Globally, 50% of energy used in buildings Potential to ... · Solar PV and Solar thermal. R SYSTEMS...
Transcript of Globally, 50% of energy used in buildings Potential to ... · Solar PV and Solar thermal. R SYSTEMS...
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Phil Jones
The role of buildings in future energy thinking
Zero carbon; Low energy; Zero energy; Near-zero energy; Energy positive
• Globally, 50% of energy used in buildings
• Potential to reduce demand
• Also to generate and store energy at building scale
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Energy Generating Building Envelopes
Solar PV and Solar thermal
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AIR
CO
LL
EC
TO
R
SYSTEMS APPROACHREDUCE DEMAND
RENEWABLE SUPPLY
ENERGY STORAGE
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SYSTEM INTEGRATION
Technologies:Thermal and electrical energy systems
Technologies and building design:Renewable energy systems as construction elements
Electrical
Thermal
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TSC Virtual external spaces
Air to MVHR
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Air
tem
per
atu
re r
ise
-deg
. C
Solar radiation on the TSC facade - W/m2
TSC panel: Air temperature rise vs. solar radiation on the TSC facade
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Temperature rise through TSC vs Total horizontal solar radiation
Air
tem
per
atu
reri
se:
C
Total horizontal solar radiation: W/m2
SOLCER MODELLING
Components
Whole Building
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Monthly energy supply, PV power storage and exportation
Direct from PV From Battery Heating storage by PV power Surplus power to grid From grid
Energy: kWh
ENERGY POSITIVE PERFORMANCE
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total demand total PV output total from grid total to grid total losses
Annual electricity demand, supply and storageEnergy: kWh/yr
Annual self sufficiency rate: 75%
Annual power to grid/from grid ratio: 1.5
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SOLCER: the energy positive house
Typical new house energy costs £780/year
SOLCER earns £166/year
Benefit £946/year
COSTS £1,200/m2
16 weeks construction
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Energy Positive Office ConceptPV roof
TSC wall
Energy
Positive
YEAR
Hydrogen
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Retrofitting properties
50% of existing buildings have had some energy
efficiency measures installed .
Without energy efficiency improvements from 1970
energy consumption would be twice current levels.
Existing Built Environment80% of buildings around in 2050 already exist (in the UK)
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After retrofit
Before retrofit
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
SOLCER low carbon Retrofits
PV roof Batteries MVHR EWI Details
Whole House Deep Retrofits
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After retrofit
Before retrofit
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
SOLCER low carbon Retrofits
Energy savings £450/year
(average energy bill £1000/year)Cost of whole house retrofit £25,000 and reducing
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Sustainable Urban Master-planning
New Developments
Qatar Ras al Khaimah Hanoi
Tianjin
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Sustainable High Density Cities Lab
CityComfort+
Air Ventilation Analysis:
Daylighting Analysis:
Building Energy:
Thermal comfort:
URBAN SCALE
Option1
Option2 Option3
Existing condition
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Shading analysis
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Energy supply per building
Heating Cooling Lighting Small power Fan power
kwh/m2/annual
Building ID
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Energy supply per area
Heating Cooling Lighting Small power Fan power
kwh/m2/month
Large Scale Urban Developments
Energy Modelling
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An Integrated Model for Urban Microclimate & Building Energy
PREDICT URBAN HEAT ISLAND – LOCAL EXTERNAL CONDITIONS
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Model Testing on a Scale Concrete City
(Guangzhou)
A zonal model for assessing street canyon air temperature of high-density cities
Weihui Liang, Jianxiang Huang, Phil Jones, Qun Wang, Jian Hang
Building and Environment Vol 132, 15 March 2018, Pages 160-169
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Plants and Architecture
URBAN HEAT ISLAND
MICRO-CLIMATE
GREEN WALLS ROOF
BIOMATERIALS
INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
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After retrofit
Before retrofit
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
Urb
an
R
etr
ofi
t N
ew
Sca
le B
uil
d
Energy
Positive
Zero
Carbon
Near-Zero
Carbon
Low
Carbon
Range of performance
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
Conventional
Renewables
Renewables
Storage
Renewables
Storage
POWER GENERATION
END USE
Buildings Industry Transport
HY
DR
OG
EN
HIGH PRESSURE
LOW PRESSURE
GAS
AD
SM
AL
L S
CA
LE
M
ED
IUM
SC
AL
E
L
AR
GE
SC
AL
E
INTERNET OF ENERGY
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The role of buildings in future
energy thinking
Phil Jones
Thank You