1- Globalization, International Relations, and Daily LifeWhat is globalization?It isahistoricalprocessofmultiplefacets, political,economic, cultural,socialandenvironmental whichoffersgreatopportunities for progress in global development.What is the importance of globalization?It is important because increased international cooperation against certain problems that arise today. It is also importantbecause encompasses many trends, including expanded international trade, telecommunications, monetarycoordination, multinational corporations, technical andscientificcooperation, cultural exchangesof newtypesandscales, migration and refugee flows, and relations between the words rich and poor countries.Positive effectslobalization has distinct positive impacts on our daily lives as well. !s technology advances, the world is shrin"ing yearby year.#etter communicationandtransportationcapabilitiesconstantlyexpandtheordinarypersonscontact withpeople,products, and ideas from other countries.$egative effects%he economic crisis spread &uic"ly to other nations. lobalization allows terrorist groups have a better communicationthrough internet to plan, coordinate, and raise funds for attac"s.While is true the global mar"et has brought prosperity and growth, but this has generated a large ine&uality becauseearnings are not distributed e&uitably.'tates are losing autonomy from supranational institutions for example the I(), *+ among other.Purpose%he purpose of globalization should be to improve relations between worlds governments and thus see" the commongood, to ma"e this globalization process more inclusive and benefit to each and every one of $ations.2- Actors and Influences%he principal actors in I, are the worlds governments. %he international stage is crowded with actors large and smallthat are intimately interwoven with the decisions of governments. %hese actors are individual leaders and citizens. %heyare multinational corporations and terrorist groups. #ut the most important actors in I, are states.State ActorsWhat is it? ! state is a territorial entity controlled by a government and inhabited by population, that is authorized toexerciseforcetogaincontrol of themembersof society.%hisstatecant functionwithout three"eyelementsare-.ommon People /Pueblo0, territory and power.What is the significance1importance? %he state2s role then is to ensure the organization of society, acting in shape and!utonomous 'overeign, and adopting various measures aimed at growth and Welfare*xample **.++, *3 '!34!56,.What istheadvantageanddisadvantage?!dvantage- )oreignpolicycanonlyexist betweensovereignentities, iebetween states, which are the only legitimate holders of sovereignty and power of coercion.5isadvantage-%here is a hierarchy of states according to their power or power to influence the international system.Inability of states to act against the interests that have non7state actors.What is the purpose? %he 'tate is who directs the destinies of a particular nation, in addition to ma"ing decisions thatshould be considered as a benefit for most citizens in pursuit of a 'ocial and *conomic Progress, always relying on lawsand complementing stated and enacted.'tates with similar interests are grouped formally or informally in the power blocsNonstate ActorsWhat is it?%hey are actors in the international system that are not states. %hey are not sovereign entities exercisingsignificant power and political, economic and social influence at the national level and in some cases international levelWhat is the significance1importance?Is to be movements and flows of private origin who try to be established acrossborders and tend to enforce or impose their point of view in the international system.*xample%ransnational corporations /%$.s0 and nongovernmental organizations /$6s0 6rganizations,Intergovernmental 6rganizations /I6s0, $!%6, W%6. Individuals with great politicaland economic powerWhat is the advantage and disadvantage? !dvantage- lobalization has led to increased interaction of non7state actorsand has affected so that they can organize and form groups. %hese have developed spheres of influence, ie areas ofinterest where exert dominance, because states have failed to engage.5isadvantage- %hey are considered as actors of recent participation in the international system. Initially, they were madevisible because they are regarded as the only states in international relations.What is the purpose?Perform functions that are not typically associated with state governments. Participate in globalgovernance8 institutions and rules created to govern the affairs of global interests.Levels of AnalysisWhat is it? International relations is the study of relations between nations. When analyzing international relations, thereare general levels referring to the complexities of world politics. ! level of analysis is a perspective on I, based on a setof li"e actors or Processes that 'uggest possible *xplanations to why &uestions.What is the significance1importance? 3evels of analysis help suggest multiple explanations and approaches to considerin explaining an event. %hey remind to loo" beyond the immediate and superficial aspects of an event to explore thepossible influences o more distant causes.*xample9 %he individual level of analysis .oncerns the perceptions, choices, and actions of individual human beings.9 %he domestic level of analysis .oncerns the aggregations of individuals within states that influence state actions in theinternational arena.9 %heinterstatelevel of analysis.oncernstheinfluenceof theinternational systemuponoutcomes%:*(6'%I(P6,%!$% 6) %:* 3*4*3' 6) !$!3;'I'.9 %he global level of analysis which see"s to explain international outcomes in terms of global trends and forces thattranscend the interactions of states themselvesWhat is the advantage and disadvantage?!dvantage-3evelsof analysishelpsuggest multipleexplanationsandapproachestoconsiderinexplaininganevent5isadvantage- %he processes a higher levels tend to operate more slowly than those on the lower levels.What is the purpose? It is often common that scholars of international relations lie in the same plane of his research andtheories phenomena, actors and relationships that, strictlyGlobalizationWhat is the globalization? 6ne view sees globalization as the accomplishment of liberal economic principleslobalization encompasses many trends, including expanded international trade, telecommunications, monetarycoordination, multinational corporations, technical and scientific cooperation, cultural exchanges, migration and refugeeflows, and relations between the world%he $orth includes both- the West- rich countries of $orth !merica, *urope, and ?apan and the old *ast, including theformer 'oviet +nion /now ,ussia0%he 'outh includes 3atin !merica, !frica, the (iddle *ast, and much of !sia. %he 'outh is often called the third world/third after the West and *ast0Importance36#!3 *6,!P:; helps us to understand that exist a global $orth7'outh gap between the relatively rich countriesof the $orth and the relatively poor countries of the 'outh, is the most important geographical element at the global levelof analysis.!dvantages-It shownusthat thereareseveral criteriabeyondincomelevelshelpdistinguishma@or geographicallycontiguousregions. .ountrieswithsimilar economiclevels, cultures, andlanguageshavebeen"ept together wherepossible.'tates with a history of interaction, including historical empires or trading zones, are also placed together in a region*xamples-(ost of world /a universal morality0 and that all nations had to base their actions on prudence and practicality.%he #ush administration, advocated more energetic use of !merican power, especially military forcO to accomplish ambitious and moralistic goals suchas democratizing the (idlle *ast.'ome advanta@es-9 It ma"es a truth analysis of the reality9 It tries to defind the role of the states in the international system9 It helps to understand the power relations and interes of the states'ome disadvanta@es-9 'tates are the uni&ue ob@ect of study9 ,ealist dont believe in a central authority%he purpose of realismIs to understand the purpose of the actions made by the states and "now how diferent interests affects the position that one country has according with its influence on the international system.*()%RIs the ability to get another actor to do what it would not otherwise have done /or not to do what it would have done0.%he best single indicator of a states power may be its total 5P which combines overall size, technological level, and wealth, it is a useful estimator of material capabilities but not a precise one, power also depens on nonmaterial elements.*lements of power5P, population, territory, geography, and natural resources.ulture, patriotism, education of the population, and strength of the scientific and technological base,ealist tend to see military force as the most important element of national power, and oter elements such as economic strenght, diplomatic s"ill, or moral legitimacy.Importance.Power is base on specific characteristics or possessions of states and that .apabilities give a state the potential to influence others, this also depends on national will, diplomatic s"ill, popular support for the government and forth.*xamples,ussias position as a ma@or energy supplier to *urope has increased its power in recent yeras, they shut off natural gassupplies during a Price dispute with +"raine, a dispute shadowed by ,ussian anger at +"raines efforts to @oin $!%6!dvanta@es9 %he states has the capability of influence others with they ideas9 %he powerful states can stablish the rules on the international system5isadvanta@es9 Influence can be feel li"e an interference in the internal affairs of other states9 %he less powerful states can feel un@ust and ilegitimate the influence of the powerful states.-- $"e International Syste&What is it?'tates interact within a set of long7established =rules of the game> governing what is considered a state and how statestreat each otherWhat is it the importance?International system are important because is the place where different actors /states, non7states, companies, 6$0interact each other