GlobalizationGlobalization

What are your notions or What are your notions or ideas associated with this ideas associated with this

term?term?

Predict how many Predict how many international-nations are international-nations are

represented in whole represented in whole products in this room.products in this room.Abi- 60Abi- 60

Hannah- 15Hannah- 15

Ji Yeon- 50Ji Yeon- 50

Jon- 93Jon- 93

Rex- 51Rex- 51

Kenny- 35Kenny- 35

Jack- 33Jack- 33

Turbold- 42Turbold- 42

Nishanth- 7Nishanth- 7

Manasi- 12Manasi- 12

Sean-11Sean-11

► JordanJordan► SrilankaSrilanka► CanadaCanada► MexicoMexico► JapanJapan► ChinaChina► VietnamVietnam► KoreaKorea► USAUSA► DenmarkDenmark► United KingdomUnited Kingdom► IndonesiaIndonesia► IsraelIsrael► FranceFrance► MauritasMauritas► FinlandFinland► NetherlandsNetherlands► MongoliaMongolia► HondurasHonduras► ItalyItaly► HaitiHaiti► ThailandThailand► PakistanPakistan► TurkeyTurkey► CambodiaCambodia► ““Africa”Africa”► Banana RepublicBanana Republic

Predict how many Predict how many international-nations are international-nations are

represented in students in represented in students in the room.the room.► Kenny- 14Kenny- 14

► Rex- 15Rex- 15► Ji yeon- 8Ji yeon- 8► Jon- 12Jon- 12► Alex- 10Alex- 10► Faiyz- 9Faiyz- 9►Manasi-16Manasi-16► Hannah & Ritu -7Hannah & Ritu -7► Jack 11Jack 11► Irene-5Irene-5► Turbold- 13Turbold- 13► Sean-17Sean-17

► B.AmericanB.American► AmericanAmerican► IndonesiaIndonesia► KoreanKorean► MongoliaMongolia► MexicanMexican► JapaneseJapanese► IndianIndian► PakistanPakistan► JewishJewish► UkranianUkranian► RussianRussian► VietnameseVietnamese► ChineseChinese► EnglishEnglish► FilipinoFilipino► CroatianCroatian► ThaiThai► 1818

GlobalizationGlobalization

► Essential QuestionsEssential Questions How do Global How do Global

Organizations Organizations (Supranationals, (Supranationals, Non-governmental Non-governmental organizations, and organizations, and Multi-Nationals)Multi-Nationals)affect the role or affect the role or concept of the concept of the “state”?“state”?

►Definition: The Definition: The interconnectivity of interconnectivity of states in the forms states in the forms of economy, of economy, culture, and politics.culture, and politics.

Economic Globalization:Economic Globalization:David Ricardo and Circular FlowDavid Ricardo and Circular Flow►Households, firms, government; rest of the Households, firms, government; rest of the

worldworld► Factor market (land, labor, capital, Factor market (land, labor, capital,

entrepreneurial ability; rent, wages, interest, entrepreneurial ability; rent, wages, interest, profit)profit)

► Product market (goods and services, Product market (goods and services, revenue)revenue)

► Trade as technology: Iowa car crop and Trade as technology: Iowa car crop and creative destructioncreative destruction

► Comparative advantageComparative advantage

Modernization vs. Modernization vs. DependenciaDependencia

►Dependency theory: avoid dependence 1Dependency theory: avoid dependence 1stst world capital, tech, expertiseworld capital, tech, expertise neo- neo-mercantalism: import-substitution mercantalism: import-substitution industrialization (Mexico) and export-led industrialization (Mexico) and export-led industrialization (China)industrialization (China) Confirmation: Asian ContagionConfirmation: Asian Contagion

► ““Sustainable development”: 1Sustainable development”: 1stst world world development questioned (cultural + social development questioned (cultural + social impacts; environmental impact; “free trade impacts; environmental impact; “free trade butters” hypocrisy)butters” hypocrisy)

► ““Decoupling” (not so much)Decoupling” (not so much)

Costs of GlobalizationCosts of Globalization► Erosion state sovereigntyErosion state sovereignty► Outside pressure conform global normsOutside pressure conform global norms► Internal pressure for autonomy (decentralization), Internal pressure for autonomy (decentralization),

secession, disintegrationsecession, disintegration► Vulnerability actions others (NGOs, MNCs, WTO, IMF, Vulnerability actions others (NGOs, MNCs, WTO, IMF,

World Bank, UN, etc.) World Bank, UN, etc.) ► Cross-border/international problems (crime, disease, Cross-border/international problems (crime, disease,

environmental, etc.)environmental, etc.)► ““Race to the bottom”: Economic growth w/out Race to the bottom”: Economic growth w/out

development; internal inequalitydevelopment; internal inequality► Problems of rapid industrialization + urbanizationProblems of rapid industrialization + urbanization► Women hurt more by transition (competition + Women hurt more by transition (competition +

liberalizationliberalization reduction social welfare; undercuts reduction social welfare; undercuts subsistence ag., social constraints on new jobs, subsistence ag., social constraints on new jobs, exploitation in cities/factories)exploitation in cities/factories)

► ““Americanization” + cultural/political backlash Americanization” + cultural/political backlash (Nigeriazation of oil industry)(Nigeriazation of oil industry)

Benefits of GlobalizationBenefits of Globalization

► InterdependenceInterdependence cooperation w/in cooperation w/in global/regional institutions (integration)global/regional institutions (integration)

► Rapid economic growthRapid economic growth►Global products + services + informationGlobal products + services + information► Spread democracy + human rightsSpread democracy + human rights► Increased ability organize w/in + across Increased ability organize w/in + across

bordersborders► Empowerment non-state actorsEmpowerment non-state actors►New avenues political access, redress New avenues political access, redress

grievances, voicegrievances, voice►Global citizenshipGlobal citizenship

Globalization GraphsGlobalization Graphs

►Supply and Demand, consumer and Supply and Demand, consumer and producer surplusproducer surplus

►Comparative Advantage (lowest cost Comparative Advantage (lowest cost of production)of production)

►Exchange rates (derived demand) and Exchange rates (derived demand) and balanced tradebalanced trade

► Interest ratesInterest rates

Supranational OrganizationSupranational Organization

►An organization that connects An organization that connects autonomous states and works towards autonomous states and works towards mutually beneficial goals.mutually beneficial goals.

►Current Supranational Organizations:Current Supranational Organizations: United NationsUnited Nations European UnionEuropean Union NATONATO MERCOSEUR (Southern Common Market- Brazil, uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.MERCOSEUR (Southern Common Market- Brazil, uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina. European UnionEuropean Union ASEAN- Association of Southeast Asian NationsASEAN- Association of Southeast Asian Nations World Trade OrganizationWorld Trade Organization African UnionAfrican Union

Supranational OrganizationSupranational Organization

►The goal is to solve problems using the combined The goal is to solve problems using the combined power of the member states.power of the member states.

►What problems need to be solved?What problems need to be solved?► To fight a shared political threatTo fight a shared political threat► Terrorist OrganizationsTerrorist Organizations► Global WarmingGlobal Warming► PandemicPandemic► Human Rights ViolationsHuman Rights Violations► Finite Natural Resources ProtectionsFinite Natural Resources Protections► BiodiversityBiodiversity► Nuclear ProliferationNuclear Proliferation► Natural DisastersNatural Disasters► International Water Piracy (Economics?)International Water Piracy (Economics?)► Aliens!!!1! (Parks is leading to something -> Independence Day -> Morse Code -> Aliens!!!1! (Parks is leading to something -> Independence Day -> Morse Code ->

Mothership -> Indians + British, Israelis + Egyptians)Mothership -> Indians + British, Israelis + Egyptians)► ^^ Giant enemy would lead to collective effort^^ Giant enemy would lead to collective effort

North Korea’s North Korea’s Crimes against HumanityCrimes against Humanity

►Are we a global society?Are we a global society? If we are a global society, can these If we are a global society, can these

situations be stopped?situations be stopped?►If these situations can be stopped, who should If these situations can be stopped, who should

stop these situations?stop these situations?

International OrganizationsInternational Organizations

► International nongovernmental International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs): non-governmental organizations (INGOs): non-governmental organizations(NGOs) that operate internationally. organizations(NGOs) that operate internationally.

► There are two types:There are two types: International non-profit organizations. Examples International non-profit organizations. Examples

include the World Organization of the Scout include the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross and Médecins Sans Frontières.Cross and Médecins Sans Frontières.

International corporations, referred to as multinational International corporations, referred to as multinational corporations. Examples include The Coca-Cola corporations. Examples include The Coca-Cola Company and Toyota.Company and Toyota.

These are all considered part of Civil Society if they act These are all considered part of Civil Society if they act on behalf of the public.on behalf of the public.