other part$"
pune sechestru lev$ a distraint
punere in concluzii brief
pune in functiune start up9 call into operation
3.23 :
3.24
radiere a ipotecii erasing of a mortgage
rambursarea creditului disburse the credit
raspundere civila delictuala a partilorpt copiii minori
parental liabilit$
raspundere solidara vicarious/oint liabilit$ (responsibilit$"
raspunde solidar si individual ointl$ and severall$ liable
raspuns la o intampinare repl$ to answer
rata installment
ratio legis underl$ing principle
recalificare profesionala professional re4conversion
reclamatie claim
recupera o datorie recover a debtrecurs appeal
recuzare recusation
reducere a activitatii restraint of activit$
refuz de a plati un instrument deplata
dishonor
regim uridic legal regime
registru de transcriptiuni transcription and inscription register
relatie de reprezentare fiduciar$ relationship
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remitere remittance
renuntare la un drept disclaimer
renuntare la udecata discontinuance
renunta la o pretentie/ drept waive a claim/ right
respinge un apel dismiss an appeal
respinge o hotarare vacate a udgement
reporta carr$ over restanta de plata overdue pa$ment
restructurare de personal personal la$4off
rezolutie rescission
ridicarea unei exceptii notice of motion
3.25 8
3.26
3.27 sanctiune pentru neplata
sau neindeplinirea obligatiilor
penalt$ for nonpa$ment or nonperformance
sarcina encumbrance
sarcina care greveaza patrimonial encumbrances over the patrimon$scadenta maturit$ date
scrisoare de intentie memorandum of understanding
scrisoare de revenire reminder
scrisoare de trasura wa$bill
scrisoare de garantie bancara bid4bond
scuti (de o oblig." exonerate/exempt (from"
sechestru sequestration% distress% seizure
sechestru udiciar court4ordered seizure of goods
semnat executed% signed
senat senate
servitute easement (appurtenance"
servitute de trecere right of wa$
societate cu asociat unic wholl$4owed compan$
societate in comandita simpla limited liabilit$ partnership
societate infiintata si functionandconform legislatiei
compan$ organized and existing under the laws
societate inchisa privatel$ held compan$
societate pe actiuni oint stock compan$
solicita repararea unui preudiciu claim indemnities for the preudice
solicita despagubiri raise a claim
spriini% sustine bolster (up"
statutar si obligatoriu valid and binding
statut statute
stinge o plata pa$4off% extinguish a debt
stivuit stowedstornare reverse
sub control under scrutin$
subsemnat% subscris (d.soc" undersigned
sucursala branch
suma platita intr4o singura transa lump4sum
suporta o obligatie% vb bear a charge
supraarbitru umpire
supune% a se abide b$
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sustine o acuzatie substantiate an allegation
3.28 +
3.29
tardiv tardiv
taxa de succesiune death tax / inheritance taxtaxe vamale customs duties
teren aferent unei cladiri curtilage
termen de udecata hearing
termen de incarcare loading
titlu de creanta bugetara budget bond title
titlu executoriu execution title
titlu de stat T4bill
titlu de valoare la purtator bearer paper
tragator drawer
transport shipment
tras drawee
trata la vedere sight draf
trata draft
tribunal municipal court
tulburare disturbance
tine raspunzatori pentru act uneicompanii pe directori sauadministratori
piercing the corporate veil
3.30 ;
ultra vires be$ond its powers (outside the obect clause"
uni mai multe capete de cerere aggregate causes of action
urmarire penala criminal prosecution
usus, fructus & abusus use% possess K dispose
uzucapiune acquisition b$ prescription/adverse possession
uzufruct usufruct/beneficial interest
uzufructuar beneficial owner
uzufruct viager life estate (freehold estate"
uzura fizica wear and tear
uzura morala obsolescence
!har%e.out rates tarie
!har%in% o shares %re(are )!u sar!ini a a!'iunilor
!i(i! a##ress situat -n ///
!laipreten'ie . su&stanti(3 a ri#i!a preten'ii . (er&3a orula a!'iune )!i(il -n preten'ii
!laiin% a!ts o
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!riinal in(esti%ation &o#y or%an #e !er!etare penal
#aa%e to persons an# property pa%u&e pro#use persoanelor i &unurilor
#atu 4all perete rontal , a'a#
#e.!oitte# retras
Dea#lo!2 &lo!a5ul )ipasul in ne%o!ieri
#e&enture sto!2s sto! #e o&li%atiuni
#e!laration o no o&5e!tions De!laratie #e lipsa #e o&ie!tii
#ee# o #ele%ation an# aen#ent a!t #e #ele%a'ie i #e o#ii!are
#ee# poll a!t unilateral
#eep #istri&ution #istri&utie pe arii e$tinse
#eault -n a&sen' , lips
#eault e(ent oti( #e nee$e!utare
#eault ee ta$a pentru intar0iere
#eaultin%,non.#eaultin% partypartea !are nu si.a -n#eplinit o&li%atiile,partea !are si.a -n#eplinito&li%atiile
#ee!t lia&ility perio# perioa#a #e %aran'ie
#eense o in!on(enient oru e$!ep'ia instan'ei ne!opetente
#eerral a%reeent !ontra!t #e esalonare
#el !re#ere #el!re#ere
#eli(er an a%reeent a reite un !ontra!t
#eli(era&le li(ra&il
#eli(era&le issues pro#use li(ra&ile
#eli(ery !all (s/ #eli(ery slip !erere #e li(rare (s/ &or#erou #e li(rare
#eli(ery ites arti!ole )pro#use3 eleente li(rate )urni0ate
#eaterialise# shares a!'iuni #eateriali0ate
Departent o the +u&li! +rose!utor +ar!het
#epository !re#it !re#it #e #epo0it
#esirous o &ein% ore# into a !opany A hotr;t -niin'area unei so!iet'i
Dire!t la&our operations !ontra!te -n re%ie proprie
Dire!torate or International La4 an#Treaties
Dire!'ia Drept Interna'ional i Tratate
#is!lose# a%ent a%ent #e!larat,re!unos!ut
#is!loser transi'tor
#istri!t oi!er un!'ionar #istri!tual
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8/10/2019 Glosar Juridic RO en RO
33/64
#istri!t oi!er un!tionar #istri!tual
#istri!t oi!er un!'ionar,e #epartaent,un!'ionar #istri!tual
#i(ision !ounsel !onsilier le%al )5uri#i! #e #epartaent
#rat eployent !ontra!t proie!t #e !ontra!t #e un!
Drat In!eption Report proie!t #e raport ini'ial
#ra4 upon a e$e!uta
#uty o !are o&li%a'ia #e pru#en' i #ili%en'
earn.out pri!epret #e !uparare !u !lau0a #e in#e$are pe&enei!iile ulterioare
eployee or hire persoana eli%i&ila pentru an%a5are
eployee settleent an# releasea%reeent
!ontra!t #e un!
e7uita&le or !ontin%ent interest interes #e parti!ipare i #rept e(entuale7uita&le relie repara'ie e!hita&il
e7uity !apital propriu
e7uity se!urities titluri #e !apital
es!alator !lause !lau0 #e in#e$are
e$ store ran!o #epo0it
e$!ept as spe!ii!ally pro(i#e#!u e$!eptia !elor pre(a0ute in o# e$pli!it in
pre0entul a!or#,!ontra!t
E$!ess un#s surplus #e on#uri
E$!ess Rental Surplus, suplient la !hirie
e$e!ute sene0e
e$e!ute# an# #eli(ere# as a #ee# senat i pre#at !a a!t 5uri#i!
e$e!ution3 #eli(ery an# peroran!e e$e!utia3 li(rarea si in#eplinirea o&li%atiilor
e$e!utory !ontra!t !ontra!t nee$e!utat sau e$e!utat partial
e$er!isa&le e$er!ita&il
e$er!ise #ue #ili%en!e a #epune #ili%en'a ne!esar
e$ternal &uer tie tip tapon e$tern
a!ility a%ent a%ent #e a!ilitate , a%ent
ailure ne-n#eplinire
all 4ithin se in!a#rea0a in
ara protest no protest
ee.&ase# !ontra!t !ontra!t pe &a0a #e onorariu
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